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2013英语2真题及答案
来源：跨考教育
　　Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)　　Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. ___1___, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such a society have been ___2___ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment &would soon revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself,& only to ___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so ___5___ in coming?　　Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6___ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the ___8___ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they ___9___ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of &float&-it takes several days ___11___ a check is cashed and funds are ___12___ from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment ___14___ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there.　　 Because this is not an ___16___ occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and ___17___ funds by moving them from someone else&s accounts into their own. The ___18___ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to ___19___ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic ___20___ that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.　　1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise　　2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around&　　3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role　　4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse&　　5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady　　6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on　　7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive　　8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant　　9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print　　10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down　　11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when　　12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn　　13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though　　14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease　　15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed　　16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear　　17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return　　18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification　　19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for　　20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail&　　答案：　　1-5: ADBDC　　6-10: BBDBA　　11-15: ADCCC　　16-20: CABAD&　　【答案详解】&　　1. [标准答案] [A]　　[考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系　　[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：填空之后的信息为&a true cashless society is probably not around the corner .&（一个无现金社会不太可能马上出现），而文章之前的信息都是在说我们可能马上就进入一个无现金社会，两者之间出现了明显的转折关系，因此只有however符合题意。B. moreover表递进 C. therefore 表结果 D. Otherwise表对比&　　2. [标准答案] [D]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义　　[选项分析] 根据该句的but可知，其前后句子是转折关系。后一句是说这种形式的社会并没有真正有成果出来，所以前一句应该为这样的预测已经进行了二十年。其它选项不符合题意。&　　3. [标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及名词辨析　　[选项分析] 该句意思为，1975年的《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段&将很快彻底改变货币本身的____&。四个选项中，A.为力量 C&历史& D&角色&，语义不正确，且如果选择 role的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。&　　4. [标准答案] [D]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 根据only知道，空格处所填单词词义应与前一句的&revolutionize&（变革）发生同义替换，因此ABCD四个选项中只有D.reverse （颠覆）符合。