英语什么时候能用到英语不定式的用法

英语动词不定式用法
英语动词不定式用法
【例如】 When to start the program remains undecided. The question is how to put the plansintospractice. 5)不定式作状语 a)不定式作状语表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后,来强调这种目的。 【例如】 To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts. Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country. Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4, he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension. b)不定式表示结果,特别是在so...as to, such...as to, only to...以及too...to等结构中的不定式表示结果。 【例如】 I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train already gone. She left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.No one is too old to learn. Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me? c)不定式常用来修饰形容词,构成下列词组:be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。 【例如】 Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup. It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy. I am willing to help you with your homework, for we are friends. 6)不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语:ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel, command, enable, encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have, inform, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch, warn, watch等。 【例如】 Because of the complexity of the modern equipments, most offices require secretaries to have specified training. He asked you to call him at ten o’clock. 将本页收藏到: 上一篇:关系从句中的谓语动词 下一篇:TheMore...,TheMore...
自然力(主体 用第五格)+动词(单数第三人称形式)+客体(第四格)4、表示器官的感觉和体验Веет ароматом роз 有一种玫瑰的香气。————主要成分用 短尾被动形动词(中性形式)来表示Не могу дозвониться. Занято.————主要成分用 短尾被动形动词(中性形式) 来表示————主要成分用 谓语副词 来表示A 特点:谓语副词能够表示人和环境的状态,表达不同的情态意义B 意义:1、 主要成分以-о结尾的谓语副词表示的无人称句:英语语法:不定式  不定式由& to十动词原形&构成,其否定形式是& not to do&.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用& for十名词或代词宾格&构成.1.不定式的用法:l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用 it作形式主语.例如:To see is to believe.It is right to give up smoking.英语不定式用法25
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英语不定式用法25
不定式(一);分为带TO与不带TO两类:;不带TO的情况:一:在情态动词之后,e.gYou;二;在情态成语之后,wouldrather/wo;but/cannothelpbut等e.gWec;三ratherthan/soonerthan为于;(凑合将就)/letdrop/letfall(有;wehaveamilliondollars.;五、在”let,mak
不定式 (一) 分为带TO与不带TO两类: 不带TO的情况:一:在情态动词之后,e.g You must do as you’re told.
二;在情态成语之后,would rather/would sooner/would as soon/cannot but/cannot help but等
e.g We could not but weep at the sad news.
三 rather than/sooner than为于句首时,为于句子其它位置时可带可不带
四:在“主动词+主动词”的第一主动词后 (make believe(假装)/make do(凑合 将就)/let drop/let fall(有意无意说出)/let fly(发出)/let slip(无意说出)/let go of(放开)/go hang(见鬼去吧)
e.g Let’s make believe we have a million dollars.
五、在”let,make,have 等使役动词+宾语。当使役动词为被动时就要还原to.
六.在see,hear,feel等感官动词+宾语后,为被动时都得还原to
七.如果except、but之前有动词do的某种形式,通常不带to 否则就带to
e.g They did nothing except work.
