which引导的定语从句句中什么时候用that而不用which

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英语语法顺口溜:定语从句中的that和which
  【导语】英语语法是针对英语语言的语法进行的研究,指英语中语言的结构规律。为了帮助各位同学更准确的记忆英语入门语法,英语网小编特别为大家整理了英语语法顺口溜系列,在此与大家分享~
  英语语法顺口溜:定语从句中的that和which
  That which代表物,区别听我来叙述;
  先行若是不定代,that就把which 踹;
  当先行词为anything,everything,nothing,all,any,much,many,one等不定代词时,只能使用&that&, 不用 &which&。
  例:Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗?
  先行词前有两数, 就用that定无误;
  当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时,只能使用&that&,不用 &which&。
  例句: That is the second time that I have been to Japan. 那是我去日本的第二次。
  The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.
  坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。
  先行词前最高级, 还用that必无疑;
  当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用&that&, 不用 &which&。
  例句:This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
  这是我度过的最美好的时光。
  句中若有there be, that应把which替;
  例:There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predict natural disasters. 说动物拥有神秘的第六感,可以预知自然灾害,这是没有根据的。
  先行主中做表语, 避免重复从句里;
  例句:1)This is not the hospital that it used to be.
  这已经不再是以前那座医院了。
  2)Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.
  汤姆森先生已经不再是以前的他了。
  解析:定语从句的先行词均在主句中做表语。
  例句:Which is the course that we are to take ?
  我们要学哪门课?
  解析:句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重复用that。
  (Just the only very same last, 其后也要用)
  先行词前有Just 、the only、 very 、same 、last等词,关系代词用that,不用which。
  例句:1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.
  北极是唯一能见到北极熊的地方。
  2)This is the same bike that he lost.
  这就是他丢了的那辆自行车。
  注意区分:
  3) This is the same bike as he lost.
  这辆自行车和他丢的那辆一样。(但不是)
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【转】 定语从句中只能用that,不能用which作先行词的情况&只用which,不能用that作先行词的情况
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最终编辑 河海之滨
关系代词that可以引导限定性定语从句,修饰代表人或事物的先行词,但不能用于引导非限定性定语从句。that可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。例如:  The
bag that lies on the ground is hers.
地上的那个包是她的。(关系代词that修饰bag的定语从句中充当主语)
  The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher.
我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代词that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语)
  在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中, that和which一般可互换, 但在下列情况下不可以互换:
  1. 只能用that,不能用which作先行词的情况
  (1)先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时, 关系代词通常只用that, 不用which.例如:
  ① That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这些。
  ② Is there anything that you want to buy in town?
你有什么东西要在城里买吗?
  ③ Nothing that the teacher does doesn’t influence his
老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。
  (2)先行词被序数词、 形容词最高级、 the only, the very, the last等修饰时,
关系代词通常只用that, 不用which.例如:
  ① The first English novel that I read was Cities.
我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。
  ② This is one of the most exciting football games that I
ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
  ③ This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。
  (3)先行词既有人又有物时, 关系代词只用that, 不用which.例如:
  ① The scientist and his achievements that you told me about
admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
  ② The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and
performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.
外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。
  (4) 关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时, 通常只用that, 不用which.例如:
  ① He is no longer the star that he was. 他不再是过去的那位明星了。
  ② Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.
我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。
  (5) 句中其他位置已出现which, 为避免重复, 不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。例如: Which
the car that has overtaken us? 超过我们的是哪辆车?
  2. 只用which,不能用that作先行词的情况
  (1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词+关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时, 关系代词必须用which.例如:
  ① The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
  ② This is the reference book of which the teacher is
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
  注意: 如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首, which就可换为that, 例如: This is the
question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This
the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
  (2) 先行词为“those+表事物的复数名词”时, 关系代词通常只用which而不用that.例如:
  ①Students should keep in mind those regulations which
their behavior. 学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
  ②A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best
which are newly published. 书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。
  [考题1] All ____ is needed is a supply of oil. (1989)
  A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
  [答案] B
  [解析] 先行词是不定代词all, 其限定性定语从句应由关系代词that引导, 在该定语从句中充当主语。
  考点72: who/whom引导的定语从句的用法
  who、 whom可以引导定语从句, 修饰表示人的先行词, 在从句中分别充当主语和宾语(在非正式场合下,
除非紧跟于介词之后,
who经常可以代替在定语从句中作宾语的whom)。例如:
  1. The visitor who came yesterday is Tom.
昨天来访的那个人是汤姆。(who引导修饰visitor的限定性定语从句, 并且在该从句中充当主语)
  2. His friends, who had tried to dissuade him from smoking,
not succeed.
他的那些已经尽力劝阻他抽烟的朋友们并没有成功。(who引导修饰friends的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当主语)
  3. First came Mary, whom few of us had expected.
首先来的是我们当中几乎没有人料到的玛丽。(whom引导修饰Mary的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当宾语,
这里的whom可以被who所代替)
  4. He is John to whom you ought to address the request.
他是约翰,
你应该向他提出此项请求。(whom引导修饰John的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当介词to的宾语,
这里紧跟于介词to之后的whom不可以被who代替)
  注意: that引导限定性定语从句修饰表示人的先行词时,
通常可以与who换用。不紧跟在介词后的whom和that通常可以换用(紧跟在介词后的whom不可以被that代替)。例如:
scientist who/that discovers a cure for cancer will be great.
发现治愈癌症的方法的科学家将会因此而伟大。// Jim is the man with whom she talked.
跟她说过话的那个人是吉姆。
  [考题1] Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have
greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t.
