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2014考研英语二真题阅读理解分析及文章出处
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2014考研英语二真题阅读理解分析
综合来说今年的阅读理解符合考研英语二大纲的难度水平，或许有些同学会因为第四篇阅读中出现的一些专业词汇和一词多义现象所难到，但只要静心阅读就不太会出现理解上的障碍。
2014年考研英语阅读四篇文章的出处分别是：《经济学人》的《金钱和幸福》（Money and happiness）；《星报在线》的《怎样改善自己的相貌》（How we really rate our looks）；《劳伦斯日报》的《科学发现情绪会影响眼泪的化学成分》；《英国卫报》的《综合开支审查可能会扭转房市危机》（Comprehensive spending review could turn the housing crisis around）
同样，考研命题组对这四篇文章都有适当的删减和修改，但并没改变原文意思，考生不用担心会有过难理解的句子出现。从以上分析不难看出，考研英语命题的选材依旧偏向于各大外媒报纸中的经典文章，题材多样且具有趣味性。
这就要求考生在平时的复习的过程中多浏览国外著名报纸以扩展自身的知识面，同时提升自己的阅读能力。针对题源出处的总结问题，考研1号系列考研英语一真题书《考研真相》和考研英语二真题书《考研圣经》，对历年真题的出处都有系统的分析总结。考生可参考这两本真题解析书中的详细分析给自己制定一个合适的课外预读计划，这样循序渐进、长期积累定会有意想不到的效果。
2014考研英语二真题阅读理解文章出处
原文出处：经济学人（The Economist）
原文标题：《金钱和幸福》（Money and happiness）
刊登时间：Jun 22nd 2013
原文节选：WHAT would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria MacKenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house inFloridato collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. The blogosphere is full of advice for this lucky Powerball pensioner. But if she hopes her new-found lucre will yield lasting feelings of fulfilment, she could do worse than read &Happy Money& by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.
These two academics&she teaches psychology at theUniversityofBritish C he lectures on marketing atHarvardBusinessSchool&use an array of behavioural research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and palatial homes on remote bluffs. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old- remorse creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dunn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time&as stories or memories&particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most &happiness bang for your buck&. It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason McDonald&s restricts the availability of its popular McRib&a marketing gimmick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
Readers of &Happy Money& are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfilment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors& policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
原文出处：星报在线（The Star Online）
原文标题：《怎样改善自己的相貌》（How-we-really-rate-our-looks）
刊登时间：June 29, 2013
原文节选：Some advertising would have us believe that we&re more beautiful than we think we are. In fact, the reverse may be true.
WE HAVE a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing (to use the psychological terminology) strategies to achieve this.
Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the &above-average effect&, or &illusory superiority&, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving (across the ages and genders) and 85% at getting on well with others & all obviously statistical impossibilities.
We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticised, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own self-esteem. We strut around thinking we&re hot stuff.
Psychologist and behavioural scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a line-up, including versions that had been morphed to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is &an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation&. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely-flattering image & which most did & they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.
Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most (that is, the participants who thought the most positively-doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real, directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem.
&I don&t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion,& says Epley. &It&s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves.& If you are depressed, you won&t be self-enhancing.
Knowing the results of Epley&s study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves so viscerally & on one level, they don&t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer&s paradise, where people can share only the flukiest of flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles. It&s not that people&s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, &but they portray an idealised version of themselves&. (People are much more likely to out-and-out lie on dating websites, to an audience of strangers.)
原文出处：劳伦斯日报（Lawrence Journal-World）
原文标题：《科学发现情绪会影响眼泪的化学成分》
刊登时间：March 1984
原文节选：
原文出处：英国卫报（The guardian）
原文标题：综合开支审查可能会扭转房市危机（Comprehensive spending review could turn the housing crisis around）
刊登时间：June 2013
原文节选：The government has been slow to wake up to the fact that housing is potentially one of the important drivers of economic recovery.
As Danny Alexander, chief secretary to the Treasury, recently made clear in a speech to the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, when the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.
Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to jostle for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged. This government does not want to see a return to large-scale provision of council housing, so it is naturally wary of measures that will lead us down that route.
Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.
The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.
