在状语从句中,当从句与主句的主语一致时,那么是从句用人称代词,还是主句用人称代词e.gBefore he decided to be an actor ,Simon had seen a film with Brad Pitt .Before Simon decided to be an actor ,he had seen a film with Brad Pitt .哪一个是对的呢?在状语从句中,当从句与主句的主语一致时,那么是从句用人称代词,主句用名词,还是从句用名词,主句用人称代词?
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主句用名词,从句用代词.肯定的说.
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分词做状语
范文一：现在分词做状语现在分词作状语一．现在分词作状语时的几种形式：二．现在分词短语作状语可以表示时间、伴随、原因、方式、结果、条件等。1. 作伴随状语时相当于and连接的两个动词或分句。The dog came in, following its master.= The dog came in. It followed its master.2.作原因状语时相当于as, since, because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首。3作时间状语时常位于句首，一般式doing相当于when, while 引导的时间状语从句，完成式having done相当于after引导的时间状语从句。4.作条件状语时相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Knowing anything about it, I will tell you all. =If I know anything about it, I will tell you all.5.作结果状语时表示结果。Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children.6.作让步状语时相当于although, though, even if, even though引起的让步状语从句。Buying a lot of books for the exam, he failed in it because of the learning method.=Although he had bought a lot of books for the exam, he failed in it because of thelearning method.7.Walking slowly,I approached （靠近）little window.三．现在分词做状语需注意的几个问题1. 注意句中的and例一："Can't you read?" Mary said_____________to the notice.A. angrily pointing
B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed
D. and angrily pointing【分析】答案为A，这道考查了现在分词作伴随状语的用法。B项pointing应改为分词的此种用法相当于and连接的并列谓语动词，因此C项缺少连接并列谓语动词的例二：_______ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed【分析】答案为A，容易误选成B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。根据句中的连词and 为下面的例句，则答案为B：_______ the road round to the right, you’ll find his house.A. Follow
B. Following
C. To follow
D. Followed例三：She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor’s office.A. put
C. putting
D. having put【分析】答案为A，容易误选成B或C。句中的took, ran, put, drove 为四个并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。2. 现在分词作伴随状语和不定式作目的状语的区别:The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president.A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. prepared
D. was preparing【分析】答案为B，现在分词作伴随状语。A项不定式作目的状语，如果没有逗号则可以选A；如果将逗号改为and,则选C，即并列谓语动词。3. 分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和谓语动词的主语一致。按照英语习惯，非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致，否则就应调整句子结构。如： ________your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A. Having checked
C. If you check
D. To check【分析】答案为C ，该题如果要选A，应改将句子改为: Having checked your composition carefully, you can avoid some spelling mistakes.4. 现在分词的一般式doing所表示的动作与句中的谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生。现在分词的完成式having done所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，如:Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio.注意：如果两个动作之间，发生在前的一个用谓语动词来表示，那么发生在后的动作就不能用分词，而只能采用并列的谓语动词来表示。如:She set out soon after dark________ home an hour later.A. arriving
B. to arrive
C. having arrived
D. and arrived【分析】答案为D，容易误选成A或C，arrive这个动作发生在set out之后，而C项having arrived表示的动作是先于谓语动词set out发生，明显与题干中的later相冲突。5. 如果现在分词的主语与主句的主语不一致，现在分词就应该有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构，或独立主格。结构为：名词或代词+现在分词 例一：Father came home,_________A.a dog following him
B.a dog followed himC.being followed by a dog
D.all the above【分析】答案为A，容易误选成B或C。followed表被动关系，狗跟着人而不是狗被跟着所以B项是错的。C项being done表示正在被跟着，但是根据主句中父亲到家，C项也是错的，改成followed by a dog就对了。注意：独立主格的时态问题：独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如：The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。 实战演练：1. Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.A. lain open B. lying open
C. lie opened D. lay opened2.The lawyer listened with full attention, __________to miss any point.A. not trying
B. trying not
C. to try not
D. not to try3. _________the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.A. Having searched
B. To search
C. searching
D. Search4. The lecture __________ ，he left his seat so quietly that no one complained that his leaving disturbed the speaker．A．began
B．beginning
C．having begun D．being beginning5. A middle aged woman came _________to the bus stop only ___________the bus had gone.A. to find
B. to find
C. finding
D. finding
1-5. B B D C B原文地址：
范文二：过去分词做状语I． 过去分词作状语所表示的意义：过去分词短语作状语，可表示时间，原因，条件等，可发展为一个状语从句。过去分词作状语可分为：
一般式 (done) 表示分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或分词动作发生于谓语动作之前。完成式 (having been done) 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。例如：Scolded (As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.
