从句中主句和从句的时态搭配问题_百度知道
从句中主句和从句的时态搭配问题
列举下宾语从句,定语从句和时间状语从句就OK了,越详细越好,关键是主句和从句的事态搭配形式,这是我们考试的重点啊!!
我有更好的答案
宾语从句可以遵循：主句用一般现在时,从句可以用任何时态.主句用一般过去时,从句只能用过去时（如过去完成时、过去将来时等）主句用一般过去时,但如果从句是真理,只能用一般现在时。其它名词性从句,基本遵循上述。条件句 （1）真实条件句：主将从现（2）虚拟语气：与现在事实相反 主句：would / might...+ 动词原形 从句：一般过去时与过去事实相反 主句：would/ might ...+ have done 从句：had done与将来事实相反 主句：would/ might...+ 动词原形 从句：一般过去时/ were to do / should do
采纳率：94%
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英语中六大从句用法总结 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time. The news came that their team had won the championship. 5.定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 *限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。 That is all that I've heard from him. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)关系代词的省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with. 3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day. 5.定语从句 *非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。 Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism. *“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句 “介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar. *as引导的定语从句 as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。 These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems) As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语) 6.状语从句 *时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有： 1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、结果和目的状语从句 1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。 Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that ,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *条件和让步状语从句 1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。 As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data. 2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。 No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind. Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young) Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child) *方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him. Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.
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　　2017中考英语语法专题练习及答案：宾语从句
　　宾语从句
　　考点聚焦
　　一、什么是宾语从句
　　在句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。
　　二、宾语从句的引导词
　　1、 that 无实意，用来引导句的宾语从句，口语中常省略。例如：
　　She told me that she had been to Hong Kong twice.
　　她告诉我她去过香港两次。
　　I know(that)the visitors are from Australia.我知道这些游客来自。
　　2、if或whether这两个词是“是否”的意思，主要用来引导一般疑问句或选择问句的宾语从句，口语中多用if，不能省略。例如：
　　He asked me if / whether I had been to Beijing twice.
　　他问我是否去过北京两次。
　　She wanted to know whether I would go there or not.
　　她想知道我是否想去那里。
　　3、疑问词when ，where，who，how等，这类词通常引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句。例如：
　　Can you tell me how I can find Mr Wang?
　　你能告诉我怎样才能找到王先生吗?
　　Please find out who broke the window.请查一下是谁打烂窗户的。
　　三、宾语从句的语序
　　凡是从句都必须使用“主语在前，谓语在后”的陈述语序，宾语从句也不例外，也就是说宾语从句的语序必须是“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”。例如：
　　误：Could you tell me where is the bus station?
　　正：Could you tell me where the bus station is?
　　四、宾语从句的时态一致
　　1、 当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句可以根据需要选择相应的时态，不受主句的影响;主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。例如：
　　I want to know what time he ate his breakfast.
　　我想知道他今天早晨几点钟吃早饭的。
　　They will tell us that they have been able to look after themselves.
　　他们将会告诉我们他们已经能照顾自己了。
　　I asked what my father was doing then.
　　我问那时我爸爸在干什么?
　　2、 当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象是，宾语从句的时态不受主句的时态的影响，仍然用一般现在时。如：
　　He said the moon moves round the earth.
　　他说月亮围着地球转。
　　She asked whether light travels faster than sound.
　　她问光速是否比声速快。
　　五、宾语从句的简化
　　由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中的主语与主句的主语或宾语相同时常常可以将宾语从句简化成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构。有时候由that引导的宾语从句也可以用动词不定式或者动词的ing形式来简化。如：
　　Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?
　　= Can you tell me how to get to the post office?
　　She don’t know whether she should go there with them or not.
　　= She don’t know whether to go there with them or not.
　　He can remember that he has climbed the tall tree.
　　= He can remember climbing the tall tree.
