Git教學：Git的遠端操作及利用Dropbox建立Server進行協同開發(Windows)Git常用操作指南_百度文库
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Git常用操作指南
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| Git 手册 |最近一直在学习使用git来管理自己的程序，总是今天东学一点，明天西凑一点，到用的时候，总是有些茫然不知所措。
在博客园里看见一篇老好的文章，教我们做笔记啦，但是做完笔记还是要记得总结哦！
来吧，让我们一起来总结吧，今天先来看看git远程的仓库是怎么建立的。
当然，使用git嘛，第一步肯定是得新建一个git仓库，总得有个操作的空间吧,巧妇难为无米之炊嘛。
1.初始化一个空的git仓库
1 software@debian:~$ mkdir yafeng
2 software@debian:~$ cd yafeng/
3 software@debian:~/yafeng$ ls
4 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git init
5 Initialized empty Git repository in /home/software/yafeng/.git/
6 software@debian:~/yafeng$
命令注释：
在上面的命令中，真正去初始化的是第四行的那句---git init
当然，还有很多同学会看见加了参数--bare的命令，这个命令会在我们以后慢慢给大家解释，对于不是作为共享仓库，而是作为一个自己操作的仓库，上面这样就足够了。
好了，现在yafeng目录就是我们的据点---git仓库了哦。
下面我们总要做点什么的吧，入宝山总不能光看着哦：
2.向仓库提交我们写的文件
1 software@debian:~/yafeng$ echo "our first git repository" && file
2 software@debian:~/yafeng$ ls
4 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git add file
5 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git commit -m "the first file to commit" file
6 [master (root-commit) 0c72641] the first file to commit
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 file
9 software@debian:~/yafeng$
命令解释：我们在仓库中新建了一个文件file，作为我们的示例文件。
第4行：将file文件的信息添加到git仓库的索引库中，并没有真正添加到库。当然上例中的file文件只是我们的示例，它是一个路径，因此，可以是文件，更可以是目录。
第5行：将索引库中的内容向git仓库进行提交。这步之后文件file才算真正提交到拉git仓库中。双引号中的内容是根据每次修改的不同内容，由我们自己去填写的，
很多人会看见
　　git commit -a -m & &
这条的命令是在你已经add了一个或多个文件过之后，然后修改了这些文件，就可以使用该命令进行提交。
好了，不管怎么样，终于是将文件提交到库了。可是现在的仓库只是一个本地的仓库，我们的目标是变成远程仓库哦，继续吧。
3.在本地仓库添加一个远程仓库,并将本地的master分支跟踪到远程分支
1 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git remote add origin ssh://software@172.16.0.30/~/yafeng/.git
2 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git push origin master
3 software@172.16.0.30's password:
4 Everything up-to-date
5 software@debian:~/yafeng$
第1行:在本地仓库添加一个远程仓库,当然ssh后面的地址是我们本地仓库的地址.
第2行:将本地master分支跟踪到远程分支,在git仓库建立之初就会有一个默认的master分支,当然你如果建立了其他分支,也可以用同样的方法去跟踪.
对于分支的事情,我们会在以后细细的讲述.
做到拉这一步了吗?我告诉你,你已经完成目的了哦,现在的git仓库已经是一个远程仓库了,
不相信吗?我们来测试一次阿:
现在本机上看看:
1 software@debian:~/yafeng$ git remote show origin
2 software@172.16.0.30's password:
3 * remote origin
Fetch URL: ssh://software@172.16.0.30/~/yafeng/.git
URL: ssh://software@172.16.0.30/~/yafeng/.git
HEAD branch: master
Remote branch:
master tracked
Local ref configured for 'git push':
master pushes to master (up to date)
11 software@debian:~/yafeng$
第1行:显示远程信息
很多看见这还是会不以为然的,这又能说明什么呢?好,那就来点实际的:
在另一个机子上,远程clone
1 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~# ls
3 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~# git clone ssh://software@172.16.0.30/~/yafeng/.git
4 Cloning into yafeng...
5 software@172.16.0.30's password:
6 remote: Counting objects: 9, done.
7 remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
8 remote: Total 9 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
9 Receiving objects: 100% (9/9), done.
10 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~# ls
12 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~# cd yafeng/
13 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~/yafeng# ls
15 root@yafeng-VirtualBox:~/yafeng#
第3行:就是远程clone仓库.很明显的对比可以知道多了yafeng目录,而这个yafeng目录里的内容和我们另外一台机子上的内容一样
至此,一个简单的git远程仓库就建好了,简单不,试试吧!!
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