There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. The cap, introduced in 2012 as part of the Housing Revenue Account reform, has been a major issue for the sector. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.
Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.
Finally, they should look at the way in which public sector land is released. Currently up-front payments are required, putting a financial burden on the housing provider. A more positive stimulus would be to encourage a system where the land is made available and maintained as a long-term equity stake in the project.
But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing &4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition's spending plans if it returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to the era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.
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在线时间：9:00-18:00求一篇英语作文wonderful trip 要点是 1我非常喜欢旅行 2 有一次旅行让我终生难忘 160个字左右_百度作业帮
求一篇英语作文wonderful trip 要点是 1我非常喜欢旅行 2 有一次旅行让我终生难忘 160个字左右
求一篇英语作文wonderful trip 要点是 1我非常喜欢旅行 2 有一次旅行让我终生难忘 160个字左右
Last autumn we took a trip to Qianshan by bus.It is about thirty miles from the city.We planned to put up in a hotel there in order to watch the sun rise the next morning.As soon as we got there,we began to climb up the mountains.How great the sight is!We felt as if we had entered amother world full of beauty,peaeefulness and loveliness.There are hundreds of mountains,one after another.there are magnificent cliffs,one above another.We climbed up vigorously and breathed the fresh air greedily.As the sun was going down,we descended to a little hotel at the foot of the hill,where we had a big dinner,and then went to bed early so as to regain the energy ior the expedition next morning.Before daybreak,we reached the peak of the highest mountain after a hard groping and climbing in the dark.Unaware of the cold wind,we stood motionlessly,with our eyes fixing at the hr end of the east.Suddenly thin ravs of red hue spread across the sky.As the redness deepened,some mysterious clouds moved across thc sky,dividing heaven from the earth.Just at this moment,up from the brightening far east rose the sun.It was so red and yet so tender that we could gaze at it with naked eyes.and a slight applause from us.the amazed spectators,rang through the peak.Up,up it rose,adding to itself strength and glory at every step.It dazzled with vigour,driving away darkness,cold,and misery from the earth,and bring light,warmth,and happiness to men.We were completely amazed at the wonder and the greatness of nature.We jumped and shouted like innocent children and we bathed in the first rays of the sun with the peak till it was time for our return.A wonderful trip i took a wonderful trip recently with my family.that must be the most wonderful trip i had ever taken,i think.i can stil remember it clearly because it was such a meaningful trip.on that day,we went to the movie theater in the centre of the city.we watched a war movie.it was also a documentary.the soldiers in the movie were all being armed to teeth,they were being armed with armours,axes and swords.i learned about ancient constructions and i knew whatever happens,we shouldn't give up,we should face to the difficulties.then we went to the a club about science.there was a member of the club giving a speech on dreams.he said that dreams took us about one quarter of our sleep time.they came to us over and over again.the thoughts we thought about all day long could be carried over into dreams.too much dream could be harmful,our brain could't relax well with too many dreams,sometimes ,we could get new ideas of our study from dreams,but usually ,at other times ,the dreams might disappear quickly from memory.after the speech,we went back home without taking bus.we walked home.i learnt much knowledge that day.though we ddn't go to any scenic spot,we had a good day and it was also unforgottenful day.i would never forget it.欢迎来到高考学习网，
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英语·必修 5(人教版)B卷　综合检测
(测试时间：120分钟　评价分值：135分)
第一部分　语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
I was in Chinatown when I observed some elderly men just sitting around.They all__1__well.When they sat in a row，wearing decent(体面的)clothing，they__2__chatted with their neighbors while most times they just stared at passers-by.They__3__me of the pigeons(鸽子)that perch(栖息)on a fence happily.They seemed，like they were just passing time.At least they were__4__doing nothing.
To do nothing is a(n)__5__.It allows us to slow down.It's__6__and it improves health and reduces the chances for heart disease too!
However，don't confuse it with having nothing to do.Some people just__7__because they have nothing to do and have no idea what to do.The only other thing that__8__itself to behave like this is a headless chicken，wandering around without aim.
There is a difference between doing nothing and having nothing to do.One is done__9__while the other is a product of consequence.If you find yourself wandering__10__，it's time to rest.Wandering around，feeling anxious and__11__is a sign of burnout(倦怠)．It could be from work，studies，and even arguments with a loved one.If your__12__an mood is not controlled，you might get depressed.Take a(n)__13__；give yourself a chance to be like a pigeon just perching somewhere.
