第二题,填an为什么不可以,identify和recognizee引导宾从,that省略

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even though she herself has never had such an experience,it's__she can recognize form what has happened to her good friend.a that b one c such d all这题答案是选c 为什么 具体分析下
有才晻飵嫘
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one = an experience尽管她自己没有过如此的经历,但它是一种她可以从发生在朋友身上的事情所能体会的经历.例如:Though the car is too expensive,it is one (= a car) I really want to own.虽然这车很贵,但它却是我想拥有的一辆车.
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应该是D。all后面省略了that,that 引导定语从句,在从句中做recognize的宾语。
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英语 分析句子结构 清晰一点的 To encourage and further such mountain-top experiences the society must recognize teaching for the sublime art (as)it is not merely an offshoot of research,but also.it 前面是不是省略了一个as 如果是 什么成分
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你写的这句把原话里的破折号搞没了,又把最后的从句切掉了一半,这样没有人能弄明白是怎么回事.完整的原句是:To encourage and further such mountain-top experiences the society mustrecognize teaching for the sublime art it is—not merely an offshoot of research,notmerely a performance before a passive audience,but a guided expedition into themost exciting and least understood terrain on earth—the mind itself.为了鼓励并深化这种会当凌绝顶的体验,社会必须认识到教育确实是一种只可意会的艺术—不仅仅是从科研里的衍生,不仅仅是在被动观众面前的表演,而是有导游的对地球上最激动人心而最神秘的领域—人的思想—的探险.it前面省略了一个that,(that) it is是定语从句,修饰the sublime art.recognize teaching for the sublime art (that) it is是从成语recognize something for what it is变化来的.recognize something for what it is意思是认出某物的本质.如果用what,那么what it is本身是宾语从句,作介词for的宾语.句子结构:To encourage and further such mountain-top experiences(目的状语) the society(主语) mustrecognize(谓语) teaching(宾语) for(+后面整个结构,介词短语作宾补) the sublime art(for的宾语) (that)(省略的代词,指代art,引导定语从句,同时作从句的表语) it is(定语从句修饰art)—not merely an offshoot of research,not merely a performance before a passive audience,but a guided expedition into the most exciting and least understood terrain on earth(三个并列短语作the sublime art的同位语)—the mind itself(terrain的同位语).
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as做引导词,后面跟的是状语从句。
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年高考分类题库 2010 年 (一)名词和主谓一致单项填空1. (2010? 江苏卷? T22)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _____. A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization .2. (2010? 安徽卷? T25)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure3. (2010? 湖北卷? T21)This restaurant has become popular for its wide pockets. A. division C. range B. area D. circleof foods that suit all tastes and4. (2010? 湖北卷? T22)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to_______ provide for the homeless families. A. accommodation C. equipment B. occupation D. furniture caused hearing loss in some teenagers.5. (2010? 湖南卷? T33)Listening to loud music at rock concerts A. is B. are C. has D. have6. (2010? 江西卷? 35).Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, T a(n) A. average of 40,000 per year. B. number C. amount D. quantity7. (2010? 山东卷? T33)Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine. A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter at present in the disaster area.8. (2010? 陕西卷? 24). It is reported that many a new house T A. are being built C. was being built B. were being built D. is being built9. (2010? 四川卷? 15). Such poets as Shakespeare T difficult to understand. A. are B. is C. is D. arewidely read, of whose works, however, some10. (2010? 天津卷? T3). James took the magazines off the little table to make-1-for the television. A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position11. (2010? 浙江卷? T16). The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct _______. A. solution B. target C. measure D. function【答案解析】 1. 【解析】选 B。考查名词辨义。句意:那个医生擅于治疗心脏病,并且从来不接受病人的礼物,所以他 有非常好的名声。本题考查名词辨义:expectation(期望,预期) ;reputation(名声) ;contribution(贡献, 致力) ;civilization(文明) 。根据句意选择 B 项。 2. 【解析】选 C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:从 Sara 还是个小女孩时起,我就没再见过过她,她现在已 经变得让人认不出了。hearing 听觉;strength 强度,力气,力量;recognition 认出,承认; measure 大小, 度量单位,范围,程度。 3. 【解析】选 C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于有广泛的食物(选择)适合所有口味和收入的人群的需 要,这家餐馆已经火了。由定语从句 that suit all tastes and pockets 可以推定所选词应表示D(选择)范围‖, 因此选择 C。division 分开,分担;area 面积,地区,领域;circle 圆圈,环形物;均不合题意。 4. 【解析】选 A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:地震之后,当地政府首先做的是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。 由语境 (after the earthquake) 可知, the homeless families 首先应当提供的是住处, 对 因此选择 A。 occupation 职业,占有;equipment 设备;furniture 家具;均不合题意。 5. 【解析】选 C。考查主谓一致和语态。由于 caused 后有宾语,故该用主动语态,即可排除 A、B。考虑 到主语是动名词短语,所以谓语动词该用单数。故选 C。句意:在摇滚演唱会上听超响的音乐已对一些青 少年造成了听力的丧失。 6. 【解析】选 A。考查名词词义辨析。 句意: 去年毕业有驾照的学生达到了 20 万, 平均每年有 4 万。 an average of 平均; a number of 许多; an amount of 许多, 修饰不可数名词; 饰可数名词或不可数名词。根据语境 per year 可知此处指的是平均数。 7. 【解析】 A。 选 考查名词辨析。 句意为: 那些患头痛的人将会发现服用了这种药头痛可以得到缓解。 relief 缓解,减轻;safety 安全;defense 防御;shelter 保护,避难所,躲避处;根据四个名词选项,可判断 A 项为正确答案。 8. 【解析】选 D。考查主谓一致。根据 Dmany a + 单数可数名词‖作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式,可 排除 A、B。根据时间状语 at present (目前,现在),要用现在进行时,所以又可排除 C。 9. 【解析】选 A。考查主谓一致。当D名词/代词+介词短语‖作主语时,谓语动词的单复数通常取决于名词 或代词的单复数,因此第一空的单复数取决于 poets;非限制性定语从句的主语是 some of whose works,故-2-a quantity of 许多 ,修 选项 A 正确。 10. 【解析】选 A。考查名词辨义。句意:詹姆斯把那本杂志从小桌子上拿走,好腾出地方来放电视机。 room n(U) 空间,地方; (C)房间,室; area 地区,面积; field 田间,领域 ;position 位置,地点; room 在 此是不可数名词,空间,地方。make room for 给。。腾地方。 。 11. 【解析】选 A。考查名词词义辨析。本句意义为:D虽然学校顾问会帮你解释清楚问题,但是他们不会 给出任何直接解决的办法。‖solution 解决办法,符合语义要求。target 目标;measure 尺寸,措施;function 功能。 (二)冠词 1. (2010? 江苏卷? T21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ______ people from all walks of life are working hard for______ new Jiangsu. A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. a D. the2. (2010? 北京卷? T35) First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make __________first impression. A. the B. the C. a D. a3. (2010? 福建卷? 21). It’s T them ______ pleasure. A. 不填, a B. a, 不填good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that givesC. the, aD. a, the4. (2010? 辽宁卷? T22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth. A. the B. 不填; the C. 不填 D.a; the5. (2010 山东卷? T22) If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view. A. 