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水稻不同粒位小穗轴的超微结构差异及其CaM活性的细胞化学定位.pdf8页
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作物学报 ACTA
AGRONOMICA
http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/
ISSN ; CODEN TSHPA9
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.280
水稻不同粒位小穗轴的超微结构差异及其CaM 活性的细胞化
Ultra-Structural
Localization
Positional
within a Rice Panicle
ZHANG Qi-Fang, LIU Yi, HUANG Fu-Deng, HU Dong-Wei, and CHENG Fang-Min
College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Abstract: The ultra-structure of the vascular bundle phloem in rice rachilla and its time-course during grain filling period were
positional
rachillae within
low-temperature
microscopy
technique, and CaM distribution in sieve element
and companion cells
of the central vascular phloem was investigated
by immuno-gold localization. The results showed that there were obvious difference in the anatomical
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LI An-xin, ZHANG Chuan-jia, TU De-yu, HE Gui-sheng. [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, ): 26-35.
Copyright&&&Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology&&&spikelet fertility 在 农作物 分类中
的翻译结果:
查询用时：0.165秒
&在分类学科中查询
&&&&CYTOGENETICS ON THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG BULU, AUS AND UPLAND RICES(ORYZA SATIVA L.) Ⅱ. Pollen and spikelet fertility in 3 ecotypes and their F_1 hybrids
&&&&布鲁、奥斯、陆稻(Oryza sativa L.)亲缘关系的细胞遗传学 Ⅱ.F_1花粉育性及小穗育性
&&&&rufipongon or O. nivara possessed much lower pollen fertility and spikelet fertility. Therefore,F1 hybrid sterility was the main reproductive barrier influencing on the gene flow within AA genome.
&&&&亚洲栽培稻与普通野生稻及尼瓦拉野生稻种间F1花粉育性和小穗育性有不同程度分化,与其他稻种的F1花粉育性和小穗育性均很低,F1杂种不育是AA组内基因交流的主要障碍。
&&&&In the japonica background,S-24(t)at Si/Sj heterozygous genotype could decrease spikelet fertility by about 70%,but S-31(t)and S-5 were two loci of hybrid semi-fertility.
&&&&育性基因的表达受遗传背景的影响,在粳稻遗传背景中,S-24(t)位点处在Si/Sj杂合基因型时可使杂种小穗育性下降70%左右,而S-31(t)和S-5为杂种半不育位点。
&&&&4. Relation between spikelet fertility and pollen fertilityCoefficient between spikelet fertility and pollen fertility in BC1F1 population was low (0.27), but significant at 0.05, while that (0.26) in F2 population was significant at 0.01.By comparison, mutual QTL linked to RM490 on chromosome 1 was detected controlling pollen sterility and spikelet sterility simultaneously.
&&&&和F:两群体中小穗育性与花粉育性的相关系数分别为0.27和0.26，达到了显著水平。 通过比较发现，在第1染色体上检测到的小穗不育QTL(qss-j)与花粉不育QTL(qps~I)均与同一标记RM49o连锁，为新检测到的控制花粉不育和小穗不育的基因位点。
&&&&Genetic affininity among 3 Asian rice ecotypcs(bulu, aus and upland)was studied on the basis of pollen and spikelet fertility in 146 F_1 hybrids involving 13 parents.
&&&&根据13个亲本146个F_1的花粉育性和小穗育性,研究了亚洲栽培稻三个生态型(布鲁、奥斯及陆稻)的遗传亲和性。
&&&&This S-5 locus was mapped on chromosome 6 approximately 0.2cM from both of the SSR markers GXR6 and RM276. The contribution of the S-5n allele to spikelet fertility reached as high as 34.0% in Pei'ai 64S , increasing from 43.5% to 77.5%, indicating it was a main effect gene controlling the wide compatibility.
&&&&培矮64S的S-5n对育性贡献可使小穗结实率从平均43.5%提高到77.5%,贡献率达34.0%,表明它是一个很强的控制广亲和特性的主效基因。
&&&&Therefore, effect of low temperature on spikelet fertility of these varieyies was less.