八.在why??/why not??之后
九.在一些口语中 e.g Go past / Try eat 不定式符号to与介词to的辨别: 动词+介词to:常见搭配有:add to(增加) / agree to / admit to(承认)/ adhere to(坚持)/ allude to(暗示)/ amount to(总计)/ attend to(注意)/ attest to(证明)/ bow to(顺从)/ cling to(坚持)/ come to / correspond to(相当于)/ confess to(承认)/ consent to(答应)/ object to(反对)/ pertain to(属于)/ react to(反应)/ resort to(诉诸)/ revert to(回复旧习惯)/ refer to / submit to(顺从)/ succeed to(继承)/ stick to / swear to(强调地说)/ take to(从事)/ trust to(依赖)/ witness to(作证)/ yield to(让步屈服)等 e.g He admitted to having taken the money. 动词+名词、代词+介词to:ascribe?to(归因于) / apply?to(致力于) / abbreviate?to(缩写为) / accustom?to(使习惯于) / dedicate?to(奉献) / owe?to(归功于) / reconcile?to(安于) / reduce?to(使变小,降低) / resign?to(听任)等
e.g He attributes his success to hard work. Be+ed分词+介词to:be accustomed to / be reduced to / 等以上的词皆可 e.g He was reduced to begging for food. 动词+副词小品词+介词to:get round to(找到时间做) / get down to(开始做) / get near to(几乎) / face up to(勇敢地面对) / feel up to(有条件做) / look forward to(期待) 等 形容词+介词to: adjacent to(毗连) / averse to(嫌恶) / deaf to(不愿意听)/ equal to(有力量) / loyal to / preferable to(较合人意的)/ similar to / superior to(胜于)/ sensitive to / tantamount to(相当于)等 e.g That is tantamount to saying that you do not agree. 以介词to结尾的复杂介词:according to(据)/as to(关于)/owing to(由于)/preliminary to(在?以前)/preparatory to(为?准备)/previous to(在?以前)/prior to(在?以前)/with a view to(为?目的)/with an eye to(为?起见) 练习题:1 I have a few letters to write preparatory to beginning the day’s work.
2 They hoped he would own up to telling the lie.
3 Restraining home demand is the key to increasing our export
4 It’s might be better to try to discuss it in his own language, as he isn’t used to speaking English.
5 Since the introduction of new services, many bussinessmen have taken to traveling by train for journeys between 100-200miles.
不定式二 不定式与形容词的搭配:1 It is +adj.+of sb+to do sth.
2 It is +adj.+for sb+to do sth.
3 Sb+be +adj.+to do sth. 不定式与名词的搭配:用主动还是被动意义没有很大差别 要视情况而定
在如 attempt, chance, effort, freedom, intention, necessity, opportunity, reason, time, way 等词后用“名词+不定式”与“名词+介词+ing分词”无太大区别。
在如 ability, agreement, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, disposition(意向), mind, obligation(职责), permission, refusal, reluctance(厌恶), temptation, tendency(倾向), wish 等词后通常用不定式。 动词+不定式:只能带不定式的:agree, aim, apply, arrang, choose, claim, decide, demand, desire, determine, endeavour(尽力), expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pledge(保证), prepare, pretend, profess, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, swear, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow 等 三亿文库包含各类专业文献、文学作品欣赏、外语学习资料、中学教育、应用写作文书、高等教育、专业论文、英语不定式用法25等内容。 
 初中英语动词不定式的用法小结_英语_初中教育_教育专区。初中英语动词不定式的用法小结一、作主语,可以用 it 代替,it 叫形式主语,动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语 1....  英语不定式的用法_英语_初中教育_教育专区。语意不同: 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret t...  初中英语动词不定式用法动词不定式是由“不定式符号 to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。 有些动词不定式不带 to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语...  动词不定式用法大全_高三英语_英语_高中教育_教育专区。初高中生最全面的复习复习复习资料Infinitive 不定式 一、结构:to+动词原形 (not +to+vt, 疑问词+to+vt)...  动词不定式用法讲解_高一英语_英语_高中教育_教育专区。1.构成及特征 2、动词不定式的时态和语态 3、动词不定式的句法功能 4、动词不定式的复合结构 5、动词不定式...  我发现学好英语很有用。 4. 作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重 点,学习时要注意以下三种情况。 (1)作动词 ask, like,tell 等的...  英语不定式的用法_英语_初中教育_教育专区。Infinitives (不定式) 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 主动形式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成...  百度文库 教育专区 小学教育 英语小学英语不定式用法总结_英语_小学教育_教育专区 暂无评价|0人阅读|0次下载|举报文档小学英语不定式用法总结_英语_小学教育_教育专区...初中英语动词不定式的用法小结(外研版英语九年级)
初中英语动词不定式的用法小结(外研版英语九年级)