不填;the C. a B. 不填;a D. the;the most countries, a university degree can give you flying start6. (2010? 四川卷? . In T2) in life. A. a B. 不填C.不填; 不填D.不填; a7. (2010? 浙江卷? . Many lifestyle patterns do such ________ great harm to health that they actually speed up T2) _______weakening of the human body. A. / B. /; the C. the D. /; / there is no such-3-8. (2010? 重庆卷? T27).Everything comes withthing as free lunch in the world. A. a, a B. the, / C. the, / D. a, /【答案解析】 1. 【解析】选 A。考查冠词用法。句意:使这儿的来宾印象非常深刻的是,来自各行各业的人都在为建设 一个新江苏而努力工作。本题中第一空指D来自各行各业的人‖,集体名词 people 表示泛指,所以其前面不 用冠词;第二空指D一个新江苏‖,专有名词 Jiangsu 前有形容词 new,加不定冠词表示泛指,指具有某种 性质的物(或者人) 。所以选择 A 项。 2. 【解析】选 C。考查冠词。句意:第一印象是最持久的。毕竟,你不会再一次得到机会留下第一印象的。 D Da + 序数词 + 单数可数名词‖表示D又一……,再一……‖;后面是短语 make a first impression,表示D留 下第一印象‖。 3. 【解析】选 B。考查冠词的用法。句意为:对于人们来说,欣赏带给他们快乐的上海世博会是一种美好 的感觉。feeling 指伤心或快乐的感觉时通常用作可数名词;pleasureD愉快,高兴‖,通常用作不可数名词。 4. 【解析】选 B。考查冠词。句意:太空中有超过 58,000 块的岩状物体,其中大约有 900 块可能掉到地 球上。in space 是固定短语,不用冠词,第二空名词 earth 属于独一无二事物的名词,其前必须用定冠词。 5. 【解析】选 C.。考查冠词用法。句意为:如果我们坐在汽车的前部,我们就会看得更清楚。第一个空 the front of the bus 指公共汽车内部的前面, 此处用 the 定指; 第二空中 have a better view 意为D更好地看到‖。 have a good view of 清楚看到,看到......的美景。 【知识拓展】冠词用法的考查常用以下几个命题角度: (1)不定冠词 a/an 在句中表示泛指一个; Shanghai has become a world-class metro. (2)定冠词表示特指,用于指前面已经提到的人或物以及带有限定成分的名词、某些专有名词等。 With the 2010 World EXPO taking place in Shanghai, the city has become the centre of the world attention. (3)冠词在某些特定短语中的应用; I was at a loss what we can do with such a naughty boy. (4)零冠词用法:在某些物质名词及抽象名词前不使用冠词。 Metal has replaced wood in constructing high buildings. (5)抽象名词具体化用法:在某些名词如 success, failure, surprise, disappointment, shock 等用于指一件…… 事或一个……的人,常在其前加 a/an. What a disappointment it was to learn that he had turned down our request. 6. 【解析】选 D。考查冠词。most countries 此处表示泛指,most 前不加定冠词 the;start 在句中的意思是-4- D起点‖,是可数名词,故选项 D 正确。 7. 【解析】选 B。 考查冠词的用法。第一个空格中的Ddo harm to…‖为固定搭配,中间不用冠词,第二个 空格后由于有 of 引导的后置定语,所以 weakening 前加 the 予以限定。 8. 【解析】选 D。句意:任何事情都是要付出代价的,在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。price 是可数名词 单数形式,表泛指须要加不定冠词 a,no such thing 是固定搭配,不用冠词,结构是 no such+名词:no such person,no such book。 (三)代词 1. (2010?全国卷 I? T23) I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing. A. another B. the other C. other’s D. other2. (2010? 全国卷 II? T12)Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth things over between them. A. others B. the other C. another D. one other3. (2010? 全国卷 II? T14)The doctor thought _______ would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it4. (2010? 安徽卷? T21)You are the team star! Working with ______is really your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other _______ for me?5.(2010? 福建卷? 22). When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say T A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing6.(2010? 重庆卷? T23).He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ________ of them again. A. neither B. either C. each D. all7. (2010? 江西卷? 27)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _____ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. T A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything8.(2010? ? 辽宁卷? ? T33)The fact that she was foreign made _______difficult for her to get a job in that country A . so B. much C. that D. it9.(2010? 山东卷? T32)Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one10.(2010? 陕西卷? 12). The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the T city. A. that B. this C. it D. one11. (2010? 上海卷? 27). If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on T-5- A. themselves C. usB. them D. ourselves when I was a baby.12.(2010? 四川卷? T7). On my desk is a photo that my father took of A. him B. his C. me D. mine13.(2010? 天津卷? T6). ______ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something14.(2010? 浙江卷? T14). ______ that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. A. One 【答案解析】 1. 【解析】选 B。考查代词。anotherD另一个‖,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。the other 表示两者中的另 一个,otherD其他的‖, others 表示D其他的人或物‖。句意:我的假期的一半时间将用来练习英语,另一半 时间将用来学习绘画。根据句意以及 another 与 the other 的用法可知选 B。 【知识拓展】another,the other,other,others 的区别 anotherD另一个‖,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。the other 表示两者中的另一个,常用于Done…the other…‖结构,表示D一个---另一个---‖;另外,the other 后面还可跟名词,特指其他的人或物。other 是形 容词,表示D其他的‖,不能单独使用,后面必须跟名词,表示泛指,如 other people 泛指其他的人。others 相当于 other 后面跟名词,如 other people=other。 例如:1)I have three best friends. One is Tom, one is Bob, and another Jack.我有三个朋友,一个是汤姆, 一个是鲍勃,另一个是杰克。(another 指三者或三者以上中的另一个) 2)In front of me are two men. One is tall and thin and the other short and fat. 我前面有两个人。一个又高 又瘦,另一个又矮又胖。(the other 表示两者中的另一个) 3)In our class, all the other students are in favor of my plan except the monitor.在我们班,除了班长所有其 他的学生都支持我的方案。(the other 后面可跟名词,特指某个范围内的其他的人) 4)Some are active in the discussion, and others (other students) are not.一些学生积极参与谈论,而另一些 却不积极。(others 相当于 other 后面跟名词,表示泛指) 2. 【解析】选 B。考查代词。others 表示D其他的人或物‖, anotherD另一个‖,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。 the other 表示两者中的另一个, 常用于 one…the other 结构, 表示D一个。。。 另一个‖。 。。。 根据句中的 Neither side 可知应为两方,故选 B。句意:双方都不愿意彼此交谈除非我们能消除他们之间的分歧。 3. 【解析】选 D。考查 it 作形式主语。此处 it would be good for you to have a holiday 是宾语从句作 thought-6-B. AllC. EverythingD. Anything 的宾语。It 在这个宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。其他三个选项都不能作形式主语 或宾语。句意:医生认为去度假对你是有益的。 4. 【解析】 C。 选 考查代词词义辨析。 句意: 你真是个合作明星。 和别人一起工作真是你喜欢的事情。 really one’s cup of tea 真的是某人所喜欢的。 both 表示两者都…… either 表示两者中的任何一个……,强调个体;others 表示复数意义,泛指他人; the other 指代单数可数名词时,特指两者中的另一个。此句中应是泛指D他 人‖。 5.【解析】选 C。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生的时候,请为我说点什么好 吗?something 可用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方的肯定回答,与语境相符。 【知识拓展】不定代词的常见考点 不定代词的考点常见的有: 1. none/no one:none 可用于表示人或物,可接 of,有范围的限定,其谓语的数可单可复;no one 通常只表 示人,不接 of,无范围的限定。 2. each/every:each 和 every 着眼点不同,范围也不同,前者重在个体,表两者或两者以上;后者着眼于整 体,表三者或三者以上。 3. either/neither:either 两者中任一个;neither 两者中没有一个。 4. other/another:other 泛指D另外的‖,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用,但前面有 the、some、any、each、 every、no 以及形容词性物主代词时,可与单数可数名词连用。another 是由不定冠词 an 和 other 合并构成, 通常代替或修饰可数的单数名词,意思是D任一‖、D再一‖。 