If you need__14__on how to do this，you may consult any of the old men sitting in Chinatown.You may be invited to hang out with them.If not，pick up a__15__hobby，which can help you find a new world.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。坐在街边上的一排老人让作者想起了栖息在篱笆上的鸽子。放慢你生活的步伐，去寻找心灵的那份宁静吧！
1. A.competed
B．performed
C．dressed
D．studied
解析：由下文wearing decent(体面的)clothing及对这些老人生活状态的描述得出：这些悠闲的老人已经没有什么家庭负担，他们穿着(dressed)很好。
答案：C2. A.always
B．sometimes
解析：从本空后most times可知：当他们坐成一排时，有时(sometimes)互相闲聊。但是，多数情况下他们只是看着路人。
答案：B3. A.informed
D．reminded
解析：本空后就是这些老人让作者想起的事物：这些老人让作者想到(reminded)那些快乐地栖息在篱笆上的鸽子。
答案：D4. A.happy
B．careful
C．serious
D．attractive
解析：根据上下文老人的状态可知：他们无所事事，心情快乐(happy)。
答案：A5. A.art
B．disaster
D．challenge
解析：本段讲述什么事情也不做的好处，所以作者认为这也是一种艺术(art)。
答案：A6. A.frightening
B．calming
C．exciting
D．confusing
解析：从上文slow down及下文improves health and reduces the chances for heart disease得出：它能让人心气和(calming)。
答案：B 7. A.argue
解析：根据下文wandering around可知：他们无事可做，也不知道该做什么。
答案：B8. A.teaches
B．persuades
解析：只有无头脑的鸡才会让(allows)自己这样(无目的地闲逛)。
答案：D9. A.luckily
C．normally
D．purposely
解析：根据下文a product of consequence可知，此处是指一个是有目的，另外一个却是结果的产物。
答案：D10.A.hungrily
C．aimlessly
解析：由第9空后without aim判断：如果你发现自己漫无目的地(aimlessly)闲逛，那么你就该休息一下了。
答案：C11．A.amazed
B．excited
C．frightened
解析：与本空前restless构成并列：到处闲逛，感到焦躁不安和无聊(bored)就是你倦怠的迹象。
答案：D12.
C．experience
解析：从下文get depressed可知：如果你不能掌控你的精力(energy)和情绪，那么你就可能变得沮丧。
答案：B13.
解析：由第l0空后it's time to rest得出：休整一下(break)，给自己一个机会能够像一只悠闲栖息的鸽子。
答案：A14.
A.ambition
B．encouragement
C．agreement
解析：根据下文consult可知：如果你需要关于此的建议(advise)，你可以去咨询坐在唐人街上的任何老人。
答案：D15．A.old
B．popular
D．familiar
解析：根据下文a new world可知：如果不行，你可以开始一个新(new)爱好，这会帮你找到一个新天地。
答案：C第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
We high school students do have some growing pains，but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely.16.____，some of us are upset 17.____ our body styles and looks.It's unnecessary and it's not important at all.We needn't care about it.It is one's inner beauty 18.____ matters.Second，we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 19.____ our teachers，parents and classmates.20.____ (face)with this，we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them，trying to remove the 21.____ (understand)．Some of us have fewer friends.I think being open-minded and friendly will do us good.Third，we may fall behind others,22.____ makes us stressed.Actually we can encourage 23.____ to work efficiently，full of 24.____ (determine)．At last，some of us don't have much pocket money，so we feel unhappy.Isn't it strange? So long as we have some，that's enough.And we can learn 25.____ to spend money.
16．解析：下文有second，third等，此处用first，列举成长中的烦恼。
答案：First
17．解析：词组be upset about sth.的意思是“因……而难过/烦恼”。
答案：about
18．解析：这里是强调句型：It is...that...