&&&&至处理结束后,花粉生理活性受低温影响甚微,因此对小穗结实率的影响较小。
&&&&Correlation between fertile pollen and spikelet fertility in F_1 of varieties crossed with indica and japonica testers was found to be non-sigificant. It is suggested that for the screening of WCVs the spikelet fertility of F_1 obtained from test crosses be used as a main standard in evaluation of parent compatibility.
&&&&对受测品种与籼、粳测验种测交 F_1的黑染花粉率与小穗结实率的分析表明,两者相关不显著,建议在广亲和性品种筛选中宜以 F_1小穗结实率作为亲本亲和性鉴定的主要指标。
&&&&2 ) Of the Yunnan nuda varieties, Dabairuo has the highest compatible ability,its mean spikelet fertility of compatible crosses is 74.7%. Haomei's and Daogu's are 72.9% and 70.4% respectively.
&&&&亲和力最好的是大白糯，其与籼、粳测验种表现亲合的各组合的F_1平均小穗结实率为74．7％，其次是毫梅（72．9％）和镰刀谷（70．4％）．
&&&&Correlation between fertile pollen and spikelet fertility in F\-1 of varieties obtained from ion beam mutation crossed with indica and japonica testers was found to be nonsignificant. It is suggested that for the screening of WCVs the spikelet fertility of F\-1 obtained from test crosses be used
as a main standard in evaluation of parent compatibility.
&&&&对经离子束诱变的突变后代受测品系与籼、粳测验种测交F1 的黑染花粉率与小穗结实率的分析表明，两者相关不显著，建议在广亲和性品种筛选中宜以F1 小穗结实率作为亲本亲和性鉴定的主要指标。
&&&&On the basis of D62wxB, a new sterile line-D62wxA was successfully developed through D62A crossing with D62wxB and then backcrossing with D62wxB. Excepted for its mutant in the trait of endosperm, D62wxA was much similar to D62A in growth duration, agronomy and panicle traits, spikelet, fertility and combining ability.
&&&&D62wxA与D62A相比较,除胚乳性状差异显著外,两者在生育期、农艺性状、花器性状、花粉不育特性和配合力等方面的表现均十分相似。
&&&&Stuyies on the Basis of Unfulfilled Grain of Rice
Plant in Cold Region
Ⅲ.The Relationship between Dry Matter Production of Leaves,
Leaf Sheath and Culm and Spikelet Fertility
&&&&寒地水稻秕粒形成基础的研究Ⅲ.茎鞘叶物质生产与子粒结实的关系
&&&&Specific Spikelet Fertility as Indicator of Cold Tolerance at Booting Stage in Rice
&&&&水稻特定位颖花结实率作为孕穗开花期耐冷性鉴定指标
Spikelet fertility was used as indicator for cold tolerance at reproductive stage in the F2, F3 and F4 populations of cross between KMXBG and TW. 11, 10 and 9 loci for cold toleance were detected by ANOVA, while 7 QTLs, 4 QTLs and 3 QTLs for cold tolerance were detected by Mapmaker and MapQTL in F2) F3 and F4 populations, respectively.
&&&&5、以昆明小白谷／十和田杂交F_、F_3、F_4代自然低温条件下的结实率作为孕穗开花期耐冷性指标，用ANOVA共发现耐冷性位点F_2代11个、F_3代10个、F_4代9个；
&&&&When crossed to 10 indica testers spikelet fertility of F_1' with Xiu-Shui 117 were all higher than those with T8340,and the differ- ence of fertility between Xiu-Shui 117/indica and T8340/indica could be up to 39.6 percent points.