由于被老师批评了，那个女孩低着头坐在那儿。II．过去分词作状语时的具体用法：1．过去分词作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。例如：Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.当他被问问题的时候,他低下了头。2．过去分词作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：Frightened (=Because / As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.因为害怕老虎, 这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。3．过去分词作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里， 这些种子能长得很快。Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better.如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。注意：此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。4．过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。例如：Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。5． 过去分词作状语表示伴随动作或状态。例如：The teacher entered the classroom, (and he was) followed by a group of students.
老师进入教室，后面跟着一帮学生。练一练：1. ________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait
B. Have waitedC. Having waited
D. To have waited2. ________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.A. Attracting
B. AttractedC. To be attracted
D. Having attracted3. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins
B. having begunC. beginning
D. begun4. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.A. Exposed
B. Having exposedC. Being exposed
D. After being exposed5. Price of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are bought
B. boughtC. been bought
D. buying参考答案： 1—5 CBDCB阅读详情：
范文三：现在分词做状语现在分词做状语现在分词作状语时，分词动作与主语之间常构成主谓关系，说明谓语动作发生的原因、方式、时间、条件、结果、伴随等方面的情况。如：In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, ______ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. (2009福建)A. marking
C. having marked
D. being markedA small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____ all four people on board. (2009上海)A. killed
B. killing
D. to kill【重点归纳】现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如：Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my study. (误)Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study. (正)Note: 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为: 独立主格结构。1. 现在分词的时态现在分词有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done)之分；现在分词的完成式表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。如：___C___ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (2008福建)A. Waiting
B. To wait
C. Having waited
D. To have waited2. 现在分词的语态现在分词一般式的被动语态(being done)表示某被动动作正在进行；现在分词完成式的被动语态(having been done)表示某被动动作发生在谓语动作之前。如：_____D___ many times, he finally understood it. （2009四川）A. Told
B. Telling
C. Having told
D. Having been told3. 现在分词的否定式现在分词的否定形式是由not 加现在分词构成的。如：__C____ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. (2008浙江)A. Not realized
B. Not to realize
C. Not realizing
D. Not to have realized一.现在分词时间状语：Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式）Having read the letter, she got very excited.（完成式）注①：现在分词作时间,：如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生，用现在分词完成式。分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语.Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. （一般式）Having arrived at the factory, they immediately set to work. （完成式）注②：在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while,when，介词after, before,on.例句：Be careful when crossing the street.穿过街道时要当心！Don’t mention this while talking to him.跟他谈话时，别提这个！On arriving in London, he managed to get in touch with her.一到伦敦，他就设法与她联系。=As soon as he arrived in London, ….练习：1一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。_____________________________________________________________________2在完成了家庭作业后，这个男孩被允许看电视剧。_____________________________________________________________________二 现在分词做条件状语
（一般置于句首）现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。例句：Working hard, you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed.如果你努力工作，你会成功的。练习：如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。_______________________________________________________________________________________________.三 现在分词在句中作原因状语
（一般置于句首）例句：Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助老师。练习：因为与那个女孩一起生活了五年，我们都非常了解她。______________________________________________________________________________________________.四：现在分词做方式或伴随状语例句：他轻轻地哼着小曲，走下山来。He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.这个人躺在路边，流着血，昏了过去！Bleeding and fainting , the man lay by the road.练习：孩子们笑着，开心地谈论着，跑出了教室。_____________________________________________________________________________________________五：.现在分词作结果状语：
（多用于句尾）现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。例句：他丈夫1942年就离世了，留下她和五个孩子。Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children.练习：他关上灯，什么都看不见了。_________________________________________________________________________________________六.现在分词短语在句中作让步状语分词短语在句中作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。例句: 虽说承认她所说的话， 但是 我还是认为她没有尽自己最大的努力。Admiting what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.练习：虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪动了。___________________________________________________________________________________________分词作状语练习1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
(上海2001春)A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Having suffered D. Being sufferedB. the area was searched thoroughly D. she hurried to a policeman for help C. to hope
D. hope 2. Finding her car stolen, _______.
(上海2001) A. a policeman was asked to help C. it was looked for everywhere
3. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
(上海2000)4. While building a tunnel through the mountain, _______.
(上海2000春)A. an underground lake was discoveredB. there was an underground lake discoveredC. a lake was discovered undergroundD. the workers discovered an underground lake5. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into thewoods.
(上海2004春)A. disappearedB. disappeared C. disappearing(北京2004)A. To wait(NMET 1998)A. making
B. makesC. made
D. to make 8. ______ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. (广东2004) A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completedA. lacked
D. Having not completed
C. lacking
D. lacked in
B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited D. disappearing 6. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
7. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.
9. Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. (上海2002) B. lacking of10. Having been attacked by terrorists, _______.
