长时间占不到信道容量和传输速率资源,802.11速率协商会降低吗

[经典]802.11基本传输方式-信道竞争机制及QoS的实现机制【3】-
&&&&【提要】本篇《[经典]802.11基本传输方式-信道竞争机制及QoS的实现机制【3】_》由66test小编特别为需要经典综合文库的朋友收集整理,仅供参考。
&&&The DIFS is the minimum medium idle time for contention-based services. Stations may have immediate access to the medium if it has been free for a period longer than the DIFS.&&&&d) AIFS arbitration interframe space (used by the QoS facility)&&&&Defined by 802.11e,使用于无线QoS。The AIFS shall be used by QoS STAs to transmit all data frames, all management frames, and the following control frames: PS-Poll, RTS, CTS , BlockAckReq, and BlockAck . A STA using the EDCA shall obtain a TXOP for an AC if the STA’s CS mechanism determines that the medium is idle at the AIFS[AC] slot boundary , after a correctly received frame, and the backoff time for that AC has expired.&&&&e) EIFS extended interframe space&&&&It's used only by a station that has just received a bad or unknown frame to report the bad frame. The idea of giving this event the lowest priority is the fact that the receiver may have no idea of what is going on. It should wait a substantial time to avoid interfering with an ongoing dialog between two stations.&&&&根据802.11-2007种的定义, xIFS均由SIFS和Slot组合而成 ,具体相互对应的关系,&&&&The PIFS and DIFS are derived by the following equations, as illustrated in Figure 9-12.&&&&PIFS = aSIFSTime + aSlotTime&&&&DIFS = aSIFSTime + 2 × aSlotTime&&&&EIFS = aSIFSTime + DIFS + ACKTxTime&&&&AIFS[AC] = AIFSN[AC] × aSlotTime + aSIFSTime. (For No-AP, AIFSN>=2; For AP, AIFSN>=1)&&&&1.2.2.2 Backoff Time (Contention Window)&&&&如上图所示,一个运行DCF的无线Sta要获得发送报文的权力需要在链路检测为Idle状态后等待 “DIFS+Backoff Time” 时间,如果在这段时间内未检测到链路被占用才能发送报文, 如果在Backoff Time阶段发送信道被占用,则会将Backoff Time - Defered Time(刚才等待的时间)= 新的Backoff Time再进行下一轮的竞争; Backoff timer只有在检测到当前链路位空闲时才减数,当timer=0时,链路仍为空闲状态,则认为获取信道资源,立即发送报文。若当Backoff Time=0时报文仍未被成功发送,则翻倍CW并重新计算Backoff time。 (具体算法如下)&&&&Backoff Time = Random() × aSlotTime&&&&其中Radom = [0,CW] , CW属于[CWmin,CWmax] 。&&&&初始时CW=CWmin,则Backoff time为 [0,CWmin]中的随机值乘上SlotTime,并使用该Backoff Time进行竞争, 若Backoff Time到0时报文仍未发送,则CW值翻倍,并重新计算Backoff Time,以此类推,若发送不成功则CW值继续指数增长(x2),待CW=CWmax后,一直保持CW=CWmax,只有等到重传次数到达极限后(分为短包/长包重传最大次数,分别计数),放弃发送此包并复位CW为CWmin;若报文发送成功,则CW初始为CWmin。&&&&SlotTime 由PHY的速率决定,高速率时Slot值小,低速率时Slot值大;&&&&1.2.2.3 综合情况请看下图完整例子:&&&&二,802.11 QoS&&&&之前介绍的DCF中,各种数据报文之间是没有等级之分的。然而在实现中需要语音视频和普通数据报文需要区分,则802.11在现有的DCF的基础上通过802.11e来对其QoS架构进行了定义。&&&&QoS的目的在于区分不同报文的优先级并保证高优先级的报文被优先转发。
在802.11种DCF时,数据报文发送
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