　　六、宾语从句的否定转移及其它
　　1、当I think/believe/guess等一些看法的词后面所接的宾语从句是否定句时，习惯上否定主句，采用“I don’t think/believe/guess+肯定形式的宾语从句”这种结构来表达。如：
　　我认为明天她不会来。
　　误：I think that she won’t come tomorrow.
　　正：I don’t　think that she will come tomorrow.
　　2、 对I think/believe/guess等动词后面所接的宾语从句进行划线部分提问时，要用“疑问词+do you think /believe/guess+宾语从句的剩余成分?”这种结构来表达。如：
　　你认为谁将在会上发言?
　　误：Do you think who will speak at the meeting?
　　正：Who do you think will speak at the meeting?
　　实战演练(2×50) 计分:
　　1—Could you tell me ______?
　　—It’s near the post office.
　　A. where is the bookstore
　　B. the bookstore is where
　　C. where the bookstore is
　　2.Many people are talking about this disease these days.
　　Could you tell me______?
　　A. how can I keep healthy B. how I can keep healthy
　　C. I can keep healthy
　　3. —Excuse me .Could you tell me____ I can get to the Space Museum?
　　—Of course. You can take bus No.1.
　　A.where B. how C .if
　　4—Do you know ______the girl in red is ?
　　—I’m not sure .Maybe a teacher.
　　A. when B. where C. what
　　5—What did your parents think about your decision?
　　—They always let me do _____I think I should.
　　A. when B. that C. what
　　6.I hear Tom lives here ,but I’m not sure_____.
　　A. which room he lives in
　　B. which room does he live in
　　C. he live in which room
　　7.—We can use QQ to communicate with each other online.
　　—Good. Will you please show me_____.
　　A. which to use B. how to use it
　　C. where to use it
　　8.There are many people downstairs. What do you think____?
　　A. to happen B. happening
　　C. has happened
　　9.—Guess ______I did yesterday!
　　—I think you went to a party.
　　A. where B. when C. what
　　10—Do you think ____he should go to the music club or not?
　　—Sorry, I have no idea.
　　A. that B. what C. whether
　　11.They will be thankful for _____you have done.
　　A. what B. that C. which
　　12.—Where does Mr.Black live? Can you guess?
　　— Sorry, I can’t guess____.
　　A. where does he live B. where he live in
　　C. where he lives
　　13.Could you let me know _____ yesterday?
　　A. why did you come late B. why you came late
　　C. why do you come late
　　14.We are not sure if it ____ tomorrow. If it _____,our sports meeting will be put off.
　　A. rains B . will rain
　　C. will rain
　　15.I want to know _____ the day after tomorrow.
　　A. what he will do B .what will he do
　　C .what he did
　　16. The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
　　A. took B. take C. will take
　　17. Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
　　A. has never gone B. had never gone C. had never been
　　18. The students want to know whether they___ dictionary today.
　　A. had B. has C. will have
　　19. She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
　　A. could she B. she could C. she can
　　20 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
　　A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels
　　21. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
　　A. who B. what C. when
　　22, I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
　　A. what B. if C. when
　　23. I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
　　A. that B. what C. which
　　24. She didn't know___ back soon.
　　A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
　　25. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
　　A. whether B. where C. what
　　26. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
　　A. what B. when C. why
　　27. He asked me _____told me the accident.
　　A. whom B. which C. who
　　28. They don't know ______their parents are.
　　A. that B. what C. why
　　29. Please tell me ______last year.
　　A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work
　　C .where your sister worked
　　30. She asked me if I knew ______.
　　A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is
　　31. You must remember ________.
　　A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
　　C. your mother said what
　　32. Did you know ____?
　　A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
　　C. who he is looking for
　　33. Could you tell me ___?
　　A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
　　C. when they will leave Beijing
　　34. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _he could buy the book on the table.
　　A. that B. how C. if
　　35. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
　　—He will help us with our English.
　　A. why B. when C. how
　　36. —We never know _____ the old man is.
　　—They say he is Liming’s father.