5. all/both:all 可以代表或修饰可数名词和不可数名词,代表或修饰可数名词时,指三个或三个以上的人或 事物;不定代词 both 指两个人或事物。 6. all,both,every-与 not 连用,构成部分否定,意为D并非都‖。 6.【解析】选 B。考查代词。句意:战争中他已失去了冷静和健康,并且这两样东西再也找不回来了。根 据题干是两者,选项中可以用于两者的是 A 和 B。排除 C 和 D,C 项为D每一个‖,D 项为D 所有的‖,用 于三者或三者以上。题干中有 never,never/not…+either=neither 所以 B 是正确答案. 7.【解析】选 C。考查代词的用法。句意:游泳是我最喜欢的运动项目, 没有一种运动能像游泳这样作 为保持健康的一种方法。something 有些; anything 任何事情; nothing 没有; everything 一切。 8.【解析】选 D。考查 it 的指代用法。句意:她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。句子结 构:the fact 做句子的主语,that she was foreign 做 the fact 的同位语,made 做谓语, for her to get a job in that country 是动词不定式的复合结构做 made 的宾语,difficult 是宾语补足语,此时要用 it 做 made 的形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在宾补之后,其他词没有这种用法。-7- 9.【解析】选 D。考查代词用法。 句意为:帮助别人是一种习惯,一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。分析 句子结构可知,habit 之后的空格处为同位语部分,用 one 相当于 a habit, 空处后的部分为定语从句部分, 修饰 one, 其后省略了引导定语从句的关系代词 which 或 that, 作 learn 的宾语。 【知识拓展】 D代词作同位语‖考点剖析将同位语与代词用法放在一起考查是各种测试题中常见的一种现象, 常涉及 it, that, one, this, that, as, what 及 something, anything, nothing 等,而其中对 one,it, that, what 等代词的考查尤其多见, 针对 one 在句中用 于代替Da/an+单数名词‖充当同位语的这一考查角度在数年高考题中曾经多次呈现, 通过比较我们可以发现 某些高考题的相似之处。 (2002 全国 I) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what【解析】选 B, 此句中用 one 替代 a moment,作 an unforgettable moment 的同位语,泛指值得我珍惜的那样 一个时刻。又如 Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of the sailors on his ship.同时仔细 研究题目的四个选项,我们也可以看出,山东高考题只是 2002 年全国卷的一个翻新版而已。 10. 【解析】选 A. 考查代词。为避免重复,这里 that 代替特指的名词 the cost. that 作代词时表示特指,指 代前面提到过的那类事物,即替代带定冠词的名词,既可用来代替可数名词的单数形式,也可用来代替不 可数名词,cost 为不可数名词。this 一般用来代替已知的人和事,不合题意,可排除。it 用来替代上文中 提到的那个事物,即同类又同物,可排除。one 相当于Da(n)+ 单数可数名词‖,指同类事物中的一个,只能 代替可数名词,也可排除。 11. 【解析】选 D。考查反身代词。句意为:如果我们的父母为我们这些孩子做每一件事,我们将学不会 依靠我们自己。depend oneself 依靠自己,独立。 12. 【解析】选 C。考查人称代词。句意:在我的书桌上是当我小的时候父亲给我拍的一张照片。句中关 系代词 that 引导一个定语从句,将定语从句还原,即为:My father took a photo of me when I was a baby.。 由此可知选项 C 正确。 13. 【解析】 B。 选 考查代词。 句意: 在我的一生中, 给我留下最深印象的是我第一次去故宫。 此题 nothing。。 。 +as|so+形容词或副词+as。。结构,意思是D再没有比。。更。。‖A 项是任何事情,C 项是一切事情,D 项 。 。 。 是某事。根据句意所以选 B。 14. 【解析】选 B。考查定语从句的关系代词选择。all that=what, 本句意义为D重要的是你在尽力并且努 力方向正确。‖所以答案为 B。 (四)介词和介词短语-8- 1. (2010? 江苏卷? T29)So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ________ ideal. We have to work still harder. A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to me.2. (2010? 重庆卷? T22)The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money A. by B. for C. in D. with3. (2010? 浙江卷? T7). I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just _______ . A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance a big tree.4. (2010? 四川卷? T5). Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back A. in B. below C. beside D. against5. (2010? 上海卷? 25) Sean has formed the habit of jogging T . day. A. between B. along C. below D. withthe tree-lined avenue for two hours every6. (2010 ? 天津卷? T13). My father warned me tourists. A. by B. on C. for D. againstgoing to the West Coast because it was crowded with7. (2010? 辽宁卷? T31).I agree to his suggestion ______the condition that he drops all charges. A. by B. in C. on D. to name, not case number.8(2010? 江西卷? 34). Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients T A. of B. as C. by D. with9.(2010? 江西卷? 29) We give dogs time ,space and love we can spare, and T A. in all B. in fact C. in short D. in return, dogs gives us their all.10 (2010? 湖北卷? T30)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money them. A. in preference to C. in agreement with B. in place of D. in exchange forfavors to11. (2010? 北京卷? 29). Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are T enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. toeveryone's12. (2010? 福建卷? 27). More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ______ space. T A. in search of C. for lack of B. in place of D. for fear of-9- 【答案解析】 1. 【解析】选 B。考查固定短语意义的辨析。句意:到目前为止,我们已经做了很多工作来打造低碳经济, 但是还远不理想。我们还必须更加努力工作。本题考查固定短语的辨析:next to 意为D几乎,差不多;紧 邻着‖,与句意相反;far from 意为D远非;远离‖,后面常常接名词或者形容词;out of 意为D从……里;出 于‖;due to 意为D由于‖,后面常常接名词,可以作表语或者原因状语,相当于 because of。根据句意选择 B 项。 2. 【解析】选 D。考查介词。句意:这本词典是我想要的东西,但我身上没带那么多钱。with 表示(随身, 随同,携带等)在…身边 在…身上 随身带着;in 在..里, 在…期间;for 为了, 向. .;by 靠近,通过,在…旁 边。根据句意选 D。 3. 【解析】选 C。考查介词短语作状语用法。本句意义为:D我猜我们之前已经谈论过这个问题,但是我 想再问你一遍以免 (失误) ‖in case 以免, 。 以防; nature 天生的; return 作为回报, by in 作为回应; chance by 偶然的。 4. 【解析】选 D。考查介词辨析。句意:吉姆累了,背靠着树睡着了。‖against 在句中意思是D倚着,靠着‖, 与语境相符。belowD在……下方‖;besideD在……旁边‖;inD在……里面‖,均与语境不符。 5. 【解析】选 B。考查介词。句意:Sean 已经养成了每天沿着两旁绿树成行的林荫道慢跑两小时的习惯。 alongD沿着,顺着‖,符合题干意思。between 在……中间;below 在……下面;with 和……在一起,均不 符合句意。 6. 【解析】 D。 选 考查介词。 句意: 因为西海岸挤满了游客, 所以我父亲提醒我不要去西海岸。 warn sb against doing sth 警告或提醒某人不要做某事。所以选 D. 7. 【解析】 C。 选 考查介词用法。 句意: 我同意他的建议, 条件是他放弃所有指控。 介词 on 和 the condition that 一起相当一个连词,引导条件状语从句,意思是D条件是,以……为条件‖。 8【解析】选 C。考查介词词组搭配。 句意: 当今一些医院以实名制记录病人而不是病历号。by name 用 名字。 9.【解析】选 D 。考查介词词组辨析。句意: 我们给狗我们所能够抽出的时间、空间和爱, 作为回报, 狗给予我们他们的一切。in all 总共; in fact 事实上;in short 简言之; in return 作为回报。 10 【解析】选 D。考查介词短语意义辨析。句意:公务员用自己对他人的格外关照作交换而向他人索要 钱物的行为是非法的。 根据句意, exchange for 用……作交换, in 换取; 符合题意, 因此选择 D。 preference in to 优先于……;in place of 代替;in agreement with 与……一致;均不合题意。 11. 【解析】选 C。考查介词。句意:不要摘花园里的花好吗?它是供大家欣赏的。‖ for 表目的。in 表地点、方向或范围等;at 表地点、时间、方向、目标、价格、速度、原因等;to 表方向、- 10 - 地点、时间、比率等。 12. 【解析】 C。 选 考查介词短语。 句意: 因缺乏空间, 在大城市里越来越多的高层建筑被修建起来。 lack for ofD因缺乏‖,与语境相符。in search ofD寻找‖;in place ofD取代‖;for fear ofD唯恐‖,均与语境不符。 (五)形容词和副词 1. (2010? 全国卷 I? T26)I have seldom seen my mother _________ pleased with my progress as she is now. A. so B. very C. too D. rather2. (2010? 全国卷 II? T13) The island is ____ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally3. (2010? 全国卷 II? T20) Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_____. A. popular C. most popular B. more popular D. the most popular4. (2010? 安徽卷? T31)_______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A. Shy and cautious C. Honest and confident B. Sensitive and thoughtful D. Lighthearted and optimistic5. (2010? 福建卷? 23). ―Volunteering is becoming ______ popular in China. T ―Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. A. naturally B. successfully C. splendidly D. increasingly6. (2010? 