龙南中学彭荣华英语工作室
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非谓语动词：不定式 todo动词ing，动词ed,动词原形do
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非谓语动词：不定式 todo动词ing，动词ed,动词原形do
&&&&&&&&&&&&& （南康中学高二专用）
ⅰ.要求用不定式作宾语的动词是：
want, wish, &decide, help, begin, forget, learn, ask afford, agree, ask, attempt, begin, demand, desire, dislike, expect, hate, hope, learn, decide, seem, intend, &&refuse, manage, order, fail, choose, forget, mean, pretend, promise, seek,&&&& &struggle,, venture, wait, 等等
ⅱ.要求用动名词做宾语的动词是：
mind, enjoy, miss, imagine, finish, suggest, risk, advise, deny, practise, require admit, acknowledge,（承认） appreciate, avoid can&t help, consider, dislike,& &&excuse,&& favor, finish, give up,& keep on, miss, postpone(缓期,展缓) put off,& stop, look forward& to object to, be accustomed to,&&&&& be used to doing, succeed in, &look like,& feel like, insist on, stick to,& persist in, 等等
ⅲ 又接to 又接ing ,其意义不同
1 try to do努力
& try ding 试试看（另外一种方法）
2 mean to do 打算
& mean doing 意味，（to catch the first train means getting up at 4:00）
3 consider to do 认为he is considered to have invented the first computer
& consider doing打算
4 regret to do 遗憾地去i regret to tell that our team has lost the game.
& regret doing 后悔做了
5 stop to do
& stop doing
6 remember \forget to do\
& remember \forget doing
7 go on to do 接着（去做另外一件事情）&
go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）
8& propose to do 打算（要做某事）&
propose doing 建议（做某事）
9 allow/ permit sb to do
& allow/ permit doing (we don&t allow smoking in the office)
10 like /love/hate/ &+ to do 表示具体行为,表示次数（今天这次）
like /love /hate +doing& 表示抽象、倾向概念 习惯性，经常
（注)如果这些动词前有should/would 词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。例如：
i should like to see him tomorrow．
---would you love to go skiing with me& ?
---- i like skiing,but today i don&t like to
10 need, want, require &+ing表被动意义；
need\ want \ require + to be done 才有被动意义
11 be afraid of doing担心
&& be afraid to do 怕，不敢
he left the room silently, being afraid of waking his mother.
it be +adj to do (it be adj for \ of sb to do )
there be no need to do
there be no sense\point\..trouble difficulty &.doing
it be no use\ good \help\fun \a waste of time doing
there be a chance\ opportunity \possibility ..of& doing
ⅴ.某些短语，the first/ the last/ only /as if &..to do
& he was the first to arrive and the last to leave.
& he woke up late, only to find it was 11 o&clock.(结果)
& he opened his mouth as if to say something.
& 1 generally speaking
& 2 judging from/by
&&3 frankly speaking
& 4 to tell the truth
& 5 given假设，倘若&& ( given the general state of his health ,it will take long to recover.)
& 6 considering something,\something considered 考虑到
& 7 provided \providing 假设
& 8 including something\ something included
& 9 supposing 假设
1. the great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents& laps.
&a. seated& b. seating
&c. sat& d. sitting
2. it&s said that the olympic games _____ in beijing in 2008 covered more events than any other olympics did.
&a. holding& b. held& c. to be held& d. to be holding
3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.
&a. being no rain&& b. there was no rain
&c. to be no rain&& d. there being no rain
4. yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a &&&&&&millionaire overnight.
&a. making b. makes c. to make d. made
5. in the face of the big fire in october in california, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____.
a. to escape burning b. to escape being burned
c. escaping burned &d. escaping from burning
6. taking this medicine, if _____, will， of course， do good to his health.
&a. continued &b. to continue c. continues &d. continuing
7. the little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____.
&a. remained to be settled
&b. remaining to be settled
&c. remained to settle
&d. remaining to settle
8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well.
&a. considering &b. considered
&c. consider& &&d. having considered
9. _____ from the appearance, but in fact, a war will break out soon.
a. judged b. judging c. having judged &d. to judge
10. & tom enjoys _____ basketball on sunday afternoons, doesn&t he?