答案：that
19．解析：be misunderstood by表示 “被误解”。
20．解析：Faced with is＝When we are faced with this：当我们面临这个问题时。
答案：Faced
21．解析：remove the misunderstanding(s)的意思是“消除误会”。
答案：misunderstanding(s)
22．解析：which引导非限制性定语从句。
答案：which
23．解析：encourage ourselves：自我鼓励。
答案：ourselves
24．解析：介词of 后用名词，所以填determination。
答案：determination
25．解析：这里指学会如何花钱。
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.
In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.
Professor Hawking said：“My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，” he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.”
But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”
语篇解读：文章向我们介绍了传奇科学家霍金。26．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.
B．Stephen Hawking couldn't read at the age of 7.
C．Stephen Hawking's handwriting was once terribly bad.
D．Stephen Hawking's sister once performed much better than him.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段的“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的，但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。
答案：A27．We can infer that Stephen Hawking was________when he was a child and studied in Oxford University.
解析：推理判断题。由第一段特别是But outstanding astrophysicist Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.和第二段开头句可知，他小时候和在大学里是非常懒惰的。故选B项。
答案：B28．What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?
A．Patience.
B．Knowledge.
C．Disease.
D．Laziness.
解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“...only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone disease made him concentrate on his work.”可知，是“运动神经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。
答案：C29．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Stephen Hawking didn't realize his dreams in physics.
B．It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.
C．The purpose of the doctor's diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.
D．His life might be taken away by long hard work.
解析：段落大意题。由最后一段，特别是信息句“He said，‘When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.'”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。故选B项。
答案：B30．From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at school?
A．His sister.
B．His classmates.
C．His teachers.
D．His parents.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知，尽管老师不看好他，同学仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号，他们从他身上看到好的一面。
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse.
Now Halley set to work, He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years
and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.
In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honour.
语篇解读：本文讲述科学家哈雷发现哈雷彗星的运行轨迹和特点。
31．Halley made his discovery________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
解析：细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，其他选项与本文内容不符。
答案：C32．Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year________.
A．1704　　B．1705　　　　　　C．1706　　D．1707
解析：计算推理题。首先确定彗星下次出现的时间是l758年，然后确定这一时间距离他预测的时间是53年，05。
答案：B33．This text in general is about________.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，就可以看出文章的每一段都在介绍哈雷及他的发现，另外也可以从文章的首尾句看出本文的大意。
答案：D34．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiment.
C．Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.
解析：辨别正误题。本文第一句说哈雷是一个英国科学家，所以A项是错误的。从第二句话可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，所以B项是错误的。从第二段最后一句话可以得知哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，所以排除D项。
答案：C35．This passage is probably written to________.
A．general readers
B．college students
C．scientists
D．astronomers解析：可以用排除法。文章没有特别说明写给谁，故推理是一般的读者。
Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the websites you've visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.
In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a policeman or a criminal. Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen—the 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)．
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though it's important to reveal(透露) yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. Actually few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (面包屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like. In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not， increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret.
The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”．
When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”．
But people say one thing and do another. Only a small part of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费亭)to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track(跟踪) automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠券)．
But privacy does matter at least sometimes. It's like health：when you have it，you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
语篇解读：在这个信息化、高科技化的时代，我们变得越来越“透明”——几乎没什么隐私。多数人对此抱有忧虑，但实际上却很少有人在现实生活中去保护自己的隐私。专家指出，隐私犹如健康，不要等到失去了才后悔。
36．From Paragraph 2，we can infer________.
A．criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology
B．people tend to be more frank with each other in the information age
C．in the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets
D．people's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge
解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段“they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen”可知。
答案：D37．What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?
A．There should be a distance even between friends.
B．There should be fewer quarrels between friends.
C．Friends should always be faithful to each other.
D．Friends should open their hearts to each other.
解析：考查具体细节。根据第三段“Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy...”可知与朋友保持适当距离是有益的。
答案：A38．Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？
A．There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.
B．Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities.
C．People leave traces around when using modern technology.
D．Modern society has finally developed into an open society.
解析：考查猜测句意。根据第三段“...bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy...”可知在这个高科技化的时代人们几乎没有秘密。
答案：C39．What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?
A．They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.
B．They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.
C．They rely more and more on electronic equipment.
D．They use various loyalty cards for business deals.
解析：考查具体细节。根据倒数第二段第一句“But people say one thing and do another”可知。
答案：B40．According to the passage，privacy is like health in that________.