福建卷? 32)Drunk driving, which was once a ______ occurrence, is now under control. T A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular view of how we can live life to the7.(2010? 湖北卷? T23)In this lecture, I can only give you a purely full and make some suggestions about the future. A. private B. personal C. unique D. different8.(2010? 湖北卷? T24) Mistakes don’ they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes A. favourable B. precious . C. essential D. worthwhile ________ reaction will be to9. 2010? ( 湖北卷? T25) If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my tell the police. A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden10.(2010? 湖北卷? T26)I wasn’ I- 11 -said errors like this could be avoided. A. merelyB. mostlyC. rarelyD. nearly11.(2010? 湖南卷? T22)Father A. hardly B. seldomgoes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there. D. never andC. sometimes12.(2010? 江西卷? 28). Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life T more ,have reduced the need for face-to-face communication. B. easy, efficient D. efficientlyA. efficient C. efficiently13.(2010? 辽宁卷? T23)Jim went to answer the phone. _______, Harry started to prepare lunch. A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile14.(2010? 辽宁卷? T27).We only had $100 and that was _______ to buy a new computer. A.nowhere near enough C.enough near nowhere B.near enough nowhere D.near nowhere enough15.(2010? 辽宁卷? T34)―It’s no use having ideas only . ―Don’t worry. Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act. A. how B. who C. what D. where16. (2010? 山东卷? T35) Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children. A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex17. (2010? 陕西卷? T22)Studies show that people are more _______ to suffer from back problems if they always . sit before computer screens for long hours. A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure journey.18.(2010? 上海卷? T26). It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was A. three hour C. a three-hour B. a three-hours D. three hours19.(2010? 上海卷? T30). In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled A. longer than C. as much as the local market. B. more than D. as far as20.(2010? 四川卷? T12). The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too .- 12 - A. smallB. fewC. 1argeD. many about exactly how life on earth began.21.(2010? 天津卷? T5) People have always been A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful22. (2010? 浙江卷? . I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than T6) television. A. accurate B. ridiculous C. urgent D. shallow23.(2010? 浙江卷? T11). Do you think shopping online will ______ take the place of shopping in stores? A. especially C. merely B. frequently D. finally24.(2010? 浙江卷? T19). Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, _____? A. though 【答案解析】 1. 【解析】选 A。考查副词以及比较级。做此题时,一定要仔细审读完整个题干部分,不要读到 pleased 就仓促地下结论。再向后读到 as she is now 可知是考查比较级。在原级比较中,常用 as…as…结构,此结 构可用于肯定句、否定句与疑问句。但在原级比较中,也可用 so…as…结构,但此结构只能用于否定句中。 根据题干中的 seldom 可知此句是否定句,故此处用到 so…as…结构。 2. 【解析】选 D。考查副词。partlyD部分地‖, merelyD仅仅‖, nearlyD几乎‖, equallyD平等地,同样地‖。 句意:因为春秋两个季节的天气都非常怡人,所以这个小岛在这两个季节都很吸引人。根据句意以及四个 选项的意思可知选 D。 3. 【解析】选 B。考查比较级。句意:布莱克先生很高兴,因为他的工厂生产的衣服从来没有像现在的这 样好。此句的意思暗含了现在生产的衣服比以往都好,not/never 加比较级表示肯定意义的最高级。故选 B。 4. 【解析】选 D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她是一个无忧无虑的积极乐观的人,能够通过她的微笑给 人们传播阳光。shy and cautious 害羞而且谨慎的; sensitive and thoughtful 敏感而又体贴的; honest and confident 诚实而又自信的;lighthearted and optimistic 无忧无虑的又积极乐观的。 5. 【解析】选 D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:―志愿活动在中国正越来越普遍。―是啊,现在人们意识到 帮助别人就是帮助他们自己。increasinglyD逐渐地,日益‖,与时态和语义吻合。naturallyD自然地‖; successfullyD成功地‖;splendidlyD辉煌地;壮观地‖,均与语境不符。 6. 【解析】 B。 选 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意: 酒后驾车, 以前是经常发生的事, 现在已得到控制。 frequentD经 常的‖,与语境相符。generalD一般的,大体的‖;normalD正常的‖;particularD特殊的‖,均与语境不符。 7. 【解析】选 B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这次演讲中,就如何生活得丰富多彩(这个问题) ,我- 13 -B. alsoC. eitherD. too 只能给出纯个人的观点;并且对未来提出一些建议。根据句意,此处的观点应该只属于我个人而不涉及他 人,因此选择 B。private 不合题意。 8. 【解析】选 D。句意:错误不会(无缘无故地)发生,而是有原因的;如果找到这个原因,那么犯错误 就值了。根据句意,找到错误原因并且从中吸取教训,从而使犯错误变得有价值,因此选择 D。favourable 赞许的,称赞的, (条件)优惠的;precious 珍贵的; essential 必不可少的;均不合题意。 9. 【解析】选 B。句意:如果我发现看起来像嫌疑人的人,我立马的反应是报警。根据句意,这里指反应 敏捷、迅速,因此选择 B。physical 身体的,体力的(与 mental 相对) ;物理的;sensitive (指感情或意 识)敏感的,已感受的;sudden 突然的;均不合题意。 10. 【解析】选 A。句意:我并没有在责备谁(的意思) ;我只是说像这类错误是可以避免的。根据句意, 此处需要填Donly 或 simply (仅仅,只)‖意义的词,只有 merely 有此意,因此选择 A。其他三项均无此 意。 11. 【解析】选 C。根据语境该选 C。句意:爸虽不喜欢去体育馆,但偶尔(sometimes)也去。 12. 【解析】选 B。 句意: 电脑和移动电话, 尽管的确使我们的生活更简便有效, 但降低了面对面交 流的必要。根据句子的结构 make our life _____and more ______可知空格处用形容词作宾语补足语。 13. 【解析】选 D。句意:吉姆去接电话,与此同时,哈里开始准备午餐。 Meanwhile 意思是 D与此同时‖, 表示两个动作在同一时间发生;however 和 nevertheless 意思都是D不过,然而‖,表示转折;besides 意思 是D此外,而且‖,表示除了上面的情况外,还有…. 。根据句意应选 D。 14.【解析】选 A。句意:我们只有 100 美元,怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。nowhere near 是固定短语,意 思是D差得远;远不及‖,相当于一个形容词,enough 做副词用,修饰形容词或副词时,应该放在被修饰词 的后面。 15.【解析】选 A。句意:―光有主意没用。―不用担心,皮特可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。虽然四个词 都可以和动词不定式连用,但是意义不同。how 表示D怎样‖,强调方式。而 who 和 what 是连接代词,who 表示D谁‖,而 what 是D什么,所....的‖之意;where 则强调地点,与句意不符,故选 A 16.【解析】选 C。句意为:在家庭外有工作的妈妈应该有灵活的工作时间表,这样他们就能照看孩子更容 易些。flexible 灵活的,有弹性的;heavy 沉重的;smooth 流畅的;complex 复杂的。 【知识拓展】形容词和副词考查在单选题中一般涉及两类题型: (1)单纯的形容词或副词在某个语段中的意义用法,所涉及的四个形容词或副词从语义方面具有随机性, 相互之间没有任何相近或相似之处,只考查哪个词适合所在的语言片段中的恰当性,大部分测试题采用类 似的测试路线,旨在了解学生的词汇量水平,如:- 14 -私人的,隐私的;unique 独特的,独一无二的; different 不同的,差异的;均 The public transportation in this city is very convenient,where many buses run A. occasionally C. immediately B. approximately D. frequently.【解析】选 D。 句意为:在这座有很多公共汽车经常运营的城市,公共交通很便利。frequently 经常地, 频繁地;occasionally 偶尔地;approximately 大约地;immediately 立即,马上;分析句意可知,D 项为正 确选择项。 (2)所提供的四个形容词或副词在意义或用法上相近或拼写形式相似的易混、易错单词。这类题目难度 较大,学生要对单词所适用的语境、单词的准确含义有比较清晰的了解。 ― Could you be more ________ about your plan? ― Of course, I’ll introduce it to everyone present in detail. A. special B. particular C. specific D. peculiar【解析】选 C。本题考查四个非常形式和意义都相近的形容词,区别难度较大,关键在于每个词的准确语 义定位。special 特殊的,专门的;particular 特别的,独有的,挑剔的;specific 具体的,明确的,详细的; peculiar 特殊的;罕见的;奇怪的;独特的 句意为:你能不能对你的计划在具体些?