&& yes, he does. but what his sister enjoys _____.
a. dancing &&&b. to dance&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&c. to dance &&d. is to dance
11. his letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late.
&a. having been addressed &&b. to have addressed
&c. to have been addressed &&d. being addressed
12. the space shuttle columbia broke into pieces over texas as it returned to the earth on february 1, 2003,_____ all seven astronauts aboard.
a. having killed &b. killing &c. being killed d. killed
13. there are lots of places of interest _____ in our city.
&a. needs repairing b. needing repaired
&c. needed repairing d. needing to be repaired
14. & what caused the party to be put off?
&& _____ the invitations.
&a. tom delayed sending b. tom&s delaying sending
&c. tom delaying to send d. tom delayed to send
15. i was afraid _____ to my customers because i was afraid _____ them.
&a. to lose
&b. of losing
&c. to lose
&d. of losing
16. standing on the top of the hill, i would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog around me.
&a. enjoy b. enjoying c. enjoyed d. to enjoy
17. & is tom a good talker?
&& & no, he never speaks to me other than _____ something?
&a. ask for b. to ask for c. asked for d. asking for
18. i can&t get my car _____ on cold mornings, so i have to try _____ the radiator with some hot water.
&a. to fill&&&& b. filling
&c. to fill& d. filling
19. the drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _____ in all directions before he was sent _____ by his wife.
&a. to sleep&&& b. sleeping
&c. to sleeping& d. to sleep
20. when we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _____ but the door _____.
&a. shut& b. shutting
&c. shut& d. shutting
21. we found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _____ on the scene of the launch of shenzhou v spaceship.
&a. fixed& b. fix& c. fixing& d. to fix
22. a doctor can expect _____ at any hour of the day or night.
&a. calling& b. to call& c. being called& d. to be called
23. the boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher&s question, _____ just a minute. so he&s usually the teacher&s pet.
&a. thought& b. having thought&& c. and to think&& d. thinking
24. the policeman came up to the lonely house with the door ____, ____ there for a while and then entered it.
&a. to stand&& b. stood
&c. stood&&&& d. standing
25. _____ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour, and then an old man suddenly started to cross the road in front of me.
&a. driving&&&&&&& b. i was driving
&c. having driven& d. when i was driving
26. mr. smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _____ was nowhere to be seen.
a. repairing &b. it repaired &c. repaired &d. to be repaired
27. what did the librarian _____ out of the library?&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&a . permit to take &&b. forbid to be taken
c. allow to take&& d. insist being taken
28. & mum, why do you give me so much popcorn?
&& _____ the boring time.
&a. kill &&b. killing &c. to kill &d. having killed
29. what yang liwei wanted to do when he got out of the spaceship was _____ the joy with all the chinese.
&a. share &b. shared &c. having shared &d. about to share
30. when she was alone at home, mary needed a friend _____.
&a. playing with &&&&&&&&&&&b. having played with
&c. with whom to play with &d. with whom to play
31. _____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of life.
a. frightened &&b. frightening
&c. frightened &&&d. frightening
32. the competitor never dreamed of _____ for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.
&a. there was a chance &b. there being a chance
&c. it being a chance &&d. it was a chance
33. _____ everything to go wrong in advance, and you won&t feel quite so bad when it does.
&a. having expected &b. expect &c. to expect &d. expecting
34. & you _____ part in the party on time.
&& sorry, i was delayed by the accident.
&a. are to take &&&&&&&b. have supposed to take
&c. were to have taken &d. supposed to take
35. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn&t seem high at all.
&a. when compared &&&&b. to compare
&c. while comparing &&d. it compared
36. _____ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _____ at the party.
&a. noticed&& b. noticing
&c. noticing &d. noticed
37. the matter _____ your study surely requires _____ carefully.
&a. dealing with
&b. dealt with
&c. being dealt with
&d. having dealt with
38. _____ made her parents worried a lot.
&a. her not to come back b. not her to come back
&c. her not coming back d. not her coming back
39. everything _____ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.
a. to take &b. taken &c. to be taken& d. taking
40. he moved away from his parents and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in new york.
&a. much so as to &b. very much to
&c. too much to &&d. enough to
41. & what do you think of the plan?
&& it&s easier said than _____.
&a. carried out &b. carrying out
&c. carry out& &d. to carry out
42. many businessmen attended the boao forum (博鳌论坛)because they knew what _____ from the forum.
