When e-smokers breathe out, what do we breathe in?
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“Us Tareyton smokers would rather fight than switch.” That was the slogan for , whose ads featured smokers with blackened eyes. It was as if they’d had to fend off thugs from Kool or Lucky Strike who were intent on prying their precious Tareytons from their nicotine-stained fingers.
I don’t know whether electronic cigarette users are as pugilistic, but after my column last week on whether using those devices — what’s known as “vaping” — , I heard from both sides of the matter.
John Kelly writes "John Kelly's Washington," a daily look at Washington's less-famous side. Born in Washington, John started at The Post in 1989 as deputy editor in the Weekend section.
Lyle Feisel of St. Michaels, Md., wrote: “It seems to me that in the issue of e-cigarettes in public places, the first question that needs to be answered is this: If a vaper is vaping vapor in a public place and devapes some prevaped vapor, will I, a habitual breather, unwillingly vape that devaped vapor and thereby absorb some noxious elements or detect some obnoxious odors?”
Or, to look at it from the other direction: “If e-cigs emit only harmless vapor, then why should their use be banned where smoking is banned?” asked Jeff Barron of Easton, Md. “Because people don’t like the way it looks?
The crux of the matter is this: It may be odd to see someone “smoking” a “cigarette” on a Metro train or bus, but am I going to be harmed by e-cigarettes?
According to a Food and Drug Administration spokeswoman, “Further research is needed to assess the potential public health benefits and risks of electronic cigarettes and other novel tobacco products.” (CHRISTIAN HARTMANN/REUTERS)
The industry says no. “It wouldn’t do anything to you,” said Ray Story, head of the Atlanta-based Tobacco Vapor Electronic Cigarette Association. “Some of the cologne would probably be far more repulsive than a couple of people vaping.” Of course, Ray has a vested interest. He also heads a company that sells e-cigarettes. He says no research has proved a link between second-hand vapor and anything bad. He thinks people should be allowed to vape anywhere, including on public transportation.
“The worst thing we can do is take an individual who’s made a conscious choice to utilize a product that is less harmful [than cigarettes] and then put him back in those smoking areas where for sure he is going to be subject to second- and third-hand smoke,” he said. Not so fast, said Tobias Schripp, a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany .
“It is a common misunderstanding that the exhaled vapor is ‘just water vapor,’ ” Tobias wrote me in an e-mail. A recent study he conducted found that nicotine and propylene glycol — a compound used in fog machines — can be found in e-cigarette exhalations. He did not find formaldehyde, which is common in real cigarettes. But Tobias pointed out that some people are sensitive to propylene glycol. So, e-cigs are better than real cigs, but possibly not as good as no cigs at all. Or, as a study by the German Cancer Research Center concluded: “Adverse health effects for third parties exposed cannot be excluded because the use of electronic cigarettes leads to emission of fine and ultrafine inhalable liquid particles, nicotine and cancer-causing substances into indoor air.” On our side of the Atlantic, an Food and Drug Administration spokeswoman e-mailed: “Further research is needed to assess the potential public health benefits and risks of .” By the way, things are as murky on New York City’s subways as they are on ours. An MTA spokeswoman responded via e-mail: “The advent of electronic cigarettes is such a new phenomenon that it is not specifically addressed in MTA New York City Transit’s current Rules of Conduct. The New York City Police Department provides security and enforcement for all subway rules. We will monitor the situation and see whether an update to the rules is required at some point in the future.”
Mike Kelley of Alexandria questions whether Metro can police e-cigarettes anyway. He said he’s seen more people consuming food on the subway recently without consequence. “If they’ve got clearly defined and widely publicized policies on no eating or drinking on the trains but cannot enforce them, what does it matter if they develop a policy for e-cigarettes?” Mike wrote. I don’t think the two things are that different, actually: Like eating, vaping involves repeatedly sticking something in your mouth and taking it out. We don’t like it when someone uses a fork to shovel lo mein into his or her pie hole on the Green Line, so why should we tolerate a fake cigarette? But obviously, more study is needed.