当然可以,我会向在场的每一位详细介绍这项计划。从后面的 I’ll introduce it to everyone present in detail 可知,第一句说话人 的要求具体介绍这项计划,故此处选 C 符合语境。 17.【解析】选 A。likely 作表语时,主语既可以是人,也可以是物或 it,而 possible,probable 作表语时,主 语一般不能是人。所以可排除 B、C。sb. be sure to do sth. 某人一定会做某事。在语气上太绝对,不符合句 意,可排除。 18.【解析】选 C。句意为:到达游乐园花了我们一段相当长的时间,这是一个三小时的旅行。three-hour 是复合形容词,在复合形容词中,可数名词前不管数量词是什么,这个名词都要用单数形式。 19.【解析】选 D。句意为:在古代,人们很少进行长距离旅行,大多数农民到的最远的地方就是当地市场。 as far as 远至/到……,符合句意; longer than 比……长, more than 多于,不止,as much as 和……一样 多,均不符合题意。 20.【解析】选 C。the number of 意为D……的数量‖,修饰它的形容词常用大小,不用多少;根据语境可知, 学校被移出了市中心,原因应是学生的数量变得太大了,故选项 C 正确。 21.【解析】选 A。句意:人们一直想知道地球上的生命是怎么样开始的。A 项好奇,be curious about 是固 定短语,意思是对某事好奇,想知道。B 项激动,兴奋。C 项 be anxious about 担心,由于某事或人感到 不安。D 项是小心的,仔细的。根据句意所以选 A。 22.【解析】选 A。考查形容词词义辨析。和后面的信息D更可靠‖一致,所以此处空格处的意义应该为更准- 15 - 确。考生解题时要注意信息的一致性。B 项荒谬的,可笑的;C 项紧急的,急迫的;D 项浅的。均不合题 意。 23.【解析】选 D。考查副词用法。句子意义为:D你认为网上购物最终会代替超市购物吗?‖finally 表示D最 终,终于‖,符合语义要求。especially 特别地;frequently 经常地;merely 仅仅,只不过。 24.【解析】选 A。考查副词用法。D在冰冻的场地上玩耍听起来很有趣,然而,这难道不是太冒险了吗?‖。 though 此处为副词,表示语义的转折,常放在句子末尾。 (六)动词和动词短语 1.(2010? 全国卷 I? T22)The workers _________ the glasses and marked on each box DThis Side UP‖. A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed2. (2010? 全国卷 II? T8)My mother opened the drawer to _________ the knives and spoons. A. put away C. put on B. put up D. put together3.(2010? 江苏卷? T24)Thousands of foreigners were ______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A. attended C. attracted B. attained D. attached4 (2010? 江苏卷? T26) The experiment has _______ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out5. (2010? 安徽卷? T22) matter how low you consider yourself , there is always someone _________you wishing No they were that high. A. getting rid of C. looking up to B. getting along with D. looking down upon6. (2010? 安徽卷? T23)――How did you like Nick’s performance last night ? ―― To be honest ,his singing didn’t ________to me much. A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur7.(2010? 福建卷? 30). We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s ______ it. A. keep up with C. get down to B. do away with D. look forward to8.(2010? 福建卷? 33). ―In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. ―I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two ______.- 16 - A. linked B. relatedC. connectedD. combined you to take by social customs,9.(2010? 湖北卷? T27)Duty is an act or a course of action that people law or religion. A. persuade C. instruct B. request D. expect10. (2010? 湖北卷? T28) Just as the clothes a person wears , the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house A. resembles B. strengthens his personality. C. reflects D. shapes11.(2010? 湖北卷? T29)Had she A. looked up to C. kept up with B. lived up toher promise, she would have made it to Yale University.D. come up with much importance to education. They will do their best to give their12. (2010? 江西卷? 25). Parents children that priceless gift. A. attach B. pay C. linkD. apply _______ sweet13.(2010? 江西卷? 26). Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just dreams. A. keep up with C. end up with B. put up with D. catch up with14.(2010? 辽宁卷? T28)Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland. A.turned on B.turned in C.turned around D.turned out15.(2010? 辽宁卷? T32)The new movie ______ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time . A. promises B. agrees c. pretends D. declines16.(2010? 山东卷? T27)Sam _______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up17. (2010? 山东卷? T31)Your house is always so neat―how do you ______ it with three children? A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct18.(2010 陕西卷 14)You look well . The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you , I suppose. A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about _______ nice.19.(2010? 四川卷? T6). Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes- 17 - 20(2010? 四川卷? T8)Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man A. took up B. got up C. shut up D. set up________ and left.21.(2010? 天津卷? T1)He telephoned the travel agency to A. order B. arrange C. take D. bookthree air tickets to London.22. (2010? 天津卷? T11) Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started offas a manager.23.(2010? 浙江卷? T4)The majority of people in the town strongly ________ the plan to build a playground for children. A. consider B. support C. confirm D. submit24. (2010? 浙江卷? T12) After that, he knew he could ______ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. A. get away with C. get through B. get on with D. get across25.(2010? 浙江卷? T15). For many years, people ________ electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. A. had dreamed of C. dreamed of 【答案解析】 1.【解析】选 D。句意:工人们把玻璃杯打包,并在每一个箱子上标上D请勿倒置‖。carryD搬运,携带‖, deliverD送信/报/奶等‖, pressD压, 按‖, packD将某物装入 (箱、 盒等) 根据句中的 marked on each box DThis 。 Side UP‖可知是把玻璃杯装入了箱子,故选 D。 2.【解析】选 A。put awayD放好‖, put upD举起,张贴,搭建,提供住宿‖, put onD穿上,上演‖,put togetherD把……放在一起‖。句意:我母亲打开抽屉把刀子和勺子放好。 3. 【解析】 C。 选 句意: 上海世博会开幕那天, 成千上万的外宾被吸引到世博会。 本题考查动词辨义: attendD参 加‖; attainD获得‖; attractD吸引‖; attachD贴上, 使附属‖。 根据句意选择 C 项。 此题容易误选 A 项, attend 但 是及物动词[后面不加介词,直接接宾语],即 Thousands of foreigners attended the Shanghai World Expo…。 4【解析】选 C。句意:这个试验已经排除了在那个行星上存在生命的可能性,但是这并不意味着其他行 星上没有生命。本题考查动词短语的辨义:A.发现;B. 指出;C. 排除(可能性) ;D. 执行,开展。根据 句意选择 C 项。 5.【解析】 C。句意: 选 不管你自认为自己是多么的渺小, 总会有人敬仰你, 希望他们像你那样高大。get rid- 18 -B. have dreamed of D. dream of of 摆脱,除去,解脱;get along with 相处,进展;look up to 崇敬,敬仰;look down upon 歧视,看不起 。 6.【解析】选 A。句意:――你觉得昨天晚上耐克的演出怎么样?――说实话,他唱的歌对我没有多大吸 引力。appeal to 吸引,引起兴趣;belong to 属于;refer to 参考,查阅,指的是;(sth.)occur to(sb.) (某人) 突然想起(某事)(某事)突然发生在(某人身上) , 。 7.【解析】选 C。句意:我们刚刚搬进一所更大的房子,有很多活要干。让我们开始吧。get down toD着手, 开始‖,与语境相符。keep up withD跟上‖;do away withD废除,除去‖;look forward toD盼望‖,均与语境不 符。 8. 解析】 D。 【 选 答语句意: 我完全同意。 把这两者结合起来太好了。 该句用了 have sth. Done 结构, combine 在句中的意思是D使结合;同时做两件不同的事‖。linkD联系‖;relateD使有联系‖;connectD连接‖,这三项 均与语境意义不符。 9.【解析】选 D。句意:职责义务是人们依据社会习俗、法律或者宗教信仰期望你践行的行动或行为过程。 根据职责的定义可知,它是人们的一种期待(expect)而不是请求(request),因此选择 D。persuadeD说服, 劝告‖; requestD要求,请求‖; instructD命令,指示‖, 这三项均与语境意义不符。 10.【解析】选 C。句意:正如一个人的穿着、他的饮食(习惯)及与之共度时光的朋友一样,其房屋反映 出他的个性。