&a. to get b. to be got c. got d. getting
43. there was a famous person at the party whom everyone would like _____ to themselves.
&a. to introduce& b. to be introduced
&c. introducing &&d. being introduced
44. & were you at home last sunday?
&& yeah! i devoted the whole day to _____ the english grammar.
&a. review &&&&&b. reviewing
&c. be reviewed &d. being reviewed
45. once _____ at the shop, you will be dismissed immediately. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&a. caught stealing &&b. caught to steal
c. catching stealing d. to catch to steal
46. prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
a. are bought &b. bought &c. been bought &d. buying
47. _____, john returned to school from his hometown.
&a. the summer vacation being over
&b. the summer vacation is over
&c. because the summer vacation over
&d. after the summer vacation being over
48. _____ she can&t come, who will do the work?
&a. supposed&&&&&&&& b. supposing
&c. having supposed &d. being supposed
49. & is there anything you want from town?
&& no, thank you. but i would like to get _____.
&a. those letters mailed &&b. mailed letters
&c. to mail those letters &&d. those letters mail
50. after the guests left, she spent as much time as she could _____ the rooms.
&a. tidy up &&&&b. to clear away
&c. clear away &d. tidying up
1.a。including为介词;由seat的用法可知,此处应用其过去分词形式。
2.b。b表示被动完成,c不定式表将来。3.d. there being no rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。4.c。不定式作结果状语表示主语未曾预料到的结果。5.b。不定式作目的状语。escape 意为&逃脱&,常接-ing形式作宾语。只能接-ing形式作宾语的动词还有:mind, admit,avoid, appreciate, consider(考虑), delay, imagine, miss, practice等。6.a。if continued 是&if taking this medicine is continued&的省略形式。7.b。第一个remaining用作形容词,作&剩下的&解;第二个remaining to be settled 是-ing形式短语作定语。8.a。considering为介词,作&就&&而论;考虑到&解。
9.b。judging from意为&从&&来判断&,为固定结构。10.d。enjoy后常接-ing形式作宾语; what his sister enjoys作主语,is to dance构成句子的谓语。11.a。address所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,且与letter之间逻辑上存在着被动关系,having been addressed...在句中作非限制性定语。12.b。13.d。needing to be repaired相当于needing repairing,在句中作定语。另外,require和want也有类似的用法。14.b。15.d。be afraid to do作&不敢&&&解(侧重指不敢作出的一种行为); be afraid of doing 作&担心&&&解(侧重强调害怕产生某种16.a。17.c。 other than asked for something相当于unless he is asked for something。18.b。get my car running意为&使我的车发动起来&;try doing表示&试一试做某事的办法&;try to do意为&努力去做某事&19.a。send sb./sth. doing意为&使 &&快速移动&;send sb. to sleep意为&使某人入睡&,其中to 为介词,sleep为名词。20.c。句中的burning,shut均作found的宾语补足语,表状态。21.a。fix one&s eyes/attention on/upon为固定短语,意为&注视,注意&,故此处应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。22.d。expect后跟不定式作宾语,call与doctor之间是被动关系23.b。-ing形式短语作状语,且think(思考)表示的动作发生于give a satisfactory answer之前,故用having thought。24.c。with the door open是with 的复合结构,open 为形容词,表状态; stood与came, entered为并列关系,在句中作谓语。25.b。因句中有连词and,所以and 之前必须是一个并列关系的分句。26.c。he had had repaired是省去了关系代词that/ which的定语从句。27.b。forbid sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法,此句中forbid 的宾语为what。28.c。why引导的特殊疑问句通常可用不定式短语来回答。
29.a。what引导的名词性从句作主语且从句中含有实义动词do时,用作表语的不定式可不带to后果)。30.d。with whom to play为&介词+关系代词+不定式&结构在句中作定语,其相当于一个定语从句(with whom she could play)。31.a。32.b。由题意&这位选手从来也没想到他竟有机会在100米比赛中获得第一名&,及dreamed of后需用-ing形式短语可知应选b。