   当我们要表达“想要做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时,就会出现两个动词连用的情况,这时应如何表达呢?我们自然会想到want to do sth.,need to do sth.和decide to do sth.等表达方式。主要行为动词后面的动词都采用了”to+动词原形”的结构,我们把这种结构称为不定式(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能做谓语,那么英语中的动词不定式都可以表示什么意思呢?有什么样的语法功能呢?下面就做一下介绍。
动词不定式在句子中作主语。
1.不定式作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数,常采用it作形式主语,不定式后置的方式,特别是不定式短语较长时,这样可以避免句子的“头重脚轻”,即It+形容词/名词+to do sth.。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语真不容易。
It is difficult to speak a foreign language well. = To speak a foreign language well is difficult.说好一门外语是困难的。It is necessary to remember enough words. = To remember enough words is necessary. 记住足量的单词是有必要的。 2. 带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如:
How to make requests politely is important. 如何有礼貌地提出请求很重要。
Where to go is not decided yet. 要去哪里还没做出决定。
It's good for you to walk after supper. 晚饭后散步对你是有益的。
  3. 如果要说明不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加一个for 或of短语,构成不定式复合结构,表明不定式逻辑主语的性格、品质。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of,主要决定于前面形容词的性质。一般说来,of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等,既说明人的特性,又说明不定式动作的特性。for前面的形容词是bad, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等,一般说明不定式动作的特性,前面如果是名词用for。例如:
It's very kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我真是太好了。
It’s wise of him to do it well. 你能做好这件事真是很明智。
It’s necessary for us to protect the environment. 保护环境对我们来说很重要。
二. 动词不定式在句子中作宾语。
  不定式作宾语是及物动词后带to的不定式,表明意图、希望或决定的内容等。我们常见的动词+ to do sth. 的结构主要是动宾结构。
1.通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词有:
agree (同意); offer (提出); intend, plan (打算,计划); demand, ask (要求); promise (答应); help (帮忙); prepare (准备); decide (决定); refuse (拒绝);dare (敢于); choose (选择); wish,hope,want, expect (希望,想要); fail ;(不能;忘记); pretend (假装); manage (设法); determine (决心)。
  为了便于记忆,我们可采用以下口诀:同意提出做计划, 要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝, 敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装, 设法做成决心坚。
He agreed to help us. 他同意帮助我们。
My parents offered to take us around the teahouse. 我的父母主动提出带我们去参观茶馆。
We all hope to see the great musician. 我们都希望见到那位伟大的音乐家。
2. 特殊疑问词与不定式常连用作宾语,在功能上相当于一个宾语从句,但不能构成复合宾语。这些词为:know, decide, ask, forget, get, remember, like, learn, think, tell, want, wish, advise, show等。如:
I don’t know what to do.我不知道该怎么办。
I haven’t decided how to go there.我还没决定怎样去那里。
The map can show you where to go.这张地图可以告诉你往哪走。
3.动词feel, believe, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语 - 动词不定式,而把真正的宾语放在句末。句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it + adj. / n. + to do...。如:
I don't think it right to do it in that way.我觉得以那种方式去做是不恰当的。
I find it hard to get along with him. 我发现与他相处不是件容易的事。
4.既能接不定式,又能接动词-ing 形式,但意思不同的动词或词组:即“四‘记’”“力争”“不后悔”。四“记”指“记得、记住(remember)”;“忘记(forget)”“计划、打算(mean)”;“继续(go on)”;力争指“try”;“不”“后悔”指stop与regret
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?(已见过)
You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。(还未离开)
I forgot closing the door yesterday. 我忘记我昨天把门关了。(关了门,但是忘了)
I forgot to do my homework last night. 我昨天晚上忘记做作业了。(实际上没有做) 5.既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love, hate等。一般说来,动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程,v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。如:
I love going(= to go) to the theatre. 我喜欢看戏。(going表示习惯性动作)I love to go(= going) with you tonight. 我今晚很愿意和你一起去。(to go表示具体的动作)
三.动词不定式作表语
动词不定式放在系动词后作表语,常说明主语的身份,职业,性质,内容或特征,常用来表示预定要发生的动作,也可用来表示未来的可能和假设。如:My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天打扫房间。
His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是当一名医生。
It seems to be an interesting book.它看起来是本有趣的书。
四. 动词不定式作定语
1. 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词,放于所修饰的词后,为后置定语。例如:Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的?