A．its importance is rarely understood
B．it is something that can easily be lost
C．people will make every effort to keep it
D．people don't treasure it until they lose it解析：考查主旨大意。根据文章大意和最后一段可知，隐私和健康的相似点在于，人们直到失去了才知道珍惜。
Franz Kafka wrote that “a_book_must_be_the_ax_(斧子)_for_the_frozen_sea_inside_us”．I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
We'd just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying？” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am，” I told her, “and the funny thing is I've read it many times.”
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive(辱骂的)parents, i kids who ar k kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand，more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic－the giving way of dreams to fate (命运)．
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school－one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes－into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.'s.
Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view.About The Red Pony, one student said, “it's about being a man, it's about manliness.”I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱), the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they're all white”. His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.
41. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to________.
A．realize our dreams
B．give support to our life
C．smooth away difficulties
D．awake our emotions
答案：D42. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?
A．Because they spent much time reading it.
B．Because they had read the novel before.
C．Because they came from a public school.
D．Because they had similar life experiences.
答案：D43．The girl left the selective high school possibly because________.
A．she was a literary-minded girl
B．her parents were immigrants
C．she couldn't fit in with her class
D．her father was then in prison
答案：C44. To the author's surprise, the students read the novels________.
A．creatively
B．passively
C．repeatedly
D．carelessly
答案：A45. The author writes the passage mainly to________.
A．introduce classic works of literature
B．advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C．argue for equality among high school students
D．defend the current testing system
答案：B第二节：信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，按照要求匹配信息。
A．Chemistry Club：The Chemistry Club promotes students' interest in several basic sciences，which include chemistry，physics and various engineering disciplines.Members of the club have a desire to apply textbook knowledge to real world experiments.One goal of the organization is to create “experiment assemblies(集会)” for lower，middle and upper school students.
B．Ecology Club：The Ecology Club is an award winning organization at the state level.Students in this organization participate in numerous energy education activities，including an extensive on-campus recycling program.Emphasis is placed on environmental awareness，science education，and special projects，including upkeep(维修)of the school's trails(小路)．
C．Young Einsteins：Students interested in science have the opportunity for hands－on experience and field trips related to a wide range of scientific topics.The club meets after school with the Lower School science lab coordinate(同等的人)．
D．Readers and Surfers Club：The Readers and Surfers Club is designed to encourage students to read for pleasure，as well as for research into science.Students are also given an opportunity to enhance their computer surfing skills.
E．SADD：The Students Against Destructive Decisions is a school-based organization dedicated to addressing the issues of underage drinking，drug use，and other destructive decisions and killers of young people.Its mission is to provide students with the best prevention and intervention tools to deal with the serious issues young adults are facing today.The idea of empowerment the foundation of SADD，is to build students' confidence and ability to create changes.SADD promotes a “no use” message of alcohol and other drugs and encourages students not to participate in activities with destructive consequences.
F．FBLA：The Future Business Leaders of America strives to develop competent，aggressive business leadership，to strengthen the confidence of students in themselves and their work，to assist students in the establishment of occupational goals，to encourage scholarship and promote school loyalty，to create more interest in and understanding of the American Business Enterprise，and to facilitate the transition from school to work.Any student enrolled in a business class may join FBLA.
46．Marty is an excellent student majoring in business.Unfortunately for him，he has picked up some bad habits because of heavy stress.Nowadays，what troubles him most is that he often feels pain in his lung.He wonders if there is any good way to throw off his sufferings.
47．Rochester is a student majoring in engineering.Having formed a habit of studying something in order to apply it，he has developed a wide range of interest in scientific research.
48．Taylor is an average healthy school kid—except that she is director of her own company and earns more money in a day than her teachers earn in a year.But she wants to stay at high school for a little longer and hunt for every opportunity to improve herself.Thus she can have more chances to start a different kind of business in the future.
49．Laurence is a computer addict as well as a science lover.Unlike other students who are fond of playing computer games，he takes reading on-line as his hobby.
50．Rebecca is always dreaming of becoming a woman scientist.Now，being aware of the shortage of energy，she desires to do every bit to protect the environment and strongly objects to throwing some recyclable things away.