(上海2004)A. doctors came to their rescue
B. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists11._______ yesterday, we went out for a walk.A As a fine day
B It was a fine day C It being a fine day D For it was a fine day12. _______ to living in Tian jin for quite a few years, Mr. Park has little difficulty understanding Chinese.A Accustomed B To be accustomed C Accustoming D Being accustomed13 In the early year of 2008, cruel snowstorms hit southern China, ____ great transportation problems in some areas.A causing B caused C to cause
D having caused14 Hillary Clinton arrived in Beijing yesterday, ______ the start of her short visit to China.A marked B having marked C marking D to mark15. Obama’s African father returned Kenya when he was 2, _______ him _____ by his white, Kansas-born mother in Hawaii.A to be raised B left, to be raised C raising D raised阅读详情：
范文四：现在分词短语做状语语法知识篇：作状语的现在分词短语现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。下面分述如下：一、作时间状语如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。例如：①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.(＝When they heard the news，they...)
听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。②Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.他慢慢地走过草地，把枪对准狮子就射击了。③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.有一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时，在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是①Having watered the flowers(＝After／When he had watered the flowers)，he began to cut the grass.他把花浇好后，开始割草。②Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。③Hearing the footstep below(＝When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.听见下面脚步声，他站起身来走到楼梯口去。④Seeing a large cake flying through the air，the driver pulled up quickly.司机看见一只大蛋糕在空中掠过，赶紧刹车。二、作方式状语现在分词作方式状语很容易与伴随状语、同位语、定语相混淆。试分析下列句子：...But later，people developed a way of printing，using rocks.……但是以后，人们利用石块发展了印刷术。有人对该句using rocks提出了以下看法：1)把它视作相当于一个非限制性定语从句。2)把它视作a way of printing的同位语。3)把它视作状语，表示伴随情况或方式。笔者赞成第三种看法，表示方式状语(但不是伴随状语)。因为句中using rocks表明人们用什么方法发明了一种印刷方法，是涉及到用how或by what means的回答问题，所以，如果把句中using前的逗号去掉，改为by，则句意保持不变。又如：He earns a living by driving.他靠开卡车谋生。They would be ableto reply to our signals by using similar methods.他们将能用同样的方法回答我们的信号。三、作目的状语例如：①Pappy ran out to the gate and told him not to come fooling(＝to fool)round there no more.
巴比跑到大门口去叫他不要再到这儿来游荡。(钱歌川，《英语疑难详解》P237)②The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.(＝in order to beg for a meal)六个瞎子站在那儿要饭。四、作结果状语例如：①I thought he was making fun of me，and ran faster than ever，reaching(＝so that I reached)the school yard quite out of breath.我想他在拿我开玩笑，就越发跑得快了，到达校园时已经上气不接下气。②Her husband died ten years ago，leaving her with three children to look after.她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个孩子。五、作伴随状语伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。例如：
①He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper.他坐在扶手椅里读报。②All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。六、作原因状语现在分词短语作原因状语，尤其是be，feel，know，recognize，fear等状态动词的现在分词(短语)，以及现在分词的否定式用作状语时，通常表示原因。例如：①Being sick，I stayed at home.我因病呆在家中。②Not knowing her address，I can't write to her.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。③Not having done(＝As he has not done)his homework，he stayed at home.由于他没完成作业，只好呆在家里。七、作条件状语例如：Taking(＝If you take)the path that leads out of the town，you will come to a dense wood.
如果你沿着通向郊外的小道前进，就会走到一片密林处。八、起补充说明作用现在分词短语起补充说明的作用与伴随状语有些相似，但严格地说，它不是伴随状语，因为它所表达的情景不与句子的动作相伴而产生，实际上，它起着补充说明的作用，相当于一个并列分句，但比分句简洁、明快。例如：①My train leaves at six，arriving in Chicago at ten.＝...and will arrive in Chicago at ten.②The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.＝...and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.(文/山东临沂刘泽森里传芳；英语辅导报初中教师版03-04第20期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行传播。)阅读详情：
范文五：现在分词做定语及状语现在分词(V-ing)作定语和状语课前预习案学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。动词--ing形式作定语和状语I.ing 形式作定语1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人,,,,”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.II. ing 形式作状语动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.因为生病，她今天没上学去。2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。3).Be careful when crossing the street.过街时小心。3. 伴随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.他们又说又笑地走进房间。4. 结果状语。1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。5. 条件状语。Turning right, you will find the place you want.往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。III.现在分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.从山顶望下去，我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词,,,,表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.由于许多人都缺席了，他们决定取消这次会议。IV. 现在分词的否定形式。现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing完成式的否定式:not+ having doneNot having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。V. 现在分词的时态和语态的用法。1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.他走在街上，不时地向身后看看2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用分词的完成式形式。Having finished his work, Henry went home.完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。语法聚焦预习自测1._________ her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。2. ____________________, we will go there on foot.天气好的话，我们将步行去那里。3.___________________, I met Mary.上学时我遇见了玛丽。4. I turn off the light, ____________________.我把灯关了，所以什么也看不见。5. _____________________, you will succeed.
