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＞＞＞You must take the medicine according to the _________.[ ]A...
You must take the medicine according to the _________.&&&&
A. direction&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. directionsC. instruction&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. introductions
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“You must take the medicine according to the _________.[ ]A...”主要考查你对&&名词&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
名词的概念：
名词(Nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词（ProperNouns）和普通名词(CommonNouns），普通名词又可分为不可数名词和可数名词两大类。 名词的数：
1、名词复数的构成方法：(1)在一般情况下，加词尾-s： book/books书 pen/pens钢笔 face/faces脸 (2)以s, x, z, sh, ch等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es：bus/buses 公共汽车 box/boxes 盒子 dish/dishes 盘子注：有些以ch结尾的名词，由于其发音不是[k]而是[tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach/stomachs胃。 (3)以y结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y改为ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾s：city/cities 城市 boy/boys 男孩 key/keys 钥匙注：以y结尾的专有名词，若在某些特殊情况下需要复数，通常加s构成： Mary/Marys玛丽 Germany/Germanys德国 (4)以o结尾的名词，有些加词尾-s，有些加-es，有些加-s或-es均可： piano/pianos钢琴 tomato/tomatoes西红柿 zero/zero(e)s零 注：有人对英语中所有以o结尾的名词作了统计，一共近200个，其中绝大部分的复数形式通过加词尾-s构成，少数加词尾es。在中学英语范围内，加词尾es的主要有以下4个：tomato西红柿，potato土豆，hero英雄，Negro黑人 (5)以f或fe结尾的名词，也有两种可能：即有些直接加词尾-s，有些则把f/fe改为ves： chief/chiefs首领 roof/roofs屋顶 knife/knives小刀&注：在中学英语范围内，要改f/fe为ves的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词)：wife 妻子，life 生命，knife 小刀，leaf 树叶，thief 贼，half 一半，self 自己，shelf 架子，loaf 面包，wolf 狼。&& 另外，中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)一词的复数有两种形式：handkerchiefs/handkerchieves，但在现代英语中，以用handkerchiefs为多见。
2、单数与复数同形式的名词：中学英语中主要的有：sheep绵羊，fish鱼，deer鹿，Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人，Portuguese葡萄牙人，Swiss瑞士人，aircraft飞行器，means方法，series系列，head(牛等的)头数，works工厂，等。注：fish有时也用fishes这样的复数形式，尤其表示种类时；head若不是牲口的“头数”，而是表示“人的头”或“人数”，则要用heads这样的复数形式。
3、不规则的复数名词：有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则：man/men男人 woman/women女人 child/children小孩 tooth/teeth牙齿 foot/feet脚 goose/geese鹅 mouse/mice老鼠 ox/oxen公牛注：(1)一些以man,woman结尾的合成词，在构成复数与man,woman的变化形式相同，如：policeman/policemen警察，gentleman/gentlemen绅士，Englishman/Englishmen英国人，等等。但是human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿man的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即用humans,Germans。&(2)foot表示“英尺”时，其复数可以有两种形式feet/foot，如：He is about six feet/foottall. 他大约6英尺高。 名词可数性的三个易错点：&(1)根据汉语习惯将英语的物质名词误认为是可数名词。如：汉语中的“面包”，一般认为是可数的，可以说“一个面包”、“两个面包”等，但英语中的bread却通常是不可数的，不能相应地用a bread，two breads表示以上意思。不过有趣的是，loaf 表示“面包”却又是可数的，可说a loaf, two loaves。 (2)想当然地判断名词的可数性。如：有的学生认为news (消息)和paper (纸)都不可数，于是便想当然地认为 newspaper (报纸)就一定不可数，但事实上，newspaper却是可数名词；又如：有的同学认为 tear (眼泪)即“泪水”，并将其与water(水)相联系，认为tear 是不可数的，但事实上，tear却是可数的。&(3)受名词一词多义的影响。有的名词不止一个意思，且用于不同意思时，其可数性也有不同，不要形成思维思势。如：aim表示“目的”时是可数名词，表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词；又如 experience表示“经验”时不可数，表示“经历”时则可数；再如:fortune，当它表示“运气”时，不可数(=luck)，当它表示“命运”时，可数，当它表示“财产”时，不可数，但可与a连用。
可数与不可数名词的常用修饰语： (1)修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有：these, those, few, a few, many, a good[great] many, agreat[good]number of 等。注：a good[great]many后直接跟名词，没有介词of。&(2)修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有：this, that, a few, a little, a bit of, much, no, a great deal of 等。&(3)有些修饰语既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词：all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large amount of, a large quantity of等。&(4)有些名词形式上是复数，但却被用作不可数名词，使用much, little等修饰语：He hasn't got much brains.他没什么头脑。 He took much pains to do the work. 他费了不少心做这工作。&I said I wouldn't want much wages. 我说过我不要很多工资。It's high time you were taught a little manners.该是你学一点礼貌的时候了。