请为五位学生找出合适他们的俱乐部
学生　　　　　　　　　　　俱乐部
A．Chemistry Club
47．Rochester
B．Ecology Club
48．Taylor
C．Young Einsteins
49．Laurence
D．Readers and Surfers Club
50．Rebecca
答案：46.E　47.A　48.F　49.D　50.B
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)
请根据以下提示，以The Man of
“Apple” 为题写一篇介绍Steve Jobs的短文。
1． 出生年月：生于1955年。
2． 职业：美国苹果公司前CEO、联合创始人。1976年， 21岁的乔布斯和26岁的沃兹尼艾克(Wozniak)成立了苹果电脑公司。
3． 成就：乔布斯先后缔造了麦金塔计算机、ipad、iPod、iTunes Store、iPhone等诸多数字产品。
4． 荣誉：1985年，乔布斯获得了由里根(Ronald Reagan)总统授予的国家级技术勋章；1997年成为《时代周刊》的封面人物；2007年，被《财富》杂志评为年度最伟大商人。 2009年，被《财富》杂志评选为这十年美国最佳CEO，同年当选《时代周刊》年度风云人物之一。
5． 评价：乔布斯是一个充满想象和创造的人。世界各地的人们永远不会忘记他和他的“苹果”。
参考词汇：麦金塔计算机　Macintosh computer
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________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
The Man of “Apple”
Born in 1955 in America，the former Apple CEO，cofounder，Steve Jobs，formed Apple Computer with Wozniak，aged 26，in 1976.Later Jobs created the Macintosh computer and has led ipad, iPod, iTunes Store, iPhone and many other well-known digital products.
In 1985, Jobs received a grant from the Ronald Reagan Presidential Medal of state-level technology；In 1997 as cover on the Time magazine；In 2007, Steve Jobs was Fortune magazine as the greatest businessman of the year.In 2009 by Fortune magazine as the best decade American CEO, the same year was elected one of Time magazine Person of the Year.
In a word, Jobs is a great man full of imagination and creation.so people all over the world will never forget him and his “Apple”．
第二节：读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
My husband received a letter a month ago from a young woman who had been his student when she was in middle school. She was writing because she wanted to thank him for having a great influence in her life.
In the letter she wrote, “You were the teacher who helped me discover my talent for math. Before you came to teach us, I had been terribly poor at math, and had never thought that I would be interested in it. To my surprise, you magically showed me the beauty of math. I guess that was the turning point of my attitude towards it. Gradually my interest in it began to grow. Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the university. Today I am working as an accountant at Valley Medical Center in California. You played an important part. Thank you！”
What a wonderful gift to a retired teacher! My husband has received many letters from students over the years. This one was special, for it arrived at this time in his life when he is in very poor health.
1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2．以约120个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：
(1)上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师；
(2)举例说明该老师对你学习或成长的影响；
(3)你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。
1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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参考范文：
One possible version：
A thankful letter from a former student of the writer's husband inspired the retired，sick teacher，from which the writer learnt how great influence a teacher might have on his students.
Having read this passage，I can't help thinking of my former teacher called Miss Li who helped me most when I was in great trouble in Senior 2.
I can still well remember that it was Miss Li who raised my confidence and inspired my motivation to study hard.When I was in Senior 2，I had great problems in learning English.As I couldn't remember the new words，I always did poorly even failed in the English exams.For some time，I decided to give up learning English.Luckily，it was Miss Li who encouraged me to try some different methods to remember English words and kept praising me constantly even though I made a little progress.
Thanks to her timely encouragement and guide，my English was improved greatly finally.
Personally，everyone needs encouragement especially the encouragement from a teacher can give a deep and significant impact on students.Even have a strong effect on the students' life.Without their encouragement，I would not achieve my dream in senior 3.
名师点拨：本文要求以自己的亲身经历谈论老师的鼓励在学生学习方面的重要性。首先表明自己的观点——鼓励对于学生的进步很有帮助，能够帮助学生建立自信、激发学习兴趣。然后举例说明以前在学习遇到困难时老师及时的鼓励使自己提高兴趣并取得了进步。
句中可用be of great significance to sb.，have difficulty in doing sth.，make progress in，owe sth.to sb.等短语或句式，也可以适当用一些定语从句等复合句式。
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