努力工作，你就会成功。6. _____________________ his letter, I decided to write to him. 没收到他的来信，我决定给他写信。7. The building __________(build) now is our new library.8. __________________________(give) such a good chance, how could you let it slip away?9. He stood, __________(lean) against the wall/10. The song is sung all over the country, _______ (make) it the most popular song.答案：1. Not knowing
2. Weather permitting3. While going to the school
4. seeing nothing5. Working hard
6. Not receiving
7. being built8. Having been given
9. leaning
10. making课内探究案探究总结动词-ing的用法教学建议：如何判断非谓语动词的形式和动词-ing的各种形式是重点，帮助学生形成判断的依据和规则，注意v-ing作状语时的特性：时间性、语态性和主语一致性。1. 动词的-ing形式做状语时表示什么含义？____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。2.动词的-ing形式变化：主动形式被动形式一般式完成式答案：主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done3. 现在分词的否定形式是什么？____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:现在分词的否定形式：现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing完成式的否定式:not+ having doneII. 学以致用一、词汇运用1. It rained heavily in the south，
serious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津）A. caused
B. having caused
C. causing
D. to cause2.
at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京）A. Looking
C. To look
D. Looked3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms.（2010 江苏）A. enabling
B. having enabledC. to enable
D. to have enabled4 The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.（2010 江西）A keep
D to keep5. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,
supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建）A. sending
B. to sendC. having sent
D. to have sent6. He had a wonderful childhood， _______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽)A. travel
B.to travel.
C. traveled
D. traveling7. Dina,
for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南）A. struggling
B. struggledC. having struggled
D. to struggle8. The lawyer listened with full attention，
to miss any point．（2010 四川）A．not trying
B．trying notC．to try not
D．not to try9. The news shocked the public, _______to great concern about students’ safety at school.（2010 重庆）A. having led B. ledC. leading
D. to lead答案：1. CAACA
6. DCBCⅢ.学贵有疑——我思考，我收获！学习建议：结合以上学习，请你用3-5分钟的时间与同学自由质疑和答惑。Ⅳ.我的收获——反思静悟、体验成功——请写出本堂课学习中，你认为感悟最深的一至两条收获。阅读详情：
范文六：英语过去分词做状语Past Participle As the adverbial
过分作状语 for their expertise, his parents’ company ….. 一、基本概念1、过去分词作状语：过去分词兼有动词?副词和形容词的特征。过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。2、vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。二、掌握过去分词作状语可从以下几个方面考虑。（一）理清过去分词作状语时与句子的主语的关系1. 过去分词作状语时，过去分词与主句中的主语形成逻辑上的被动关系，有时也表示动作已完成。 例如：Seen in the dark night，lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky.(seen表示被动，分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生)Scolded by the teacher，the girl began to cry.被老师责怪，女孩哭了起来。(scolded表示被动且动作已完成)【考例1】____ into use in April 2000， the hotline was meant for residents reporting waterand heating supply breakdowns.A. Put
B. Putting
C. Having put
D. Being put【解析】选A。主句主语the hotline与put into use逻辑上是被动关系，排除B?C；D项表示正在进行的被动与句子意思不符。所以用过去分词put短语作状语。2. 有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构，因此他们作状语时与主句的主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，但仍然用过去分词形式。例如：Lost in thought, she nearly ran into a tree.陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。(lost意为“迷失的”，与逻辑主语连接起来相当于Because she was lost,,，作原因状语)与lost类似的过去分词还有disappointed， dressed， determined， devoted， tired， exhausted， prepared， seated， caught等。【考例2】After his journey from abroad， Richard Jones returned home， ____.A. exhausted
B. exhausting
C. being exhausted
D. having exhausted【解析】选A。exhausted意为“筋疲力尽的”，由过去分词演变成形容词作伴随状语。二. 注意过去分词作状语时在句中的位置作状语的过去分词或短语可置于句子的前?后或中间，但是必须用逗号隔开以便与主句分开。The PE teacher stood in the middle of the playground， surrounded by a group of students.