单位词与不可数名词数量表示法：单位词是表示事物个体性的词语，不可数名词通常没有复数形式，也不可以用个数计算，要表示不可数名词的个体性需借助单位词： a piece of paper一张纸 a piece of advice一条建议a piece of news一条消息 an article of furniture一件家具 a cake of soap一块香皂 a slice of meat一块a cup of tea一杯茶 a bottle of ink一瓶墨水& 注：不要按汉语习惯在不该用单位词的地方错用单位词，如“一张邮票”只能说a stamp，而不能说a piece of stamp。名词的可数性：
1、名词根据其可数性，可分为可数名词与不可数名词。一般说来，个体名词和大部分集合名词是可数的；而专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词以及少部分集合名词则通常是不可数的。但是这种区分只是大致的，原则性的，并不是绝对的。英语有些名词往往既是可数也可以是不可数的。 A：Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗? B：No, I don't like cake.不吃，我不喜欢吃蛋糕。以上第一句用a cake，这是把cake视为一块一块的“蛋糕”，所以它是可数的；而第二句只用cake，这是把它当作物质名词看待，所以它成了不可数名词。
2、不同类别名词的可数性。 (1)专有名词的可数性。在通常情况下，专有名词具有“独一无二”的含义，因此它通常没有复数形式，即不可数。但是，专有名词的独一无二性通常是相对的，随着范围的扩大，这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内，只有一个星期六(Saturday)，一个星期日(Sunday)等，但是在一个月中甚至一年中，便有多个星期六，多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说：We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。又如，在一个小范围内，可能只有一个Henry，但在一个较大的范围内则可能有多个Henry，因此我们有时会见到这样的句子：There are five Henrys in our school. 我们学校有五个亨利。另外，若专有名词转化成了普通名词，也可以是可数的：Thousands of LeiFengs have emerged in China.中国涌现出了千千万万个雷锋。 (2)个体名词的可数性。个体名词表示的是一个一个的人或物的个体，所以它通常是可数的。 (3)物质名词的可数性。由于物质名词在通常情况下不能分为个体，所以它通常是不可数的。但是，在某些特殊情况下(如表示种类等)，有些物质名词也可以连用不定冠词或用复数形式： wine酒(不可数)，a wine一种酒(可数)， beer啤酒(不可数)，two beers两杯啤酒(可数)&，glass玻璃(不可数)，some glasses一些玻璃杯(可数) (4)抽象名词的可数性。抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的，因此它通常是不可数的。但是，有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词(可数)，表示具有某种性质的人或事物：success成功(不可数)，asuccess成功的人或事(可数) ，pleasure愉快(不可数)，apleasure令人愉快的人或事(可数) (5)集合名词的可数性。集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，它本身通常是可数的，其复数形式表示多个集合体：a family一个家庭，three families三个家庭 a team一个队，two teams两个队 a crowd一群人，crowds多群人名词知识体系：
&特殊名词的复数形式：
1、复合名词的复数形式。通常是将其主要名词变为复数：passer-by/passers-by 过路人 shoe-maker/shoe-makers 鞋匠&& looker-on/lookers-on 旁观者 on-looker/on-lookers 旁观者 father-in-law/fathers-in-law 岳父 若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词加s：go-between/go-betweens中间人，媒人 know-all/know-alls 万事通注：由man/woman用于另一名词前构成的合成名词，两者均变为复数：man doctor/men doctors男医生&& woman writer/women writers 女作家 2、字母、文字、数字、符号等的复数形式。原则上加词尾-'s： There are two i's in the word"skiing". skiing.这个词里有两个字母i。 如：Mind your p's and q's. 要谨言慎行。&&&&&&&& All the–'s should be changed to+'s. 所有的正号应改为负号。注：若不至于发生混淆，也可只加词尾s。如：He was born in the 1930(')s. 他出生在20世纪30年代。 &&&&&&& Your 3(')s look like 8(')s. 你写的3看起来像似8。 3、度量衡单位的缩写词的复数形式。一般不加词尾-s： m(meter, meters)米 km(kilometer, kilometers)千米 kg(kilogramme, kilogrammes)千克 cm(centimeter, centimeters)厘米；有的缩写词也加s：hr(hours)/hrs(hours)小时 No(number)/Nos(Numbers)号码；有个别缩写词采用重复最后一个字母的方式构成复数形式：p.10(page10)第10页 pp.10(pages10through15)第10至15页
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hide sth from sb
固定搭配”把。。。藏在某人找不到的地方此句意为：你得一直把药藏在孩子们找不到的地方 再如：Why do you hide your thoughts away from me? 你为什么对我隐瞒你的想法？ 来自《简明英汉词典》
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A. 根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。1.—I can’t stand it any more. The computer is so slow.—Perhaps you need to1.restart&(重启) it.& 2.Many of the Australians like to take some2.outdoor&(户外) exercises. 3.I believe you will enjoy your3.success&（成功）if you don’t give up.&& 4.His father promised to buy him a4.notebook&(笔记本) but he didn’t keep it. 5.The story happened on a cold windy5.November&（十一月）afternoon. 6.Thank you. Your explanation is so6.clear&(清楚) that I am sure I’ve completely got it. 7.Mr Zhang bought a car yesterday. It is the7.newest&(最新的) of all the cars in our school. 8.Mrs Wang came to see me8.shortly&(不久)after Mr Zhang left my house. 9.The girl couldn’t wait to share her9.happiness&(happy) with her family. 