Pandas have less and less land to live on. 大熊猫可生存的面积越来越小。
The best way to learn English is to use it. 学英语最好的方法是使用它。2. 动词不定式(短语)作定语修饰名词时,与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系,如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例:She has no paper to write on. 她没有纸写字。 I have no chair to sit on. 我没有椅子坐。We have no houses to live in. 我们没有房子住。
3. 动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时,不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。如:
He needs time to do homework. 他需要时间做作业。
He wants to know the best way to travel around the city. 他想知道环游这个城市的最好的方式。
I have so much homework to do today. 今天我有这么多的作业要做。
五、动词不定式用作状语
1.做原因状语,某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词后跟不定式,表示原因,如:
I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。
They were surprised to find that nobody was in the house . 发现屋子里空无一人,他们很奇怪。
 2.做目的状语,不定式用作目的状语有两个可能的位置,一是在句首,二是在句末。一般说来,用于句首属于强调性用法,即强调动词的目的。多用于to do ,in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) 句型中,如:To keep themselves awake, they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 为了不至于睡着,他们坐在地板上轮流着讲故事。
She came to see me yesterday . 她昨天来看我了。
She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早,图的就是弄个好座位。
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。但需要注意的是:to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的状语,置句末时都可以用,置句首时只用to do / in order to do。但so as to do一般不置于句首,可以引导结果状语从句,in order to do不引导结果状语从句。如:
They started early so as to get there in time.(正)
So as to get there in time, they started early.(误)
3.作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to,such+名词+as to,too…to,enough to和only to等结构。如:
The boy is too youny to go to school. 这个男孩太小而不能上学。
Would you be so kind as to do me a favor? 请你帮我一下好吗?
The boy is old enough to take care of himself. 这个男孩够大了,可以自己照顾自己。
I hurried to his house, only to find him out. 我急急忙忙赶到他家,结果却发现他不在家。
六. 不定式作宾语补足语
  1.许多动词可跟一个宾语 + to do…构成句子,句中的不定式作宾语补足语;否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。例如:
My boss told me to type out two letters. 我的老板让我打两封信。
I didn't expect you to arrive here so soon. 我没有料到你会来得这么快。
Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 请提醒我开会不要迟到。
2. 感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, listen to, look at及使役动词make, have, let等后面常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但这类动词用于被动结构(have不用于被动结构)时,则不定式要带to。例如:
He saw her enter the room.我看见她进了房间。
I heard her lock the door. 我听见她锁上了门。
A child was seen to enter the building. 有人看见一个孩子进入大楼。
She was often heard to sing this song. 经常听到她唱这首歌。
3. to be 结构动词think,consider,find,believe,suppose,know,understand 后,不定式作宾补时常用to be 结构。I consider him to be an honest man.=I consider him honesty. 我认为他是个诚实的人。
The teacher thought the answer to be quite right.老师以为这个答案相当正确。
I suppose him to be away from home. 我想他不在家
参考文献:
「1」陈琳,Simmon Green. 新标准英语(第五册),外语教学与研究出版社, 2010
「2」文杰(主编).《名师助学系列-细解巧练》,内蒙古人民出版社, 2011
「3」肖荣德(总主编).《创新能力学习 优+学案课时通》,北方妇女儿童出版社 2010(10)
「4」金鑫(总主编).《高效读教材》,北京教育出版社,
「5」高凌,陈璞. 《英汉双解大辞典》,中国青年出版社,2009&&&&&&正文
英语学习:动词不定式的用法
来源:互联网资料
1 不定式作宾语
  动词+ 不定式
  afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, be, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, elect, endeavor, hope, fail, happen, help, hesitate, learn, long, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wait, wish, undertake
  The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
  I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
  2) 动词+不定式;动词+宾语+不定式
  ask, beg, choose, expect, hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish
  I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
  I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。
  I want to speak to Tom.  我想和汤姆谈话。
  I want you to speak to Tom.  我想让你和汤姆谈话。
  3) 动词+疑问词+ to
  decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell  
  Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
  There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
  疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。如:The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
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