resemble (表示同类中的)相似,相同;strengthen 加强;shape 塑造, (使)成型;这三项均 不合题意。 11.【解析】选 B。句意:如果她履行了诺言,她就已经上耶鲁大学了。根据句意,live up to one’s promise(履 行诺言)符合题意,因此选择 B 项。look up to 仰望,尊重;keep up with 赶上,与……保持同步;come up with 想到,提出(主意、观点等) ;这三项均不合题意。 12.【解析】选 A。 句意;家长很重视教育。他们就会尽最大努力给孩子这份无价之宝。attach importance to 重视; pay attention to 注意; link to 联系; apply to 运用; 涂。 根据句意选择 A 项。 13.【解析】选 C。句意:睡觉之前闻一闻花, 你会做甜美的梦。keep up with 跟上; put up with 忍受, 容忍; end up with 以…结束; catch up with 赶上。根据句意选 C。 14.【解析】选 D。句意:数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turn out 是D出动,进行,参加,结果是, 证明是‖的意思, All the policemen turned out to catch the criminal.而 turn on D打开‖, 如: turn inD上交, 上缴‖; turn around D转身‖。根据句意应选 D 项。 15.【解析】选 A。句意:这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。promise 除了表示D允诺, 答应‖外,还有D有……的希望‖的意思;agreeD同意,赞同‖;pretendD假装‖;declineD衰老,衰退‖。根据句 意应选 A 项。 16.【解析】选 C。句意为:Sam 仅仅是通过观察其他人在电脑上工作就学会了一些电脑知识。pick up 在- 19 - 句中意为D学会,习得(某种知识,语言、技能等) 。bring up 养育,培养,教育,吐出;提出;look up 查 找;set up 建立,创立。 17. 【解析】选 A。句意为:你家总是这么整洁,带着三个孩子你是怎么做到这一点的? manage 在句中 意为D设法完成,设法做到‖,与句意相符。serve 服务,服役,端上;adapt 适应;construct 建造;构造。 18.【解析】选 A。句意:D你看起来很健康。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。‖agree with sb.有D(食物、 天气、环境等)适合(某人的胃口、健康、性格等)‖的意思。 19.【解析】选 A。第二句话是对第一句话补充说明,与第一句中的 eat with their eyes 相呼应,第二句表达 的应该是他们宁愿点看起来很好吃的东西。故选项 A 正确。 20.【解析】选 B。句意为:詹尼在找座位,幸运的是,这时一位男士起身离开了。get upD起身;站起来; 起立‖,与语境意义相符。take upD从事;占据‖;shut upD闭嘴‖;set upD建立,创立‖,这三项均与语境意义 不符。 21.【解析】选 D。句意:他给旅行社打电话,预定了三张去伦敦的机票。book v.预定,预约;n.书,书本; order v. 订购,叫(菜,饮料,车等) ;n.顺序,有条理;arrange v.筹划,准备,安排;take v.定期购买,订 阅(报刊);book tickets 定票。根据句意,所以选 D 项。 22.【解析】选 A。句意:成为这家公司职员后,他升职很快,最终成为一名经理。end up 终结,结束; end up as 作为什么的结果。drop out 退学,辍学,脱落,掉落。come back 回来,恢复。start off 出发,动身, 开始。根据句意所以选 A. 23.【解析】选 B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:D这个城镇中的大多数人大力支持为孩子们建一个操场的计 划。‖considerD认为‖,supportD支持‖,confirmD确定,证实‖,submitD替代‖。所以只有 B 项符合语义要求, 答案为 B。 24.【解析】选 C。考查动词短语词义辨析。句子意义为:D自那以后,他懂得了尽最大努力他能够克服任 何紧急情况。‖get through D克服、战胜‖;get away with D侥幸逃脱‖;get on withD相处,进展‖;get acrossD通 过,使….理解‖。 25.【解析】选 B。考查动词时态用法。句意:D多年来,人们一直梦想有电子耳朵。但是,电子耳朵制作 起来比预料的要难得多。‖由于句子的时间状语为 for many years, 所以,句子动词时态应该用现在完成时。 (七)情态动词和虚拟语气 1.(2010? 全国卷 I? T29) Just be patient .You _________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not2.(2010? 全国卷 II?T17) I’m afraid Mr. Harding _____ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t- 20 - 3.(2010? 江苏卷? T25) ―― I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. ―― Don’t worry. You ______ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may4.(2010? 江苏卷? T34)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused .5.(2010? 安徽卷? T26)Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy6.(2010? 安徽卷? T32) Jack described his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A. would be C. must be B. would have been D. must have been7.(2010? 北京卷? 23). ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. ―Ah, good morning. You A. might B. must be Mrs. Peters. C. would D. can8.(2010? 北京卷? 34). --The weather has been very hot and dry. ―Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______ . A. wouldn't die C. hadn't died B. didn't die D. wouldn't have died9. (2010? 福建卷? 29). Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow C. mustn’t allow 10.(2010? 湖南卷? T23)You A. must B. mustn’t C. have to B. do not allow D. couldn’t allow buy a gift, but you can if you want to. D. don’t have to my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. C. had followed D. would follow I keep repeating it?11.(2010? 湖南卷? T29)If he A. followed B. should follow12.(2010? 江西卷? 23). I have told you the truth . A. Must C. May B. Can D. Will13.(2010? 辽宁卷? T26)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.- 21 - A.canB.willC.mustD.may14.(2010? 山东卷? T25)I_______ have watched that movie ―it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t15.(2010? 陕西卷? 15)If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken16.(2010? 陕西卷? 23)―May I take this book out of the reading room? ―No, you A. mightn’t . You read it in here. B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t17.(2010? 上海卷? 29)―Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ―Oh, you A. must C. should have done it as yesterday was the deadline. B. mustn’t D. shouldn’t I take the book out?18.(2010? 四川卷? T3). ― ―I’m afraid not. A. Will B. May C. MustD. Need19.(2010? 天津卷? T9)Mark______have hurried. After driving at top speed ,he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t20. (2010? 天津卷? T15) ―John went to the hospital alone. ―If he ______me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told21.(2010? 浙江卷? T10)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______ . A. would have been saved C. will be saved B. had been saved D. was saved22.(2010? 浙江卷? T17). &You __ have a wrong number,& she said. &There's no one of that name here. & A. need B. can C. must D. would23. (2010? 重庆卷? T21).You___ park here! It’s an emergeney exit. A. wouldn’t 【答案解析】 1.【解析】选 A。句意:耐心一点儿,你不能期望世界变化太快。can’t 在否定句中可以表示推测,译为D一 定不, 不可能‖, 可以表示语气很强的否定推测; 译为D不能够‖, 也可以表示命令, 不允许或没有能力, needn’t- 22 -B. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t 表示D不必要‖, may not 表示D可能不会‖,语气非常弱。will not 表示将来不会。根据句意与语境可知说话 者是在表示推测,并且推测的可能性较强。故选 A。 2. 解析】 A。 【 选 根据后面DHe’s busy.‖说话者推测DMr. Harding 一定没有看到你‖。 can’t 表示D一定没有/不‖, shouldn’tD不应该‖, needn’tD不需要‖。在情态动词表示推测中,没有 mustn’t 这种表达。 3.【解析】选 B。句意:――我还没有拿到参考书,但我下个月就要参加这个专题的测试了。――别担心。 到星期五你就拿到参考书了。此处 shall 用于第二人称,表示允诺;情态动词 shall 用于第二、第三人称, 表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。其余选项没有这种用法,所以选择 B 项。 4.【解析】选 B。句意:乔治将要谈论关于他的国家的地理情况,但是我宁愿他更多地谈它的文化(方面 的情况) 。根据题意,本题中 would rather 后面的宾语从句应该是与将来相反的情况,所以从句用一般过去 时来构成虚拟语气。 5.【解析】选 A。句意:昨天,鲍勃本来可以帮助我们,但他当时太忙了。这是一个事实和虚拟假设的混 合句。but 前的句子,从 would have helped 可知这是虚拟语气,表示过去本来可以帮助我们,但实际上没 有。but 之后说明当时不能D帮助我们‖的原因,是过去的客观事实,故应用一般过去时。 6. 【解析】选 D。句意:杰克说他父亲是个意志坚强的人,多年前他父亲一定是个勇敢的男孩子。此处应 是对过去动作的推测,而非虚拟。must have done 表示对过去的肯定的推测;would have done 表示对过去 的虚拟。 7.【解析】选 B。句意:D早上好。我和史密斯先生在 the Personnel Department.有个约会。‖D啊,早上好。 你一定是彼得斯夫人。‖must 表肯定性的推测,意思是D一定‖;might 表推测时,意思是D可能‖,不过可 能性很小;would 通常用来表虚拟语气。can 表推测时,意思是D可能‖,经常用于否定句。 8.【解析】选 D。句意:D天气又干又热。‖D是啊。哪怕下一滴雨,事情比现在都要好得多!我的蔬菜也就 不会死了。