&&&&10个籼稻品种分别与秀水117和 T8340杂交,其F_1结实率均以秀水117/籼较高,成对F_1结实率的最大差值可达39.6个百分点。
查询“spikelet fertility”译词为用户自定义的双语例句&&&&我想查看译文中含有：的双语例句
为了更好的帮助您理解掌握查询词或其译词在地道英语中的实际用法，我们为您准备了出自英文原文的大量英语例句，供您参考。&&&&&&&&&&&& There was a continuous long period of high-temperature(M. H. T. >35℃) in July-Aug 1978, in Hubei province. It induced a higher spikelet sterility and a lower yield.Since 1979, we have intensively studied the spikelet fertility of two combinations of hybrid-midprice——"4-you No. 2", "Shan-you No.2"——in relation to natural high-temperature (M. H. T. >35℃.) and low relative humidity of air, by hanging a plate on every panicle in flowering time and signing every spikelet with colour paint at anthesis... There was a continuous long period of high-temperature(M. H. T. >35℃) in July-Aug 1978, in Hubei province. It induced a higher spikelet sterility and a lower yield.Since 1979, we have intensively studied the spikelet fertility of two combinations of hybrid-midprice——"4-you No. 2", "Shan-you No.2"——in relation to natural high-temperature (M. H. T. >35℃.) and low relative humidity of air, by hanging a plate on every panicle in flowering time and signing every spikelet with colour paint at anthesis time every day. Some important results obtained are as follows.1. Effects of natural high-temperature on spikelet ferility of hybrid rice are essentially due to the pollination and fertilization of rice flowers being affected directly by natural high-temperature, which induced a higher steriliy and a lower fertility of spikelets. Moreover, it was observed that the normal anthesis sequence on the panicles was confused.2. Under natural conditions the most sensitive periods of every spikelet susceptible to high-temperature are: (1)the due time at
and (2)the time 1-3 days after anthesis. The second period sensitive to high-temperature is apparently different from that of the conventional varieties of rice.3. The critical susceptible high-temperature inducing empty grains may be>34℃. on hybrid rice combination "4-you No.2" and>36℃. on "Shah-you No.2." Thus "Shan-you No.2" is. more tolerant to hightemperature than "4-you No.2" and could adapt to broader cultural conditions.4. At the due time of anthesis, the air relative humidity (R. H.) in panicle layer could also affect the fertility of hybrid rice evidently. The higher spikelet sterility is the result caused by high-temperature and low-humidity simutaneously. If the air R. H. level could be maintained in 60-80%, the affection of high-temperature would be weakened.本省在月间,出现长期持续高温,使杂交中稻发生严重空壳减产。我们从1979年开始,采用两个杂交中稻组合——四优2号和汕优2号——通过花期逐穗挂牌和每天开花时用多色油漆标记每一颖花的方法,详细研究杂交水稻结实性与天然高温(日最高气温>35℃)和低湿的关系,主要结果如下。1.天然高温对杂交稻结实率的影响主要是影响授粉受精作用,从而增加空壳率,降低结实率,并扰乱穗部枝梗上颖花的开花顺序及结实率的分布规律。2.在自然高温条件下杂交稻每一颖花受高温为害最敏感的时期是:(1)开花当日当时;(2)开花后1—3日。第二个敏感时期,显著不同于常规水稻品种。3.开花时致害的临界高温,四优2号约为34℃以上,汕优2号约为36℃以上。表明汕优2号较耐高温,具有较广的适应性。4.开花时穗层的空气相对湿度也明显影响着杂交稻的结实性。空壳率高是高温低湿同时作用的结果。如果空气湿度维持在60—80%,可减弱高温影响。 Genetic affininity among 3 Asian rice ecotypcs(bulu, aus and upland)was studied on the basis of pollen and spikelet fertility in 146 F_1 hybrids involving 13 parents. The mean pollen fertility ranged from 49.7％ to 99.9％ and spikelet fertility varied from 9.7％ to 96.5％. F_1 fertility appeard to be associated with one of the specific parents.Ciosses involving Kinandang patong which showed low general combinining ability, produced less fertile F_1＇s; whereas crosses involving 63-83 which... Genetic affininity among 3 Asian rice ecotypcs(bulu, aus and upland)was studied on the basis of pollen and spikelet fertility in 146 F_1 hybrids involving 13 parents. The