Il modello architettonico preistorico di Ta Hagrat a Malta.
Analisi formale, costruttiva e strutturale
Tampone, Gennaro
Il modello architettonico preistorico di Ta Hagrat a Malta.
Analisi formale, costruttiva e strutturale.
Bollettino ingegneri, 60 (7 ).
7_2012_Tampone.pdf
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I modelli di edifici esistenti o progettati, comuni nello sviluppo dell’architettura sia come mezzo di studio sia come medium di rappresentazione, sono piuttosto rari nella pre- e protostoria.
In ogni caso essi raramente sono definiti tanto da poter dedurre le effettive caratteristiche dell’edificio rappresentato.
Il modello reperito tra il 1923 e il 1926 nello scavo archeologico del complesso templare preistorico megalitico di Ta Hagrat (IV m.) nell’Isola di Malta, scolpito in Calcare a Globigerine e ora conservato nel Museo archeologico di Malta, consente invece, nonostante le piccolissime dimensioni (4,5 x 3,7 x 2,5 cm c.),
una lettura puntuale delle caratteristiche architettoniche, cioè materiche, formali, tecnico-costruttive e strutturali.
Notissimo e molto citato, il reperto non è mai stato oggetto
di studi sistematici. Escusse le tesi di altri Autori che lo hanno menzionato, l’autore espone i risultati conseguiti con le proprie analisi per le quali ha usato i metodi della storia dell’architettura e dell’ingegneria strutturale (rilievo laser scanner 3D, FEM ecc.).
Esso rappresenta un edificio di forma ellittica di c. 6,5 x 4,5 x 2,70 m realizzato con grandi blocchi lapidei, quindi megalitico, posti in verticale, con alternanza di elementi ortostatici ed elementi diatoni è coperto con 5 “travi” accostate(le più antiche rappresentate), cioè elementi lapidei posti di taglio della lunghezza presumibile di 5 m (il più lungo), resi
stabili da lastre poste di piatto alle due estremità del sistema di travi.
Il modello, che ha valori architettonici autonomi ma con
alcune soluzioni originali avanzate, conferma i modi costruttivi dell’architettura dei templi megalitici maltesi
ad esso contemporanei soprattutto per quanto concerne,
per tali edifici, la presenza di copertura litica, che
ancora è oggetto di discussione nell’ambiente accademico.
Si tratta probabilmente di un modello di studio progettuale realizzato di propria mano da un costruttore di architetture megaliti.
The models of existing or designed buildings, to be usually
found in the development of the architecture, both as study means and as representation medium, are rather rare in pre- and proto-history. In any case they rarely are so defined to allow of a full deduction of the characteristics of the building they represent.
The model, found between 1923 and 1926 in the archaeological
excavation of the prehistoric megalithic templar complex of Ta Hagrat (IV m.) in the Malta Island, carved in Globigerina Limestone, now conserved in the Maltese Archaeological Museum,on the contrary allows, in spite of its very small
(4,5 x 3,7 x 2,5 cm c.), of an accurate interpretation of its architectural characteristics, say material, formal, technical-constructive,structural.
Well-known and frequently mentioned, the find has never been
the object of systematic studies. Examined the theses of other Scholars who cited it, the author proposes the results of his analysis made with the instruments of the history of architecture and structural engineering (Laser scanner 3D survey, FEM etc.).
It represents a building of elliptic shape of about 6,5 x 4,5 x 2,70 made with large stone blocks, thus a megalithic one, vertically placed, with alternation of orthostatic and diatonic elements, conn it is covered by 5 adjacent “beams”(the most ancient ever represented), i.e. lithic elements rectangular in section, placed on edge, of the supposed length of 5 m
c. (the longest one); the beam system is stabilized by a couple of slabs at each end of it, placed flat on the walls.
The model, that belongs autonomous architectural values with
a few original and advanced solutions, is the confirmation of the building techniques of the coeval architecture of the prehistoric megalithic Maltese temples mainly as regards, in the temples, the presence of a lithic covering that still is a matter of discussion in the academic setting.
It is probably the embodiment of the development of architectural intuition by a builder of megalithic architectures, made by
his own hands.
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Uncontrolled Keywords:
Ta Hagrat a Malta, Templi megalitici maltesi
Depositing User:
Collegio Ingegneri Toscana
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The effects of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase on the proliferation an d apoptosis blockage in chronic myelocytic leukemia cells.
LI Zheng-fa,SHEN Xiao-mei ,ZHAO Ren-bin.(Department of Hematology,the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Pr ovince,Kunming,China 650032)
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