33.b。句中and决定了前句应为祈使句。34.c。you were to have taken part in the party.意为&你本来应该参加那次聚会的&。35.a。when compared...是when the highest mountain is compared...的省略。36.a。be dressed in, be lost in, be seated, be disappointed in等类似的短语在句中用作状语时,常用过去分词形式;make herself noticed意为&使自己被别人注意&。
37.a。 relate to意为 &与&&有关;涉及&&&,第一空既可以用relating to, 也可以用deal with为固定短语,与the matter之间是被动关系,因此,应用dealing with(主动形式表被动意义)或to be dealt with。38.c。此句考查-ing形式的复合结构在句中作主语,其否定形式是在-ing形式前加not。39.b。everything taken into consideration是独立主格结构在句中作状语。
40.c。此题考查&too...to...(太&&而不能&&)&句型。41.a。carried out 与said是两个对等成分。42.a。英语中,许多动词(如:know ,decide, tell sb., show sb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。题中knew what to get相当于knew what they would get。
43.b。此题考查would like sb. to do 的结构。题中的introduce与whom之间是被动关系。
44.b。devote ... to ...中,to为介词。45.a。once caught为once you are caught 的省略; catch sb. doing sth.意为&发现或发觉某人正在做某事&。46.b。bought through a computer是过去分词短语作定语。47.a。the summer vacation (being) over是独立主格结构在句中作状语。
48.b。supposing (that)可引导条件状语从句,意为&假使&。49.a。get sth. done意为&使(某人)做某事&。50. d,
建议尝试分解内容，进行讲解语法不定式；练习也可尝试这样做。不知怎么样&
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文明上网,理智发言介词后面的动词就要加ing，那为什么不定式to的后面却要用原形？
介词后面的动词就要加ing，那为什么不定式to的后面却要用原形？
08-11-22 &
这是乌龟的屁股-------------规定
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不定式是非谓语动词，其后的动词要用原形。
请登录后再发表评论!非谓语动词什么时候用不定式,过去分词或者ing形式?如果自己想用英文说句话,要用到一个动词,怎样判断这个动词后用动词不定式,动名词还是其他词?如 i hope to see you this evening.i am thinking of get_百度作业帮
非谓语动词什么时候用不定式,过去分词或者ing形式?如果自己想用英文说句话,要用到一个动词,怎样判断这个动词后用动词不定式,动名词还是其他词?如 i hope to see you this evening.i am thinking of get
非谓语动词什么时候用不定式,过去分词或者ing形式?如果自己想用英文说句话,要用到一个动词,怎样判断这个动词后用动词不定式,动名词还是其他词?如 i hope to see you this evening.i am thinking of get a bookhe had his wallet stolen on the bus.这三句中的非谓语.为什么用的不同?比如不定式和现在分词都可以在时态上表正在进行.（to be think和thinking）,为什么第二句要用thinking
非谓语动词解题策略 1） 正确判断非谓语动词 这类题一般出现在独立主格结构中,如果在选项与句子之间没有连词,则说明,所选为独立主格结构,既名词或主格代词 + 分词. All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off. A. considered B. be considered C. considering D. having considered (1998.6) 句子没有连词,说明所选结构不属于从句,那么就是独立主格做状语,根据动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系为动宾关系,答案应该是A. ____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.(1997.6) A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal 做状语的可以是从句,但B的结构是虚拟条件,与这里不符,不表目的,C不对,不表将来,独立主格中非谓语动词不能是不定式,答案为A. 4） 判断动名词复合结构的方式 主语位置上,或动词、介词后的"名词代词 + 非谓语动词",如果表示的是一个事件则是动名词复合结构,而不是"名词 + 定语.请看以下各例： He insisted on the windows _____ open while he was sleeping. A. left B. being left C. leaving D. be left insist on后不接从句,D可以排除.这里表达的是坚持要求"开着窗子睡觉",所以应该是动名词复合结构,答案为B. The road __________ caused us to be for our work for half an hour. A. blocked B. was blocked C. blocking D. being blocked 做主语的表示上班迟到的原因,自然应该是"交通堵塞",而不是"被堵的道路",所以还是动名词复合结构,答案为D. The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son _________ to college. A. had been admitted B. admitted C. having been admitted D. having admitted 消息表达的应该是个事件,说明不是"被录取的孩子",介词of后不可能接从句,说明of后为动名词的复合结构,答案是C. 3） 注意分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系 正确判断非谓语动词与起逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证,不管是做什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点： 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,则用现在分词； 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系,则用过去分词； 如果表示将来,则用动词不定式. 