那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。(过去分词作伴随状语)【考例1】 ____ by the beauty of nature， the girl from London decided to spend another twodays on the farm.A. Attracting
B. Attracted
C. To be attracted
D. Having attracted【解析】选B。句子的主语the girl与attract是动宾关系或说是被动关系，所以要用过去分词短语作状语。（二）掌握过去分词作状语与状语从句的变换过去分词作状语在功能上相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间?原因?条件?方式?伴随?让步等。所以经常会遇到过去分词前带有once， when， while， if， as if， even if， though， unless等连词，我们将这种结构看成在连词与过去分词之间省略了与主句相同的主语和系动词be。例如：Once published， this book will be popular with the students.=Once it is published，this bookwill be popular with the students.这本书一旦出版，它将会受到学生们的欢迎。(过去分词作时间状语。注：分词前once可省略)【考例1】____ with the size of the whole earth， the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compare
B. When compared
C. Comparing
D. When comparing【解析】选B。主句中的 the biggest ocean与compare形成逻辑上的被动关系，因此要用过去分词。【考例2】No matter how frequently ____， the works of Beethoven still attract people allover the world.A. performed
B. performing
C. to be performed
D. being performed【解析】选A。动词perform与句子的主语the works是动宾关系，故要选过去分词performed，实际上相当于让步状语从句No matter how they are frequently performed， ,,。三、过去分词作状语时的具体用法：1．过去分词作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。例如：Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.当他被问问题的时候,他低下了头。2．过去分词作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：Frightened (=Because / As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone. 因为害怕老虎, 这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。3．过去分词作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better.如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。注意：此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。4．过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。例如：Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。5．过去分词作状语表示伴随动作或状态。例如：The teacher entered the classroom, (and he was) followed by a group of students.老师进入教室，后面跟着一帮学生。五. 独立主格结构如果句中过去分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，这时必须在过去分词前加上主格的逻辑主语。这就叫作独立主格结构。例如：The town seen from the hill，we can see it more clearly.=If the town is seen from the hill， wecan see it more clearly.如果从山上看这座城市，我们能看得更清楚。Everything taken into consideration，the party was a success.将所有的事情考虑在内，晚会算是成功的。(taken的逻辑主语不是the party，所以添加其真正的主语everything)【考例1】He sat silently，____.A. eyes are closed
B. his eyes closing
C. eyes closed
D. eyes to close【解析】选C。眼睛闭着表示伴随状态，如果只用过去分词closed，则前后逻辑主语不一致，所以在其前面加上eyes作逻辑主语，eyes closed还可用介词with引导，eyes closed=with his eyes closed。六、综合练习（一）英文翻译成中文1. Followed by some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.2. He stood there silently, moved to tears.3. Given better attention, the trees could grow better.4. Sugar, when mixed with water, dissolves quickly.5. Although tired, I must go on working.6. You should go to sleep with the light turned off.7. Without anything left in the kitchen, we decided to eat out.8. The test finished, we began our holiday.9. More time given, we should have done it much better.10. Interested in the interesting book, I finally decided to buy it.（二）中文翻译成英文1、从山顶上看，我们学校看起来很美。2、液体被加热会变成气体。3、在讨论了多次之后, 问题终于解决了。4、从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。5、被自然美迷住了，来自伦敦的那个姑娘决定在农场再呆两天。6、由于在农村出生并长大, 他对生物很感兴趣。7、再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。8、如果种在肥沃的土壤里, 这些种子能长得很快。9、尽管被许多人嘲笑, 他还是继续他的研究。10、尽管已经爬得筋疲力尽，那位老人决定爬到山顶。参考答案：（一）英译中1、被一些官员跟随着, 拿破仑视察了他的军队。2、他静静地站在那里, 被感动得热泪盈眶。3、若管理得好一些，这些树木会生长得更好些。4、糖与水混合很快就溶解。5、我虽然累了，但必须继续干。6、你应该把灯熄了再睡。7、厨房里没有剩下任何东西，我们决定出去吃。8、考试结束了, 我们开始放假。9、如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。10、对这本有趣的书感兴趣，我最终决定买了它。（二）英译中1.Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks beautiful.2.Heated, liquids can be changed into gases.3.Discussed (Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last.6.Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.5.Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.4.Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.7.Given another chance, he will do better.8.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.9.Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.10.Exhausted by the climbing, the old man was determined to get to the top of the hill.阅读详情：
范文七：分词做状语讲与练分词做状语讲与练动词-ing在语法功能上相当于动词、形容词和副词。现在分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。但要注意它地 各种形式变化：主动形式
被动形式一般式
being V-ed完成式
having V-ed
having been V-edHearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom.
听见和进入两个动作同时发生The building being built now is our new library.
being built为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。 Having done the work, he went home.
完成了工作，他就回家了。现在分词做状语现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果 条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。a.表示时间。例如：Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a Magnificent（壮观的） view.He went out shutting the door behind him.
强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，现在分词之前可用连词when
或while。例如：When leaving the airport, they waved again to us.While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought to be a meteorite（流星）.b.表示原因。例如Being sick, I stayed at home.
She caught cold sitting on the grass.c.表示条件。例如：Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.)d.表示让步。例如：Admitting（承认） what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.e.表示结果。例如：It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990, and left
her with her younger brother.)f.表示方式或伴随情况。作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示地动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)Laughing and talking they went into the classroom.He stood leaning against the wall.(＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)g 与逻辑主语构成独立主格：All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词宾格）+分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep.