mean pollen fertility ranged from 49.7％ to 99.9％ and spikelet fertility varied from 9.7％ to 96.5％. F_1 fertility appeard to be associated with one of the specific parents.Ciosses involving Kinandang patong which showed low general combinining ability, produced less fertile F_1＇s; whereas crosses involving 63-83 which had high general combining ability produced high fertile F_1＇s. Varieties within each ecotypes showed a wide variation in fertility. An wider genetic differentiation has formed among the upland varieties than in the bulu and aus ecotypes. No significant differences were found in the mean F_1 pollen fertility of bulu/upand (85,5 ％), bulu/aus(83.2％ )and upland/aus(85.3％), indicating that high cross compa- tibility existed among the 3 ecotypes which appeared to be closely related.The mean spikelet fertility ranked as follows: upland/aus (77.7％), bulu/upland (70.4％)and bulu/aus(65.3％).The affinity between bulu and upland as well as between upland and aus are slightly higher than the affinity between bulu and aus. The diallel analysis in the 7×7 parent set magnified varietal differences. The computed genetic components suggested that the variations were due to the dominance and additive effects.根据13个亲本146个F_1的花粉育性和小穗育性,研究了亚洲栽培稻三个生态型(布鲁、奥斯及陆稻)的遗传亲和性。F_1花粉育性的变动范围为49.7—99.9％,小穗育性则为9.7—96.5％。F_1育性和某一特定亲本有关,Kinandang Patong等亲本一般配合力较低,后代育性差;63—83等亲本配合力高,杂种育性亦高。生态型内已有遗传分化,陆稻的遗传分化大于奥斯和布鲁。杂种花粉育性的平均数布鲁×陆稻为85.5％,奥斯×陆稻为85.3％,布鲁×奥斯为83.2％,说明三个生态型杂交亲和性高,亲缘相近。杂种小穗育性的平均数则为:陆稻×奥斯77.7％,陆稻×布鲁70.4％,布鲁×奥斯65.3％。陆稻与布鲁及奥斯的亲和性略高于布鲁与奥斯。7×7双列分析扩大了品种间差异,计算的遗传组成表明,F_1育性变动可主要归因于加性及显性效应。 Guangluai 4,an indica variety distributed along the Yangtze river basin,was used for inducing tetraploid.Triploids were obtained by crossing the tetraploids with diploids,and then various aneuploids were selected and assayed in the progeny of the triploids by natural crossing with diploids.The triploid had great grains and short awns.The spikelet fertility of triploid plants was 2.95%.The number of chromosomes was varied in the progeny of the triploids.There were diploids and various aneuploids with chromosomes... Guangluai 4,an indica variety distributed along the Yangtze river basin,was used for inducing tetraploid.Triploids were obtained by crossing the tetraploids with diploids,and then various aneuploids were selected and assayed in the progeny of the triploids by natural crossing with diploids.The triploid had great grains and short awns.The spikelet fertility of triploid plants was 2.95%.The number of chromosomes was varied in the progeny of the triploids.There were diploids and various aneuploids with chromosomes from 25 to 35,but the aneuploids with more then 30 chromosomes were malformed and sterile.In 114 plants analysed,there were 6 diploids (5.26%),108 aneuploids (94.74%) including 38 trisomics (33.33%).The outstanding features of each trisomic are enumerated as follows:Triplo-1 is grassy.Triplo-2 has longer emptly glumes.Triplo-3 has long awms.Triplo-4 is sterile.Triplo-5 has twisted leaves with fine hairs.Triplo-6 has degenerated spikelets at the tips of panicle.Triplo-7 has semirolled leaves and incompletely exserted panicle.Triplo-8 has rolled leaves and shortened grains.Triplo-9 is stort with great grains.Triplo-10 has fine.foliage and stems.Triplo-11 is pseudo-normal.Triplo-12 is the tallest among the trisomics and the disomics,which is very conspicuous.利用长江流域早熟籼稻品种广陆矮四号通过秋水仙碱处理诱导同源四倍体,进而通过杂交获得三倍体。研究了由三倍体产生的各种非整倍体类型。培育出了一套籼稻品种广陆矮四号的初级三体。 除了三体_(11)和二倍体相似,其它11个初级三体都有明显不同的形态学特点,可依照这些特点互相区别。&nbsp&&&&&相关查询
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