　　A. who B. what C. which
　　37. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.
　　A. that how B. how that C. that when
　　38. —Where do you think _____ he _____ the computer?
　　—Sorry, I have no idea.
　　A. /; bought B. bought C. buy
　　39. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning.
　　A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
　　C. what the matter was
　　40. Could you tell me _______?
　　A. When will Mary come back
　　B. When Mary comes back
　　C. When Mary will come back
　　41. Lucy didn’t know________ .
　　A. if Joe will go to Beijing . B. why did Joe go to Beijing
　　C. if Joe would go to Beijing
　　42. --Oh, sorry, I'm a little late. I couldn't remember___________.
　　---That's all right.
　　A. when will the meeting begin B. when the meeting would begin
　　C. When would the meeting begin
　　43-----Could you tell me ?
　　-----Pardon? You mean the police station?
　　A. Where is the police station
　　B. Where the police are
　　C. How can I get to the police station
　　44.-----Excuse me, what does the teacher want to know?
　　------He wants to know ________________.
　　A. when will you finish your work
　　B. when you finish your work
　　C. when you will finish your work
　　45. The professor didn't know _____ the meeting.
　　A. when he will have B. when he would have C. when would he have
　　46. –Did Jenny call me just now?--Yes, she wondered _____ tonight.
　　A. when you will be free B. that you would be free C. if you would be free
　　47. Cooking dinner is difficult. Could you tell me _____?
　　A. what to do it B. how to do it C. where to go
　　48. He is not sure _____.
　　A. which coat he should buy B. which he should buy coat
　　C. what coat he buy
　　49. You can’t imagine _____ when she heard the good news.
　　A. how she was happy B. how happy she was C. she was how happy
　　50. Could you please tell me ____now?
　　A. where is Mary
　　B. where Mary is
　　C. where Mary was
　　参考答案
　　1—5CBBCC
　　6—10ABCCC
　　11—15ACBAA
　　16—20ACCBC
　　21—25CBBAA
　　26—30ACBCB
　　31—35AACCA
　　36—40ACACC
　　41—45CBBCB
　　46—50CBABB
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英语-宾语从句中有六种情况 that不能省略 请问是哪6种?
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一般情况下,宾语从句中的that只起引导作用,在句中不做任何成分,没有实际意义,通常可以将其省略.例如,I think (that)he’ll be all right in a few days.Current trends indicate (that)transportation is becoming cleaner,faster and safer.但是,that在引导宾语从句时并非在任何情况下都可以省略.在以下情况中,that不能省略.（1）and 连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略也可以不省,但其它不能省略,以免产生误会：Galileo’s observations show (that) Copernicus, another great astronomer, was right and that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way around.(2) that引导的宾语从句放在except ,but 等介词后面的时候,that不能省略.He is a good student except that he is a little careless.(3) that 引导的宾语从句放在句首起强调作用的时候,that不能省略.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(4) 主句谓语动词和that引导的宾语从句之间有插入的时候,that不能省略 Everyone could see , I believe , that Tom was really afraid .(5) it 作形式宾语时,that 引导的宾语从句中的that不能省略.We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.(6) 在对话中简短回答时,如果that引导的宾语从句独立出现,that不能省略.---What did he say ?---That he won the first prize in the game .  (7) 在可接双宾语动词后that引导的宾语从句作直接宾语的时候,that不能省略.The foreign friend tells us that Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn .(8) 在that引导的宾语从句之前或之后紧接着一个状语的时候,that不能省略.He suddenly caught sight of the boy and realized at once that he had seen him before.(9) 在直接引语中,that引导的宾语从句与主句隔开的时候,that不能省略,.“I’m sorry to say,” he said ,“that you are not the suitable person for the work.”
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其他类似问题
在某些动词 如agree argue hold observe remark state 等之后 习惯上不省略
形式宾语It后that 不能省略
有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列and后的那个that不能省略
介词后面的that不能省略
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