他点着灯睡着了。(7)作独立成分：Judging from (by) his appearance, he must be an actor.
从外表看，他一定是个演员。在高中阶段的英语学习中，怎样才能巧记分词做状语？一:必须了解分词做状语的基本含义及用途---分词做状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式及伴随等； 二：要弄清分词的逻辑主语。一般来讲，分词做状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。①分词对于逻辑主语而言，如果是主动发出时，需用动词的-ing形式：例：Seeing from the hill（When we see from the hill）, we can find our city is very beautiful.Giving his extra money to the poor (When he gives his extra money to the poor), he feels very happy. ②分词对于逻辑主语而言，是被动发出时，需用动词的过去分词done形式：例：Seen from the hill (When our city is seen from the hill), our city looks very beautiful.Given more time (If I am given more time), I can finish the work on time.③分词动作与主句动作相比，明显先于主句动作之前发出时，则需用动词的having done 形式：例：Having done the homework（After he had finished the homework）, Tom went to bed.Having finished the composition (After he has finished the composition), he decides to go out for a walk. ④英语中的固定短语作状语时，是不受主句主语限制的，即不需要考虑用动词的主动形式（-ing）或被动形式（done）常见短语：be determined to，be faced with. be satisfied with， generally speaking， judging from/by 等：
例：Faced with difficulty, one should not give up.
Generally speaking, it takes long for one to adapt to a new life.实战练习：1.He sent me an e-mail, ______ to get further information.(2000,上海)A. hoped
C. to hope
解析：hope与句子主语he是主动关系2. ______in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United. (2000,上海)A. Being founded
B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding答案：C
解析：found与句子主语Harvard是被动关系，且动作已经完成。B项缺少连词。3. _____ such heavy pollution already, it may not be too late to clear up the river. (2001, NMET)A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered答案：A解析：suffer与句子主语it是主动关系，且根据already应用现在分词的完成式4.
___________, we were taken to see the library. (西城四月模拟A. We had been shown the classroom
Being shown the classroomC.Having been shown the classroom
Having shown the classroom答案：C 解析：本句没有连词所以不能选A。show和句子主语we之间是被动关系，且先于谓语动词were taken发生，所以用分词的完成被动式。5. Finding her car stolen, _________.A. a policeman was asked to help
the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhere
she hurried to a policeman for help答案D 解析题干中用了现在分词说明它与句子主语间应为主动关系，只有D项的主语符合这种逻辑要求。6. The manager, _____his factory’s product were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A. knowing
C. to know
D. being knowing答案：A解析：know与句子主语the manager是主动关系，且与谓语动词无先后关系。7. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.（2003,北京）A. Having given
B. To give
D. Given答案：D
解析：give与句子主语he是被动关系且与句子谓语动词没有先后关系8. _____ in the queue half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(2004,北京)A. To wait
B. Having waited
C. Have waited
D. To have waited答案：B解析：wait与主语Tom是主动关系，且先于谓语动词发生，所以用现在分词的完成式。9. _____ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(2004,广东)A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed答案：C 解析：complete与句子主语是主动关系，且与谓语动词有明显的先后关系，所以用现在分词的完成式。分词的否定式应将not放在分词前，故答案为C。10.
________, we’ll go camping tomorrow.A. Weather permits
B. Permitting C. Weather permitting
D. If weather will permit答案：C
解析：A项没有连词if所以不正确；D项时态错误；permit与句子主语we没有逻辑关系，所以应加其相应的逻辑主语，故C正确。全国统一高考分词做状语试题练习 （每题2分，满分100）1. _____ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.(２００６年全国卷Ｉ)?Ａ. Surprising
B. Surprised
C. Being surprised
D. To be surprising2. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketball, ___that all children like these thing.A. thinking
C. to think
D. thought3. _____ automatically, the e-mail will be received by all the club members.(2006年上海卷)Ａ. Mailed out
B. mailing out
C. To be mailed out
D. Having mailed out4. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always____the same thing.A. saying
D. having said5. When___different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. compared
B. being compared
C. comparing
D. having compared6. The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.
B. to have caused C. to cause
D. having caused7. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted,____away.
B. running
D. ran （2005年北京卷）A. To face
B. Having faced
D. Facing9. __ in a white uniform, he looks like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed10. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (２００４年湖北卷)A. Compare