‖由句意及题干中的 If it had rained even a drop 可知事实上第二个人的菜已经死了,题中是对过 去的虚拟,所以主句用 would +have +过去分词,因此选 D。 9. 【解析】选 A。句意:老师们建议父母,为了安全起见,不要让 12 岁以下的孩子骑车上学。recommend 在句中是D建议‖的意思,其后的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词用D(should)+动词原形‖的形 式。 【知识拓展】常见的Dshould 型‖虚拟语气 1. 与表示建议、 要求、 (suggest/suggestion, 命令 demand, order, propose/proposal, insist, command, require, desire, recommend) 等相关的名词性从句中, 通常用Dshould 型‖虚拟语气, 即从句的谓语动词用Dshould + 动 词原形‖结构,而且 should 可省略。 I demand that he (should) answer me immediately.- 23 - 我要求他立刻答复我。 They all agreed to my proposal that we (should) share in the taxi fare. 他们都同意我的提议,我们分摊计程车费。 The order came that free food (should) be distributed at once. 命令下达了,立刻发放免费食品。 My advice is that you (should) treat her well. 我的忠告是你应该善待她。 2. 在DIt is important/strange/natural/necessary… that 从句‖这类句型里,that 所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词 常用 Dshould 十动词原形‖结构。It is strange that he should speak to his father like that. 真奇怪,他竟然和他父亲那样说话。 10.【解析】选 D。句意为:你不必(don’t have to)买礼物,但如果你想买,也可以买的。选项 B 是D不准、 禁止‖之意,不符合语境意义。 11.【解析】选 C。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:如果他当初听了我的建议,他就不会失去工作了。由 句意可知从句是对过去动作的虚拟,对过去动作虚拟时,从句应用过去完成时,故选 C。 12.【解析】选 A。句意: 我已经告诉你真相了, 我还要必须再重复一遍吗? must 必须; can 能够, 能力;用在疑问句中可以表示征询对方的意见; may 可以;许可; will 用在第二人称疑问句中, 表示 征询对方的意见; 根据句意选 A。 13.【解析】选 C。句意:医生说锻炼对身体重要,但是必须是有规律的锻炼。can 一般表示D可能,或能力‖; will 表示D意志‖;may 表示D许可,可能‖;must 表示D必须‖。 14.【解析】选 A。句意为:我本来不应该看那部电影的―它会使我做噩梦的。从后半句部分D看那部电影 会给带来噩梦‖可知,前部分语境应是后悔看了这部电影,shouldn’t have done 意为D过去不应该做但实际上 做某事‖。 needn’t have done 表示D过去没有必要做而实际上做了某事‖; couldn’t have done 过去不可能做某 过某事;must 表示推测不可用于否定形式,故 D 项不存在。 【知识拓展】情态动词+have done 在高考中经常考查的几个角度: (1)must have done sth. 过去肯定做过某事 (2)can’t/couldn’t have done sth. 过去不可能做过某事 (3)could have done sth. 过去本来能做某事 (3)should have done sth. 过去本来应该做某事 (4)shouldn’t have done sth. 过去本来不应做某事 (5)may/might (not) have done sth. 过去可能(没有)做过某事- 24 - (6)needn’t have done sth. 过去没有必要做某事 15.【解析】选 B。句意:D如果我们走另外一条路,我们就有可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。‖由句意可知, 实际上我们没有走另外一条路,所以没能及时赶到这儿参加会议。本题是对过去动作的虚拟。对过去动作 虚拟时,主句用了 might + have +过去分词,从句用过去完成时 had + 过去分词。 16.【解析】选 D。句意:D我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗?‖ D不,千万不要。在这儿读吧。‖由句意可知此 处表示强烈禁止,mustn’t 千万别/不要,表禁止,所以选 D 项.。mightn’t 表示D可能不‖; won’t 表示D不 愿意‖;needn’t 表示D没必要‖。 17.【解析】选 C。句意为:―抱歉,史密斯教授,昨天我没有完成任务。―噢,你本应该完成的,昨天是 最后期限。should + have done 本该做某事(而事实上并没有做) ,表示对过去动作的虚拟。must have done 一定做了,与 I didn't finish the assignment yesterday 不相符;mustn't 表示D不允许,禁止‖,用在此处不恰当; shouldn’t have done 表示本来不应该做某事(而事实上做了) ,用在此处不符合逻辑关系。 18.【解析】选 B。句意为:―我可以将这本书带出去吗?―恐怕不行。表请求可用情态动词 can,may, could 或 might,故选项 B 正确。 19. 解析】 A。 【 选 句意: 马克没必要那么匆忙。 以最快速度开车, 他早到了半个小时。 arrived half an hour he early 为信息词,说明没必要那么匆忙。needn’t have done 表示D做了本来不必去做的事‖符合句意,所以选 A。B 项常用于虚拟语气中表示与过去事实相反的假设;C 项表禁止;D 项是本不可能做了某事。 20.【解析】选 D。句意:―约翰单独去的医院。―要是他告诉我这件事的话,我就会同他一起去了。根据 后面的主句可以看出是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气,对过去动作进行虚拟时,从句应用 had done,所以选 D。 21.【解析】选 A。考查虚拟语气用法。句意:D如果我知道这个电脑程序的话,就会节省大量的时间和精 力了。‖本句是对过去动作的虚拟,从句省略了 if 把 had 放到了句首,对过去动作进行虚拟时,主句谓语 动词形式用Dwould have done‖。 22.【解析】选 C。考查情态动词用法。她说,D你肯定弄错号码了,这儿没有叫这个名字的。‖must 表示 肯定的推测。 23. 【解析】 D。 选 句意: 你不能在这里停车!这里是紧急出口。 wouldn’t 就不会,往往用于虚拟语气中; needn’t 不必,没义务去做;couldn’t 不可能,表可能性; mustn’t 必须不做,表禁止,根据题意是不让他在这里停车, 表示禁止,所以选 D 项。 (八)时态和语态 1.(2010? 山东卷? T30)Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves- 25 - C. had savedD. has saved―No , I ______ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do3.(2010? 全国卷 I? T28)When you are home,give a call to let me know you _________ safely. A. are arriving C. had arrived B. have arrived D. will arrive4.(2010? 全国卷 I? T32)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune_________ A. is made C. was to be made B. would make D. had made5.(2010? 全国卷 II?T9)Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only of the women who ____ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C.has worn D.have worn6. (2010? 全国卷 II? T15) Linda, make sure the tables ____ before the guests arrive. A. be set B.set C. are set D.are setting7. (2010? 全国卷 II? T19) Excuse me. I _____ I was blocking your way. A. didn’t realize C. haven’t realized B. don’t realize D. wasn’t realizing8.(2010? 江苏卷? T23)―Why, Jack, you look so tired! ―Well, I _____ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting9.(2010? 江苏卷? T30)―Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation? ― We ________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be10.(2010? 安徽卷? T28)―Were you surprised by the ending of the film? ―No, I ____the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read11.(2010? 安徽卷? T34)―We’ve spent too much money recently. ―Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives ______around all the time. A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming12.(2010? 北京卷? 22). In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the &r& sounds at the end of the words .- 26 - A. are dropped C. are being droppedB. drop D. have dropped13.(2010? 北京卷? 24)―I've not finished with my dinner yet. ―But our friends A. will wait B. wait for us. C. have waited D. are waiting14.(2010? 北京卷? 26)―I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you want to return on September 20? ―Sorry, I _______ myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadn't made C. don't make B. wouldn't make D. haven't made15.(2010? 北京卷? 28)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they ______ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing16.(2010? 福建卷? 28). Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ______ before leaving their hometowns. A. promised C. have promised B. were promised D. have been promised17.(2010? 福建卷? 31)―Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. ―How nice! You ______ a different culture then. A. will be experiencing C. have been experiencing B. have experienced D. will have experienced a national wildlife reserve last year. D. names it. Was it you?18.(2010? 湖南卷? T24)This coastal area A. was named B. named C. is named19.(2010? 湖南卷? T27)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do20.(2010? 