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【24份】2017高考英语北师大版一轮专题技能突破
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【24份】2017高考英语北师大版一轮专题技能突破
官方公共微信2015年高考真题：If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon
…阅读理解及答案_真题_中学数学网
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2015年高考真题：If&humans&were&truly&at&home&under&the&light&of&the&moon&&…阅读理解及答案
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2015年高考真题：If&humans&were&truly&at&home&under&the&light&of&the&moon&&…阅读理解及答案
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更新时间： 10:06:10
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact , even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to& receive us by filling it with light.& The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad& lighting design， which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ⅲ-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light& rhythms ― to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural l world ,& some aspect or life is affected . In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original gloiy of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being“captured”by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.Living in a glare of our making ,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage―the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our& being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way―the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.50. According to the passage, human being&&&&&&&&&& .A. prefer to live in the darknessB. are used to living in the day light C. were curious about the midnight world D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?A. The night.&&&B. The moon &&&C. The sky& &&&D. The planet52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to&&&&&&& .A. provide examples of animal protectionB. show how light pollution affects animals C. compare the living habits of both species D. explain why the number of certain species has declined&&53. It is implied in the last paragraph that&&&&&&&& .& A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animalsB. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritagesC. human beings cannot go to the outer space D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe54.What might be the best title for the passage?A. The Magic light.&&&&&B. The Orange Haze.C. The Disappearing Night.&&&&D. The Rhythms of Nature.
&参考答案： 50.B51.A&&& 52.B&&& 53.D&&& 54.C&
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2016届高三英语二轮复习高考作业卷 作业十二 含解析.doc13页
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姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________
、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题上将该项涂黑。
Uncle Bruce has been my most influential role model. I admire him because he has
1me into the person I am today by teaching me about respect and responsibility and that anything
2having takes a lot of hard work.
The most important thing he has
3me is how to think. He always says, “You can learn something from everyone,
4it’s what not to do.” He always does what he
5. If he says, “I’ll pick you up at seven on Thursday,” it will
6. Also, Bruce is the kind of person who actually
Uncle Bruce was in the army for 20 years and went through some terrible
8, but he hasn’t let them affect him
9. After hearing his stories about alcohol- and drug-related
10, I have no interest in doing anything that could
11me or my friends. He is also the only person who truly believes I can
12it to West Point. He has done everything within his
13to help me achieve that goal.
Uncle Bruce is my hero he is
14that I want to be when I’m his age. He is smart, financially
15, and gives back to his community. There is no way I can
16him for all he’s done. He is the one whose
17can change the way I look at something. I’ve never told him that I love him,
18has he told me, but we love each other and I wouldn’t have it any other way. I’m not
19he’s perfect, but I can’t imagine
20without him how that he is here.
A. shaped B. promoted C. trained D. blessed
A. like B. about C. from
A. directed B. taught C. encouraged D. improved
A. so that B. even if C. as if D. now that
A. wants B. supports C. promises D. advises
A. matter B. insist C. succeed D. happen
. A. sticks to B. points at C. listens to D. comes at
A. experiences
B. diseases C. drills D. ad
正在加载中，请稍后...> 【答案带解析】C If humans were truly at home under the...
CIf humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to
receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad
lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light
rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.1.According to the passage, human being
.A. prefer to live in the darknessB. are used to living in the day lightC. were curious about the midnight worldD. had to stay at home with the light of the moon2.What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?A. The night.
B. The moonC. The sky
D. The planet3. The writer mentions birds and frogs to
.A. provide examples of animal protectionB. show how light pollution affects animalsC. compare the living habits of both speciesD. explain why the number of certain species has declined4.It is implied in the last paragraph that
.A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animalsB. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritagesC. human beings cannot go to the outer spaceD. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe5.What might be the best title for the passage?A. The Magic light.B. The Orange Haze.C. The Disappearing Night.D. The Rhythms of Nature. 
试题分析：文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
1.B 细节理解题 根据第一段第三行“ with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light眼睛适应了太阳的光线” 可以知道答案。其中adapted to 和used to 同义，意为习惯于。
...
考点分析：
考点1：科普环保类阅读
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BGraph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data .Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details .You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text .Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures.Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).Line Graphs A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer
kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration.Pie Graphs A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month’s expense, (See Graph 3 ).Food $ 25Movies $ 12Clothing $ 36Savings $ 20Books $ 71.When used in a graph，a legend is_____A. a guide to the symbols and colorsB. an introduction paragraphC. the main ideaD. the data2.What is the total number of students who earned a C or better ?A .4.
D.20 .3.The bird covered the longest distance on _____A. Day 1
D. Day 44.Which of the following cost Amy most ?A. Food.
D. Clothing. 
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。AFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of
books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean. “The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.1. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.A. reading little and thinking littleB. reading often and adventurouslyC. being made to read too muchD. being made to read aloud before others2.The teacher told his students to read______ .A. for enjoymentB. for knowledgeC. for a larger vocabularyD. for higher scores in exams3.Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.A. it sounded stupidB. it was not surprising at allC. it sounded too good to be trueD. it was no different from other teachers' talk4. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.5. From the teacher's point of view,_________ .A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while readingB. children should be left to decide what to read and how to readC. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schoolD. reading involves understanding every little piece of information 
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-20各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now
on their way to impressive careers. By society’s
, they seem to have it made.On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a
drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with Longtime roommates, and
out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine
a college year’s monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars.The thing is, a number of them have
that despite their success, they aren’t happy. Some
of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they
. Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and
. However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the
to which they have so quickly become
.People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and
the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they
or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to it’ s
. They have loans, bills, a mortgage（抵押贷款）to
, retirement to save for. They recognize there’s something
in their lives, but it’s
to step off the track.In a society that tends to
everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our
in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs
in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.1.A. much
D. well2.A. policies
B. standards
C. experiments
D. regulations3.A. last
D. best4.A. cycled
D. looked5.A. shared
C. equaled
D. collected6.A. advertised
B. witnessed
C. admitted
D. demanded7.A. complain
D. approve8.A. distribute
C. applaud
D. neglect9.A. calm
D. empty10.A. family
B. government
C. lifestyle
D. project11.A. accustomed
B. appointed
D. available12.A. yet
C. instead
D. rather13.A. let out
B. turn in
C. give up
D. believe in14.A. fundamental
B. practical
C. impossible
D. unforgettable15.A. take of
B. drop off
C. put off
D. pay off16.A. missing
B. inspiring
C. sinking
D. shining17.A. harmful
D. normal18.A. measure
D. deliver19.A. disasters
B. motivations
C. campaigns
D. decisions20.A. assessed
B. involved
C. covered
D. reduced 
一Why don’t you consider a trip to, say, Beijing or Hangzhou?一
.A. I wouldn’t mind thatB. Then we’ll get there quicklyC. Let’s call it a dayD. It’s not a requirement 
Creating an atmosphere
employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A. as
B. whoseC. in which
D. at which 
题型：阅读理解
难度：中等
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