B. When comparing
C. Comparing
D. When compared11. They set out ___for the ___ boy. A. losing
B. lost C. lost
D. losing12. The student sat there, ____ what to do.A. doesn’t knowing
B. didn’t knowing
C. not know
D. not knowing13. He sat there _____ , with his head on his hand.
A. and think
B. Thinking
C. thought
D. being thought14. The ____ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. add
D. added15. The stranger said something in _______ voice and the little girl was very much ________A. frightening, frightened
B. frightened, frightening
C. frightening,
frightening
D. frightened, frightened16. ________the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door.A. Playing
B. When I was playing
C. Repairing
D. Examining17. Mother caught the boy ___ in the corner.
B. to smoke
C. being smoked
D. smoking18. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken19. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed20. “We can’t go out in this weather”, said Bob, ___ out of the window.A. looking
B. to look
D. having looked21. Though __money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in22. The bell _______ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated discussion.A. interrupting B. interruptingC. interrupted
D. interrupted23. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered24. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put
B. to be putting
D. putting25. --- You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.--- Well, now I regret ________ that.
B. to be doing
C. to have done
D. having done26. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods.A. disappeared
B. disappeared
C. disappearing
D. disappearing27. ______in the queue of half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait
B. Have waite
C. Having waited
D. To have waited28. The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. Having hung
B. hanging
D. being hung29. ____suddenly, the girl with tearful eyes ran out of the office.
B. To turn
C. Turning
D. Turn30. The problem _______ at the meeting now is how to help the local economy develop quickly.A. discussing
B. discuss
C. being discussed
D. to be discussed31. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______ the answers ready will be of great help.A. To have had
B. Having had
D. Having32. I can’t stand _______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ________ talking while she works.A. stopping
B. stopping
C. to stop
D. to stop33. Peter received a letter just now __his grandma would come to see him soon.
A.said B.says
C.saying D. to say34．We're going to talk about the problem _______at the last meeting．A．was discussed
B．discussing
C．discussed
D．having been discussed35．_______ by the dog twice，he was afraid to go to my house again．A．Having bitten
B．Having been bitten
D．Being bitten36．This is a__movie and __everyone was ．A．moved，moving
B．moved，moved
C．moving，moved
D. moving，moving37．The teacher entered the classroom，__________ by a group of children．A．having followed
B．following
C．having been followed
D．followed38．The boy sat on the sofa，__________ TV program attentively．A．Watch
B．watched
C．watching
D．to watch39-What's made Ruth so upset?-___ three tickets to the folk music concert.
C. Because of losing
D. Since she lost40.His parents insist on ____________ to college.
A.he should go
C.his going
D.him to go41. The classroom wants __________.
C.to clean
D.cleaning42.We kept our _____ all night to frighten the wolves.A. burning fire
B. burnt fire
C fire burning
D. fire burnt43.Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there.A. he found a lot of people B. a lot of people wereC. he found a lot of people’s D. people were found 44.The plane crashed, its bombs _____ as it hit the ground.A. exploded
B. were exploded
C. exploding
D. were exploding45.He walked across the meeting room _____ everyone looking at her.
A. with B. as C. while D. when46.With the old man _____ the way, we had no trouble in finding that mysterious cave.A.leading B. led C. lead D. to be led47.______not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. Reminding
B. Reminded
C. To remind
D. Having reminded48. ______ many times, he finally understood it.
B. Telling
C. Having told
D. Having been told49. The play______ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. produced
B. being produced
C. to be produced
D. having been produced50.___to reach them on the phone，we sent an email, insteadA. Fail
C. To fail
D. Having failed答案： 1-5
21--2526-30
46-50Key: 1-5BAAAC;
6－10DBCAD
11-15BDBCA
16-20.BDBCA
21-25 CAADD
26-30 DCBCC
31--35 DCCCB
36-40 CDCBB
41-45 DCACA
46-50 ABDCD阅读详情：
范文八：现在分词做伴随状语现在分词作状语 (表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。)1. All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.2. The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.3. Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.4. He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.5. Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.6. Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.7. Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a lake.8. Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.9. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.10. Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.11. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.12. Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.13. Working hard, you'll succeed.14. Having received his letter, I decided to write back.15. Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep16. Working so hard, he failed again.17. They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.18. She threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.19. The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song.20. They eat using the fingers of their right hands.1)伴随
时间6)原因
原因11)方式
原因16)让步
方式至于XXX，doingXXX等不等于XXX，when
I XXX？如果是作时间状语就可以阅读详情：
范文九：现在分词做状语详解分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定)，如上面两句也可转换成：When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.After the work was finished, he went home.3. 高考实例When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江卷)A. comparedC. comparing
B. being compared D. having compared【分析】此题答案选C，分词短语when comparing different cultures相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。二、用作原因状语1. 典型例句Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了，所以只好走路。Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句，如上面三句也可转换成：As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.Because his car broken was down, he had to walk.Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London.3. 高考实例(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川卷)A. Faced