A. reward 奖赏 B. resist 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续。&　　5. [标准答案] [C]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析　　[选项分析]根据上文得知，早在1975年就预测了无现金社会可能即将到来，而作者谈到实际上&真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来&，因此这种无现金社会只可能缓慢到来，故答案选择C。 A. silent沉寂的，B. sudden突然的，D. steady平稳的。　　6．[标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及介词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 填空所在段开头although表明对上一段的让步关系，上一段的观点为人们进入无现金时代的速度变缓慢的原因。因此这一段应该是说明尽管电子支付可能比纸币支付方式更方便更高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统&不会&消失的原因，只有B work against 违背、妨碍，符合题意。A. work for 为&而工作 C. work with 与&共事，对&起作用 D. work on 从事&工作，对&起作用，都不合适。&　　7.[标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析　　[选项分析]本填空所在句为对纸币支付&不会&消失原因的解释，即推广电子支付方式不利之处。所以该题选项先排除productive富有成效的。而imaginative，意思是&虚构的、富于想象力的&；sensitive，意思是&敏感的、易受伤害的&均不符合语义，只能选择消极含义的选项expensive。　　8．[标准答案] [D]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析　　[选项分析]空格所在句译为...使得电子货币成为____支付方式，将四个选项带入，C, D是比较恰当的，再结合本文章的主旨，应该选择&占主导地位的，支配地位&这层意思的D选项。A. similar 相似的B. original原始的，独创的,都不合适。　　9．[标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及名词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 纸质支票支付拥有能够____收据的优势，而客户一般都不愿____。收据当然是由银行开具，所以只能选择provide。A. collect 收集收据，C. copy 复印收据，D. print打印收据都和实际生活不符合。　　10．[标准答案] [A]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及固定搭配　　[选项分析]该动词短语的宾语是前文的something, 指代上文的advantage，纸质支票支付能够提供收据这一优势，肯定是消费者不愿放弃的。和优势相搭配的动词短语不能是B. take over接管，也不能是C. bring back拿回来，D. pass down传递、遗传也不符合。A. give up放弃一种优势，符合语境，为正确答案。&　　11．[标准答案] A　　[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系　　[选项分析] 本句是来解释 &float&的。空格前面意为&需要花几天&后半句意为纸支票兑现。上文提到讲纸支票的兑现不像是电子支票，是不会马上完成的，所以在纸支票在兑现前要是需要时间的。A before &在。。。之前&。B after &在。。。之后&。C since &自从&。D when &当。。。的时候&。结合上下文意思，很明显只有A符合语境。&　　12. [标准答案] D　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 从&and&一词可以看出此题与此11题紧密相连，若能正确理解上一题，此处就很容易选出。意思是在纸支票兑现及钱从帐户取出之前，A kept &保持&。B borrowed &借&。C released &释放，发布&。D withdraw &取钱&。所以结合上下文可以得出只有D项符合语境。&　　13．[标准答案] C　　[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系　　[选项分析]前句子含义是电子支票是及时的，后半句含义是用户不能享有&浮动&带来有好处。可以看出整句话是一个因为关系。A .Unless &除非&。 B .Until &直到。。。才&。C.Because &因为&。D .Though &然而&。根据上下文含义，应选C.&　　14．[标准答案] C　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 此处是一个短句，明显缺少一个谓语动词，通过最后一个单词concerns可以看出本句的含义是电子支付方式引发安全及隐私的问题。四个选项中只有raise和concerns搭配时符合文意。所以选C。　　15. [标准答案] C　　[考点分析] 后置定语　　[选项分析]存储信息是通常有固定的动词store。所以选C。&　　16. [标准答案] C　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析　　[选项分析] 上文提出电子支票的坏处，本句话意思是&因为这种事情经常发生&，所以形容意思应为普遍的，但因为本句用的双重否定表肯定，所以选填词汇意思应为不普遍的。结合选项A unsafe &不安全&。B unnatural &不自然的&。C uncommon &不是普遍的& D&　　unclear &不清楚的&。所以只有C项符合本句话意思。&　　17. [标准答案] A　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词义辨析　　[选项分析] 本句话是讲电子支票的存在的风险，含义是那些不道德的人就可能通过转移帐户从而偷取别人的存款。动词应为贬义，可以排除 [B] [C] [D]选项。故选[A]。&　　18. [标准答案] B　　[考点分析] 上下文语义及名词义辨析　　[选项分析] 上文提出电子支票的风险，本句话提出解决办法，但是防止此类诈骗不是容易的事。结合选项A consideration &考虑&。B prevetion &阻止，防止&。C manipulation &操纵& D jusitification&理由，辩护&。结合语境只有B符合。&　　19. [标准答案] A　　[考点分析] 动词固定搭配　　[选项分析] 根据上下文应该选一个&应对&安全问题含义的动词词组，所以可以排除C项和D项，B是&对抗，反抗&，A 是&处理应对&，所以A项是最佳答案。&　　20. [标准答案] D　　[选项分析] 上下文语义及名词词义辨析　　[考点分析] 本句提出电子支票的另一个风险，电子支票可追踪包括大量有关个人购物习惯的信息。根据文意可以排除A 项和B项，C path &小路，道路,强调路径。D trail &痕迹，踪迹&，符合上下文，所以选D。　　Section II Reading Comprehension　　Part A&　　Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)　　Text 1　　In an essay entitled &Making It in America&, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,& a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.