湖南卷? T31)I walked slowly through the market, where people vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have soldall kinds of fruits and21.(2010? 湖南卷? T34)I’m tired out. I A. shopped B. have shoppedall afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything. D. have been shopping ______since her marriage toC. had shopped22.(2010? 江西卷? 30). Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she Father.- 27 - A. shoulders C. is shoulderingB. shouldered D. has been shouldering23.(2010? 辽宁卷? T24)Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say DWhat’s your name?‖ in Russian. A.has been going B.went C.goes D.has gone24.(2010? 辽宁卷? T30).I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it. A.will do C.am doing B.do D.had done a lot lately.25.(2010? 陕西卷? 21)I have to see the doctor because I A. have been coughing C. coughed B. had coughed D. cough26.(2010? 上海卷? 28). Every few years, the coal workers A. are having C. have had B. have D. had hadtheir lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.27.(2010? 上海卷? 31)The church tower which A. has restored C. is restoring B. has been restored D. is being restoredwill be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.28.(2010? 四川卷? T16). ―When shall we restart our business? ―Not until we A. will finish C. are to finish our plan. B. are finishing D. have finished to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.29.(2010? 四川卷? T18)You’ve failed to do what you A. will expect C. expected B. will be expected D. were expected30 (2010? 天津卷? 4). We _____on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest. T A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked at the culture show of the 201031. (2010? 天津卷? T10) Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting C. are being exhibited B. is exhibiting D. is being exhibited32.(2010? 浙江卷? T5)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you ______ fresh watermelon in the fall.- 28 - A. eatB. would eatC. have eaten D. will be eating on the market in33.(2010? 重庆卷? T24).The book has been translated into thirty languages since it 1973. A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes34.(2010? 重庆卷? T29)The palace caught fires three times in the last century,and little of the original building _____ now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D.has been remained35.(2010? 重庆卷? T31)―Why do you want to work for our company? ―This is the job that I _____ for. A. looked 【答案解析】 1.【解析】选 D。句意为:截止到现在,这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。句中 的 up to now 是现在完成时态的一个典型标志, 此句要用现在完成时,由此排除其他选择项, 正确答案为 D 项。would save 过去将来时;saves 一般现在时;had saved 过去完成时,均不符合句意要求。 【知识拓展】时态考查题中的标志词或短语在解题中的作用: 在很多时态类考查题目中,找到解题的题眼就掌握了解题的金钥匙,所谓D题眼‖即指一些与特定时态连用 的一些表示时间的副词及介词短语。 (1)与一般过去时常用的短语:yesterday, last year, three years ago, in 1980 等,这些结构常常提示大家, 这些句子中的谓语动作发生在过去,而与现在没有关系,如: He lost a pen yesterday. (单纯的过去动作, 现在是否找到不知道)。 (2)某些副词或介词短语提示则说明其所在的句子要用现在完成时,如 since, ever since, so far, up to now, recently, lately, in the past few days 等,如: Ever since the first space flight made by Apollo 11 to the moon, the human beings have many more space explorations in the past 4 decades. 2. 解析】 A。 【 选 句意: ―你读完 《简爱》 了吗?―没有, 我昨天一直在做作业。 答句要表明昨天一整天D我‖ 是在做什么,表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作用过去进行时,因此选择 A 项。另外可以使 用排除法,题干中有 all day yesterday 时间提示为过去,应该选择与过去相关的时态,排除 D;B 为过去将 来时不符合题意;C 为现在完成时是表示过去的事情对现在的影响,因此也排除。 3.【解析】选 B。句意为D当你到家的时候,打电话给我让我知道你已经安全到家了‖。此处 B 选项使用现 在完成时表示将来完成,译为D已经……‖。A 项表示进行或将来;D 项表示将来;C 项为过去完成时 ,表- 29 -B. am to lookC. had lookedD.have been looking 示过去的过去,因此 C 项也可被排除。根据句意以及时间状语 When you are home 可知应选 B。 4.【解析】选 C。根据句中的谓语动词 led 可知此句叙述的事情与过去有关,故首先排除 A。make a fortune 表示D发财‖,由此可知从句中的主语 a fortune 与 make 之间应是被动关系,故选 C 项。was/were to be done 属于过去将来被动的一种形式。 5.【解析】选 B。此题考查定语从句中的时态与主谓一致,所以要注意定语从句中的主语即关系代词 who 指代的是谁。此处 who 指代的是 the only 而不是 the women,故谓语要用单数形式。当遇到定语从句修饰 的部分有 the(only) one of + 复数名词时,定语从句修饰的是 the(only) one。这样首先排除 A、D 两项;又 根据语境可知此处指 Barbara 目前穿着一件晚礼服,没有强调动作的完成,故又排除 C 项。句意:很容易 认出芭芭拉,因为她是穿着晚礼服的唯一的女士。 6.【解析】选 C。make sure 后面的从句中常用一般现在时或现在完成时。由此可知应从 B、C 中选。另外, set 与 the tables 之间是被动关系,所以选 C 项。 7.【解析】选 A。根据 I was blocking your way 可知主句的动作发生在过去,故可排除 B、C 两项。realize 在此处意思是D认识到‖,表示此意时,不能用于进行时态。故选 A 项。 8.【解析】选 D。句意:――咦,杰克,你看起来这么累!――哦,我一直在粉刷房子,我必须明天完成 这项工作。根据语境可知D粉刷房子‖这个动作一直进行到现在,并且还要继续进行下去。所以应用现在完 成进行时,选择 D 项。 9. 【解析】选 C。句意:―彼得,你们这些家伙在哪里过的暑假?――我们工作忙了几个月,所以就到海 边放松了一下。本题考查时态:根据上下文可知D忙于工作‖发生在动作D到海边‖之前,所以用过去完成时。 故选择 C 项。另外可以使用排除法,题干中 for months 是表示D段时间‖的状语,所以应该用完成时,故排 除 A 项和 D 项;另外根据上下文中的过去时态 did 和 went,我们排除现在完成时的 B 项。所以选择 C 项。 10.【解析】选 B。句意:―你对电影的结尾感到吃惊吗?―不,我读过这本书,所以我已经知道这个故事 了。根据句意,D吃惊‖就是过去的动作,而D读书‖应是过去的过去,故用过去完成时。 11.【解析】选 D。句意:―我们最近花的钱太多了。―是啊,这并不吃惊。我们的亲戚朋友不断地来玩啊。 根据句意可知,D来玩‖这个动作是从过去某一时起,到现在一直在重复的动作,所以应用现在完成进行时。 are coming 进行时表将来;had come 过去完成时,表过去的过去; were coming 过去进行时表过去将来。 12.【解析】选 A。句意:D在美国的一些地区,在英语口语中,词尾的&r&音经常被省略。‖又因为 drop 和 主语 sounds 之间是动宾关系,所以要用被动语态,可排除 B、D 两项。又因为单词的尾音省略是一种现 象,所以是经常发生的,而不是正在发生的,不能用现在进行时,因此可排除 C 项。 13.【解析】选 D。句意:D我还没有吃完饭哪。‖D但是我们的朋友在等我们。‖由语境可 wait 这个动作正在 进行,所以要用现在进行时。- 30 - 14.【解析】选 D。句意:D对不起,我不太理解你的话。你是说你想九月二十号回来吗?‖D对不起,我没 有表达清楚。我想十月二十号回来。‖由语境可知第二个人表示歉意的时候,他还没有让对方明白他的意 思,所以要用现在完成时,表示对现在造成的影响和结果,故选 D 项。 15.【解析】选 A。句意:D我用了很长的时间才完全意识到他们为我所做的一切。‖由句意可知,他们为我 做事发生在我意识到之前,我意识到用的是一般过去式,所以他们为我做事应是D过去的过去‖,因此应用 过去完成时。 16.【解析】选 D。句意:每年大量的农民来到深圳寻找他们在离开家乡前被许给的那些赚钱的工作。根据 语境可知,农民被许给赚钱的工作有完成被动意味,故选 D 项。 17.【解析】选 A。答语句意:好极了!到那时你们将体验一种不同的文化。根据语境可知,then 指的是还 没有来到的Dthis summer‖,表示将来某个时间在干某事,通常用将来进行时,故选 A 项。 18.【解析】选 A。句意为:去年,该海岸区被命名为国家野生动物保护区。该句表被动关系,故排除 B、 D 两项。由时间状语 last year 可知该用一般过去时,故选 A。 19.【解析】选 B。句意是:我正打算去修剪我的玫瑰树,但有人已经剪了,是你剪的吗? 从语境可以判断,这里需用过去完成时表示其动作先于前一分句 was just going to cut 的动作,故选 B 项。 20.【解析】选 B。这两句中的其它时态都是过去时,暗示了此处用过去进行时比较合适。句意为:我慢慢 走过市场,那儿人们正在出售各种水果和蔬菜。我仔细研究价格后买下了我所需要的。 21.【解析】选 D。句意:我很疲劳,整个下午一直在购物,好像还没完成任何事情呢。 现在完成进行时表示从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。从前后的语境来看,D 项正确。 22.【解析】选 D。句意:母亲想成为一个好的养家者,一个自从和父亲结婚以来一直扮演的角色,根据句 中的时间状语 since……可知应用现在完成时,故选 D 项。 23.【解析】选 A。句意:约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校,可是他仍然不能用俄语说D你叫什么名字?从 句意可知所表示的动作是从过去发生到现在一直进行着,而且还有可能继续下去,所以要用现在完成进行 时,因此选择 A 项。另外可以使用排除法,题干中有 since last year, 和 since 连用时句子的谓语动

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