这是非谓语动词运用的基本原则,然后再根据其不同的作用,掌握其更细的规则.如： (1)做定语时 做定语的可以是动名词、分词或不定式.动名词做前置定语,所构成的大多为固定短语,四级考试一般不涉及.主要考查分词和不定式做定语.分词或不定式做定语一般做后置定语. ① The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users. A. accomplished B. being accomplished C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished ② Hard work ____ on time will lead to better grades.(1995.1) A. done B. be done C. having done D. to have been done ③ As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _____ 50 households or more.(1998.1) A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having had ④ Those _____ to the conference were mostly famous scientists. A. invited B. were invited C. inviting D. to invite 做定语的非谓语动词有一下几种形式： "doing 结构":分词与中心词之间是主谓关系,表示正在进行,或状态.如③ "being done结构"：分词与中心词之间是动宾关系,表示被动和正在进行,如：No one is to enter the buildingbeing repaired. "to be done结构"：不定式与中心词之间是动宾关系,表示将来和被动,如①. "done结构"：分词与中心词之间是动宾关系,表示被动、完成或一般,如②④. "to do结构"：不定式与中心词之间是主谓关系,表示将来.如：The professor to give us a speechtomorrow is said to have compiled many scientific works. 完成形式不能做定语,包括分词的完成形式和不定式的完成形式. (2)做状语 做状语的可以是不定式,也可以是分词.大体结构有： "doing 结构"：分词与句子主语为主谓关系,表示与谓语动词同时发生,或基本上同时发生,或是同时存在的状态.如： ______ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edgeof the earth. A. Having believed B. Believing C. Believed D. Being believed "done结构"：只要分词与句子主语间是动宾关系就可以用过去分词,可以表示完成,可以表示正在进行,也可以表示条件.如： _______ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. A. Too look at B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at (2000.1) He came in, followed by a group of reporters. "having done结构"：分词与句子主语是主谓关系,切发生在谓语动词之前.Having seen the film already,I declined his invitation to go to the cinema. "having been done结构"：该结构表示完成被动,即分词与句子主语之间是动宾关系,切发生在谓语动词之前.如：Havingbeen showed many times, he still didn't understand the operation of the machine. "to do 结构"：这是不定式结构,在句中可以做目的状语,也可以做结果状语,但不定式动作总是发生在谓语动词之后.如： _______ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree. A. To become B. Become C. One becomes D. On becoming 表结果时一般为固定结构,如too …to…, enough to….,或是表示出乎意料的结果,常可加构成only to的结构.如： I did what I could to comfort her only to make her cry even more. The next day, she woke to find herself in hospital. "being done结构"：该结构表示被动与正在进行,一般置于句首,表示原因.如：Being chased by some spies,he hid himself in the grass. (2)做表语 测试中对表语的考查主要侧重在现在分词与过去分词的区别上,所以对于做表语的非谓语动词,主要看分词与句子主语之间的关系.做表语的分词一般只有doing和done两种形式.现在分词表示做表语的与主语是主谓关系；过去分词表示做表语的与主语之间是动宾关系.根据使用规律,如果主语是无生命名词,则表语分词为现在分词；如果主语是有生命名词,以过去分词居多,但也可以用现在分词,但意思不同.如： How disappointed he felt at the result of the election. (他感到失望) How disappointing he is. He should have failed in such an election. (他令人失望） 可接表语的系动词很多,除be外还有remain, feel, look, appear, seem, get, become, go. (3)做补足语 一般做宾补的非谓语动词动词的形式选择与其它成分中的非谓语动词形式选择规则基本相同. doing结构：分词与宾语构成主谓关系,表正在进行. When I caught him ____ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating done结构：分词与宾语构成动宾关系,表示被动与完成. Don't get your schedule _____;stay with us in this class.(1996.1) A. to change B. changing C. changed D. change to do 结构：不定式表示将来,如wish somebody to do, expect somebody to do, arrange for somebodyto do等等. being done结构：表示被动和正在进行, watch the flag being raised Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _____ in Cuba.(2000.1) A. being cultivated B. been cultivated C. having cultivated D. cultivating to be done结构：用语表示将来与被动,一般用语主谓关系时可用to做宾补的动词后,如：want something to be done, ordersomething to be done 完成形式不能做宾补. 