(2006北京)
  A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填; 不填
  [答案] C
  [解析] 两个下划线处分别引导定语从句修饰表示人的women、 those, 并且在定语从句内部充当主语,
均应采用who的形式。
  [考题2] The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a
comeback,
attracted a lot of attention. (2002北京春)
  A. where B. when C. which D. who
  [答案] D
  [解析] Who引导非限定性定语从句, 修饰先行词star.
  [考题3] He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner
scholarship for three years. (2002上海春)
  A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
  [答案] D
  [解析] 被who所引导的限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词是表达单数含义的“the only one”(of the
students是the only one的后置定语), 题干中的“for three
years”意味着应采用现在完成时表示已经赢得奖学金的情况, 因此本题只能选D.
  [考题4] In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____
could turn for help. (1992)
  A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
  [答案] D
  [解析] “turn to sb. (for
sth.)”是表示“(就某事或某物)求助于某人”的固定搭配。介词to必不可少,
可以紧跟介词to后引导定语从句, 修饰表示人的先行词person的关系代词只能是whom, 所以下划线处应是“to
whom”的形式。
  [考题5] I have many friends, ____ some are businessmen.
  A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
  [答案] D
  [解析] 表示“在其中, ……之中的一部分”的含义, 应用介词of (from没有类似用法), 例如: several of
friends (我的几个朋友)、 one of them(他们中间的一个)。修饰先行词friends、
能够紧跟介词of表示“朋友中的一些(是生意人)”的关系代词只有whom, 所以本题只能选D.注意:
本题不选A是因为该形式不能引导定语从句, 填入下划线处会导致整个句子包含两个单独的、
缺乏连词连接的简单句(通常情况下这属于病句);
不选B是因为which通常不能引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词;
不选C是因为of放于who之后与some连用导致整个句子的意思难以理解。
  [考题6] I was told that there were about 50 foreign students
Chinese in the school, most ____ were from Germany. (2006辽宁)
  A. study; of whom B. study; of them
  C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom
  [答案] D
  [解析] 第一个下划线处引导修饰students的定语, 不能采用动词原形而应用现在分词的形式, 据此直接排除选项A、
第二个下划线处引导修饰students的定语从句, 用来补充说明students的情况, 由于them不能引导定语从句,
应直接排除C而选出D.
  [考题7] We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and
of them came up to us, ____ we gave some bells and glasses.
(2006湖南)
  A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
  [答案] B
  [解析] 根据“give sth. to sb.”的搭配, 下划线处应以to
whom的形式引导定语从句。Which不能引导定语从句修饰人, 所以A、 D应首先排除。
  考点73: whose引导的定语从句的用法
  whose可以引导定语从句, 修饰表示人或事物的先行词, 在定语从句中充当定语。例如:
  Is there anyone here whose name is Li Hua? 这儿有叫李华的人吗?(先行词表示人)
The bicycle whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.
刹车坏了的自行车现在已被修好。(先行词表示物)
  [考题1] George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many
novels and essays. (2004北京)
  A. the real name B. what his real name
  C. his real name D. whose real name
  [答案] D
  [解析] 题干的意思是: 真名是 Eric Arthur的George
Orwell写了很多政治性的小说和短评。四个选项中只有D选项可以引导定语从句修饰主语George
Orwell(在定语从句中whose充当定语), 其他选项都使得下划线部分出现一个“主语+系动词+表语”结构,
从而导致整个句子结构紊乱。
  [考题2] Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ____ roof
under repair. (2006福建)
  A. whose B. which C. of which D. what
  [答案] A
  [解析] 下划线处引导house的定语从句并在从句内部充当主语roof的定语, 应填入引导词whose.
  [考题3] Have you seen the film Titanic, ____ leading actor is
world*9鄄famous? (2001上海春)
  A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
  [答案] C
  [解析] 下划线处引导定语从句并充当定语从句中主语leading actor的定语, 只能选C.注意: 选项A、
B使得整个句子的结构出现混乱, 应排除。
  [考题4] Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by
from ____ effects the people are still suffering. (2005天津)
  A. that B. whose C. those D. what
  [答案] B
  [解析] 题干中逗号之后为floods的定语从句, 下划线处在定语从句内部充当suffer
from的宾语——effects的定语, 相当于名词所有格floods的含义。
已投稿到:
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点,不代表新浪网的观点或立场。成分不完整,所以关系代词一定充当从句的语法成分。另外,当关系代词充当从句主语之时,关系代词不能省略,充当动词宾语时,可以省略。但是充当介词宾语时,一般不可以了。定语从句很简单,所以不用着急。
您的举报已经提交成功,我们将尽快处理,谢谢!
who可以指代主句中的人称性质的主语或宾语
whom只能指代主句中的人称性质的宾语
whose是指代主句中的物主代词,象是her,his,their
用查找和替换把回车符换为什么也没有。参下图
(window.slotbydup=window.slotbydup || []).push({
id: '2081942',
container: s,
size: '1000,60',
display: 'inlay-fix'定语从句只用which 不用that的情况
血刃星辰a63
一、定语从句中只能使用关系词which不使用that的情况主要有:1.在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系词which,不能使用关系词that2.在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能使用关系词which,不能使用that二、定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使用which的情况主要有:1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:all ,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything等2.当先行词被不定代词little,few,no,any等或被 the only,the very,the same等修饰时等3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时4.先行词既有人又有物时5.在疑问词which开头的句子中
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其他类似问题
非限制性定语从句,简而言之,也就是中间有个逗号的那种,WHICH引导定语从句,这里代表的是后面的整个句子。
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