&　　Davidson&s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.　　In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won&t earn you what it used to. It can&t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.　　Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there&s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,& In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.　　There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.　　In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.　　21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______　　[A] the impact of technological advances　　[B] the alleviation of job pressure　　[C] the shrinkage of textile mills　　[D] the decline of middle-class incomes　　22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______　　[A] work on cheap software　　[B] ask for a moderate salary　　[C] adopt an average lifestyle　　[D] contribute something unique　　23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______　　[A] gains of technology have been erased　　[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed　　[C] factories are making much less money than before　　[D] new jobs and services have been offered　　24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____　　[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution　　[B] to ensure more education for people　　[C] ro advance economic globalization　　[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century　　25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?　　[A] New Law Takes Effect　　[B] Technology Goes Cheap　　[C] Average Is Over　　[D] Recession Is Bad　　【答案】　　【答案详解】　　21．标准答案： A　　考点分析：此题考查考生对文章细节信息的把握能力，解题的关键在于定位和辨别细节信息。　　选项分析：根据题干提示信息，我们定位到文章第一段的最后两句&&a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.&， 说如自动化的纺织厂，他们只需要两个员工&一个人外加一条狗。人是负责喂狗的，狗是让人不要靠近机器的。&近年来考研阅读常常用故事或是笑话引出文章所要谈论的主题。因此，我们再继续看第二段内容。第二段引出文章话题：全球化和信息科技革命进步是造成失业率居高不下、中产阶级收入下降的主要原因。因此选择答案A。选项B为就业压力的缓解，与本文谈论话题向左；选项C现代纺织厂规模的缩减，望文生义；选项D中产阶级收入的减少，不是文章谈论的重点，文章重在谈论造成中产阶级收入的减少的原因。　　22. 标准答案： D　　考点分析：此题考查考生对文章细节信息的把握能力，解题的关键在于定位和辨别细节信息。　　选项分析：根据题干提示信息，我们定位到文章第三段的倒数第二句&Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra & their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment&，&因此，人人都需要有另外的价值：异于常人的独特价值能够让他们在各自的雇佣市场上脱颖而出。& stand out与题干中的successful同义复现，题干中问我们为了成为成功的雇员，他必须怎么做。答案D中的contribute something unique是对their unique value contribution的同义改写，因此，答案选择D。其他三个选项均与文章内容不相符合。选项A，work on cheap software继续生产廉价的软件；选项B，ask for a moderate salary索要适当的薪水；选项C，adopt an average lifestyle选择一般的生活方式。　　23. 标准答案：B　　考点分析：此题考查考生对文章细节信息的定位和理解能力。此类题目的解题关键在于根据题干信息定位，本题的&Paragraph 4&，&quotation&即为定位信息。　　选项分析：根据第四段引用的Davidson的原话，&2009年之前的十年内，美国工厂裁撤工人速度之快，基本上等于过去70年新增的工人数量；大概每三个工作岗位就有一个岗位消失了，总共约有600万之多。&可知引用这段话的主题为裁员，且速度很快，这符合B项工作机会急速消失，故此项为正确答案。AC两项文章中没有提到，D项和B项互为相反项，结合文章来看工作机会在消失而不是出现了新的工作机会，故D项错误。　　24. 标准答案：B　　考点分析：此题考查考生对文章的细节信息的把握能力，关键在于定位和对文章的理解。　　选项分析：根据题干信息提示&unemployment&，结合自然段定位法，我们不难定位到文章倒数第二段最后一句&Here are the latest unemployment rates from&&下面是美国劳工局对美国25岁以上人群的最新失业率统计：高中学历都没有的失业率为13.8%；有高中学历，但没有大学学历的为8.7%；有大学或大专学历的为7.7%；有学士甚至更高学位的只有4.1%。从这句话可知失业率主要和员工的受教育程度相关。因此如果想要减少失业率，最重要的应该是选项B&确保更多的人受到教育&。ACD项均和文章不符。　　25. 标准答案：C　　考点分析：本题考核的知识点是全文主旨。可以根据文章中的主要内容作答，亦可以根据以上题目的共同焦点作答。　　选项分析：文章第一段通过一个笑话指出现代化社会技术的进步程度，使得劳动力大大减少。其余各段进一步论证了失业率的增加，因此一个追求平庸的时代已经结束了，人们需要提高自身教育水平，才能够保证不被淘汰。最后一段第一句话再次强调说平庸时代已经正式结束了。因此选项C为最恰当的标题。A项&新的法律要实施&仅在最后一段提到一句，不能涵盖文章主旨。B项&科技走向廉价&不符合文意。D项&经济衰退有害&与文章无关。
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