D. To face【分析】答案选A。现在分词短语faced with so much trouble可转换成原因状语从句because we were faced with so much trouble。(2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006福建卷)A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed【分析】答案选B。现在分词短语blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可转换成原因状语从句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。三、用作条件状语Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。United, divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句，如上面几句也可转换成：If you work hard, you will succeed.If we add them all up, we can find the answer.If we are united, if we are divided, we fall.If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.3. 高考实例______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京春)A. Having given
B. To give C. Giving
D. Given【分析】答案选D。give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，用过去分词，故选 D。分词短语 Given time 可转换成条件状语从顺 If he is given time。四、用作让步状语1. 典型例句Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.3. 高考实例No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷)A. performed B. performingC. to be performed D. being performed【分析】答案选A。现在分词短语performed在此相当于they are performed。No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们（指贝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次”。五、用作伴随状语1. 典型例句He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。2. 理解技巧理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。3. 高考实例(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷)A. do
B. to dofruits. (2006安徽卷)A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (2006江苏卷)A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____A___ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷)A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought【分析】以上四题答案分别为CBAA。C. doing
D. and doing (2)
My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh六、用作方式状语1. 典型例句He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作方式状语与用作伴随状语的情形比较接近。有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成by doing sth的结构，如上面第一句也可换成：He earns a living by driving a truck.注：近几年高考对分词用作方式状语的情形考得较少。七、用作结果状语1. 典型例句He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个儿子。分词作状语的用法一、用作时间状语1. 典型例句Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。2. 理解技巧It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下，车辆陷入泥沼，桥梁被水冲去。2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句，如上面两句也可转换成： He fired and killed one of the passers-by.He died and left his wife with five children.It rained and rained, and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washed out.3. 高考实例(1) He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (2005广东卷)A. noting
C. to note
D. having noted【分析】答案选A，此句也可换成：He glanced over at her and noted that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.(2) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2005山东卷)A. have reachedC. to reach
B. reaching D. to be reaching【分析】答案选B，此句也可换成：Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year and reached a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.阅读详情：
范文十：分词做状语详细例句分词做状语详细例句1时间状语Seeing from the top of the hill ,we can see the park clearlySeen from the top of the hill ,the park is beautifulSeeing her mother ,the baby stopped cryingSeeing the cat ,the moust ran awaySeeing from the space, the earth looks greenHearing his father’s voice ,the boy turned off the TV set at onceHearing their teache’s voice, the puiples stopped talking at onceHaving finished his homework, the boy went to bedHaving been shown Tianan’men Square ,the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum Having arrived at the farm ,the set to work immediatelyHaving watered the flowers ,he had a restWhen crossing the street ,be carefulOn hearing the good news ,they all jumped with joy2 原因状语Being poor ,he couldn’t afford to buy the carBeing a teacher ,she is very kind to her studentsBeing ill ,the boy didn’t go to school this morningNot
knowing his address ,I can’t get touch with himTaken good care of ,the old man is living a happy lifeBerried deep down in the earth ,the dead forests rotten away and became coalHaving lived in the city for many years ,he knows the city very wellHaving received his letter ,he decided to write backHaving been bitten by a snake ,she
was frightened at itHaving been told to stay in Beijing ,the young man decided not to go back his hometown Not having received a reply ,he decided to write a letter againCaught in a heavy rain ,he was all wet3伴随状语The old man often takes a walk ,followed by his dogThe dog often takes a walk ,following its ownerShe came in the room ,following her husbandShe came in the room ,followed bu her husbandAll night long ,he lay awake ,thinking of the problemHe
sat in the sofa ,read a newspaperHe stood there ,waching the children playing gamesThe six blind men stood there ,begging for meal4让步状语Living miles away ,he attended the courseTrained ten hours a day ,he will still be a foolWorking so hard ,he failed againHaving been told many times ,he still repeated the same mistakeHaving failed many times ,he didn’t lose heartExplained many time ,he still couldn’t understandThough lacking money ,his parents managed to seng him to universityThough warned the danger ,he still went skating on the thin ice5结果状语Her husband died ,leaving her with two sonsHe died ,leaving nothing for his wifeThe snow lasted for a week ,resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the
whole area Tt has rained for several day, causing the river to riseThe bus was held up by snowstorm thus causing the dalayHe was caught in the rain ,making him catch a coldThey all left ,leaving me alone thereEnglish is spoken by many people in the world ,making it the most popular language world6条件状语Heated , water can change into vaporHeating water ,we can change it into vaporWorking hard ,you will succeedAdding themall up ,we can fingd the answerGiven a few minutes ,I will
finish itTurning right ,you will find the stationListening to English every day ,you will learn it well step by stepUsing your head ,you will fingd a good way.Grown in the rich soil ,the plants can grow betterTaking the path ,you will come to a lake7 方式状语The boy went to school ,taking a busJack came here ,runningHe stood there ,leaning agains the wall in the阅读详情：