10.All the farmers in my country are enjoying a cheap10.medical&(medicine) care now thanks to the party’s great policy(政策). 11.He said he was terribly sorry for the few11.mistakes&(mistake) he had made the day before. 12.The king decided to build a big palace12.specially&(special) for his new daughter. 13.All of us must do the washing and cooking by13.ourselves&(we) so that we can live better in the future. 14.In his speech he said that all his Chinese friends are worth14.making&(make) and he would come back to see them in a short time. 15.Xiangshui Senior High School will celebrate its15.sixtieth&(sixty) birthday this coming October.
本题难度：较难
题型：填空题&|&来源：2011-江苏省盐城市响水县初三第二次调研考试英语试卷
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习题“A. 根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。1.—I can’t stand it any more. The computer is so slow.—Perhaps you need to____(重启) it...”的分析与解答如下所示：
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A. 根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。1.—I can’t stand it any more. The computer is so slow.—Perhaps you need to____(重...
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经过分析，习题“A. 根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。1.—I can’t stand it any more. The computer is so slow.—Perhaps you need to____(重启) it...”主要考察你对“Unit”
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与“A. 根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。1.—I can’t stand it any more. The computer is so slow.—Perhaps you need to____(重启) it...”相似的题目：
My little brother hopes &&&& the film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.to seeseeto seeingsaw
Robert was always busy. One day, some naughty children wanted to make fun of &&&&&. One of them said to Robert, “There are birds’ eggs&&&&&&that tree. Could you please get them for us?” Robert wanted to help the children, &&&&&he knew that the naughty children would take away his boots if he left them on the ground. So he tied (捆) the boots to his body .“We’ll &&&&&your boots for you! You can leave them here,” said the children.“Thank you!” Robert replied. “But I’m quite busy .As soon as I get the &&&&&for you, I’ll go home.”【小题1】A．herB．himC．youD．me【小题2】A．inB．withC．forD．without【小题3】A．soB．orC．butD．because【小题4】A．put onB．look forC．take offD．take care of【小题5】A．eggsB．birdsC．kitsD．leaves&&&&
The performance was posted on line and before long, the 47-year-old Scottish woman has been famous all over the world.Speaking from her home in Scotland, Ms Boyle said that she hasn’t thought of changing her appearance. She said that her friend helped her with make-up. “I mean ,that’s hardly a makeover,” she added.Ms Boyle also spoke of the reason she first began& to explore her vocal talents, “I was kind of slow at school, so getting like singing was a good way of hiding behind that and thus it built my confidence.”【小题1】Susan Boyle is &&&&&A．a judgeB．a reporterC．a beautifulD．a Scottish woman【小题2】Susan Boyle had a look of satisfaction on her face when she was singing because&&&&.A．she was confident of her singingB．she was satisfied with the judgesC．she was pretty and in good shapeD．she sang the song I Dreamed a Dream from Les Miserables【小题3】According to the passage, which is NOT true?A．It was the vocal talents that built Susan’s confidenceB．Susan Boyle was not good at her lesson when at school.C．Susan Boyle became famous because of her appearance.D．Simon Cowell didn’t think Susan Boyle a good singer at the first sight.【小题4】What can we learn from Susan Boyle’s successA．It’s never too old to learn.B．It’s easier to succeed at the age of 47.C．If you have a dream, try to make it come true!D．If you are not able to study well, to be a singer instead.&&&&
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