For previous columns, /johnkelly.
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Incorrect emailWhat is Water?
States of WaterWater
exists in three states- solid, liquid, and gaseous. This
is a K-5 Activity ---& Liquid Water-
water is found in many places. You see liquid water coming out of the faucet,
when it rains, and running in a river. Pure liquid water is free of salt, rocks,
soil, and garbage.
Solid Water-
snow, and frost are examples of water in the solid state. Liquid water freezes
at 0 degrees Celsius. Celsius is scale that measures temperature. What instrument
do you use to measure temperature? Winter is a season that you see a lot of solid
water. Other examples of solid water are ice cubes, icicles, ice on a skating
Water as a Gas -Look
at this picture of gas
don't see anything because gas is invisible. Water in the
liquid state may change to water in the gaseous state. Water evaporates
to turn into a gas. Gases are colorless and odorless. You cannot see gas ,but
sometimes you can hear it and smell it. What are some ways that you can hear or
smell a gas? Water can evaporate or disappear with
the help of heat. Changes in temperature can increase the rate or how long
it takes water to evaporate. Evaporate means to disappear. Water can evaporate
from soil. It evaporates off wet clothes hanging on a clothesline. Plants release
water vapor into the air. We breathe out water vapor. TRY
1. Dry your
hand with a towel. Feel your palm. Is it wet or dry?
Hold your hand in front of your mouth about 1 inch away from you. Breathe out
slowly about 8 times on to the palm of your hand. Do not blow. When you are done,
feel your palm. What does it feel like? Is it wet or dry? Your
palm should have felt wet to you. That moist feeling was water vapor. Remember
that we breathe out water vapor. If you have a dog or a cat, you can feel the
water vapor that they breathe out. Try this with a mirror. See the water droplets
form on the mirror. The water vapor that you breathed out is now becoming liquid
water on the mirror. Why?
Let's find out
why...What happens to water as it changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas?The
changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas or from a gas to a liquid to a solid
are called a phase changes. When substances such as water change phase, its physical
properties change, but not its chemical properties. Melting, freezing, condensation,
and evaporation are examples of phase changes.The phase of a substance depends
on temperature and pressure. The pictures below show how molecules of water look
in each phase. Notice how solid water molecules are bunched together and how far
apart the gas molecules are.
and gif animations written and designed by Sheila M. Estacio. Please send comments,
praises, gripes, questions to英语翻译How can we protect forests"Suggested Outlines:What are forests?What are the uses of forests?What can we do to protect forests?稍微连贯一点 不要太琐碎 、不少于5句话 、 表跑题 撒油娜拉 、_作业帮
拍照搜题，秒出答案
英语翻译How can we protect forests"Suggested Outlines:What are forests?What are the uses of forests?What can we do to protect forests?稍微连贯一点 不要太琐碎 、不少于5句话 、 表跑题 撒油娜拉 、
英语翻译How can we protect forests"Suggested Outlines:What are forests?What are the uses of forests?What can we do to protect forests?稍微连贯一点 不要太琐碎 、不少于5句话 、 表跑题 撒油娜拉 、
Forests are areas covered with a lot of trees.Forests can provide food ,wood and medicine to human.And they can turn the air to fresh.We can use less wooden things to protect forests.We also need to let other people know the importance of protecting forests.森林是覆盖着大量树木的地区.森林能为人类提供食物木材和药物.他们也能改善空气.我们可以少使用木制产品来保护森林.我们也需要让其他人知道保护森林的重要性.
我们怎样才能保护森林”　　建议的轮廓。　　什么是森林吗?　　有什么用途的森林?　　我们能做什么来保护森林吗
Forest is the source of t forests are important it alsomanufactures oxygen to clean up the air.we should protect the trees biside us. also wu should plant more trees every year and call for more people to protect forests.
How can we protect forestsForest is the lung of the earth.It not only keep the water from vaporizing but also keep the air fresh.But the forest is now badly destroyed by humanbings,so we should plant more and more trees to protect our forests.....后面自己加吧 呵呵~