4） 注意分析非谓语动词做什么状语 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同,如表示目的只能是不定式,另外,测试中也常有选择非谓语动词前连词的试题.因此,同学们应注意根据状语与句子间的关系,判断连词的使用.5） 注意不定式的特殊句式 不定式在做定语和做状语时都有其特殊句式,注意这些句式的特点,考试中就会少走一点弯路.如： have something to do类： 这类结构相当于汉语的连动结构,即"有事要做","买东西吃","借书看"等. a room in which to live类： 该类结构是a room to live in 的变体.但如果不熟悉这个结构,考试中则难以决断.如： You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _____ to suspend your tent.(1998.1) A. there B. them C. which D. where The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.(2000.6) A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base the first to do 该结构表示如果名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或序数词、最高级本身做名词用,其后应不定式做定语. the ability to do 该结构表示,形容词变了的名词后用不定式做定语. the need to do 该结构表示由动词变来的名词后用不定式做定语. the way to do 该结构表示,在一些特定的名词后面常用不定式做定语,应注意记忆,如means, reason, time, pressure, moment. 6） 熟记固定搭配,分清不定式与to加动名词 其实容易产生不定式符号与介词混淆的只是为数不多的某些句式,只要平时注意积累即可. prefer doing something to doing something look forward to doing something be used to doing something (习惯于做某事) stick to doing something object to doing something/ have objection to doing something be opposed to doing something admit/confess to doing something I have no objection _____ your story again.(2000.6) A. to hear B. to hearing C. to having heard D. to have heard The man in the corner confessed to ________ a lie to the manager of the company. A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told 从出题人的心理来看,如果有to do something和 to doing something的对比项,一般答案是to doing something. 7） 分清宾补的类别 (1)感官动词后的宾补可以是 doing, do, done, being done的结构,其中being done 只用于少数动词后面, 如find, smell, feel等. (2)have somebody do something 让某人做某事 have somebody doing something 让某人一直做某事 won't have somebody do something 不许某人做某事 have something done 使某事被做 have something + ving 让……一直…… (3)catch,smell,keep,set,等只能接doing的结构,表示主动和正在进行. (4)leave somebody doing something 让某人一直做某事 leave something undone 使某事只做了一半 leave something to be done 事情有待于解决 leave somebody to do something让某事做某事,表示将来 (5)with somebody to do something宾补与宾语是主谓关系,表示将来. with somebody doing something 宾补与宾语之间是主谓关系,表示正在进行. with something to do 宾补与宾语间是动宾关系,表示将来,动作执行者在句中找的着. with something to be done宾补与宾语是动宾关系,表示将来,但动作执行者在句中找不着. with something done 宾补与宾语之间是动宾关系,表示完成. 8） 注意下列结构中非谓语动词的体 pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to do something 不定式动作一般为状态动词,也可是终止性动词,表示与谓语动词同时存在或发生. pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to have done something 不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前. pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to be doing something 不定式动作与谓语动词同时进行 9)熟记哪些动词后接不定式,哪些接动名词,如果两者都可,又有什么差别. 既可接不定式,又可接动名词,用法有别的动词常考的有: forget,remember, regret, mean, try等. 10）注意want/need/require表示"需要"时的特殊句式 want/need/require表"需要"时,后接主动的动名词或被动的不定式,即doing 或to be done的形式.不可混淆.
非谓语的TO DO 形式一般具有将来的意义，be doing 形式强调正在进行，过去分词一般都有被动的意义，你给的三句例句，第一句主要还是根据hope to do sth,的固定句型来看，第二句表示正在考虑，第三句是have sth done 的句型表示某人使某物被怎么样，和have my hair cut的意义是一样的。非谓语动词的to do形式通常是与固定的句型相联系的，比如have...
第一句hope后面只能用接不定式或从句。第二句be后面接V-ing时表示进行。be动词后面也可以用动词不定式或过去分词，但是be to do表示将来，be done为被动语态。另外，上面句子有误，应为I'm thinking of getting a book，因为of是介词，后面只能用名词、代词或V-ing形式。第三句使用have sth done结构，have是使役动词，后...