二甲基汞_二甲基汞CAS号593-74-8,二甲基汞说明/性质/作用/用途–摩贝百科
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中文名称：
中文别名：
2-丙烯基-4,6-联苯甲酰间苯二酚醇;
英文名称：
dimethylmercury
英文别名：
methyl-Hg-
EINECS 209-805-3;
精确质量：
外观与性状：
2.961 g/mL at 25&C(lit.)
-43&C(lit.)
93-94&C(lit.)
n20/D 1.543(lit.)
包装等级：
危险类别：
危险品运输编码：
危险类别码：
安全说明：
危险品标志：
Bis[trifluoromethyl]mercury
右旋苯甘氨酸
methyl(trifluoromethyl)mercury
高纯三甲基镓
methyl(diphenyl)gallium
高纯三甲基镓
dimethyl(phenyl)gallium
高纯三甲基镓
magnesium,carbanide,iodide
甲基汞乙酸酯
三苯基甲醇
[diphenyl(tritylperoxy)methyl]benzene
diethylmercury
Section 1 - Chemical Product
MSDS Name:Dimethylmercury 95% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:None
Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name
Dimethylmercury
Hazard Symbols: T+ F
Risk Phrases: 11 33 39/27
Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Highly flammable. Danger of cumulative effects. Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. Potential Health Effects Eye: Causes eye irritation. Skin: Causes skin irritation. May be fatal if absorbed through the skin. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. If absorbed, causes symptoms similar to those of inhalation. Effects may be delayed. May cause severe dermatitis and burns. Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May cause effects similar to those for inhalation exposure. Inhalation: Inhalation of fumes may cause metal fume fever, which is characterized by flu-like symptoms with metallic taste, fever, chills, cough, weakness, chest pain, muscle pain and increased white blood cell count. Systemic intoxication is cumulative and has been fatal. May produce numbness and tingling of the lips, hands, and feet (paresthesia) and ataxia (failure of muscular coordination). Exposure may produce speech disturbances, constriction of the visual fields, hearing impairment, and emotional disturbances. Severe intoxication may produce clonic seizures, (which may be irreversible), incontinence, spasticity, jerking of the limbs, head, and shoulders. Severe intoxication may produce emotional disturbances, hypersalivation, tearing, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea or constipation. Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Chronic inhalation and ingestion may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation and ingestion. May cause fetal effects. Chronic exposure to mercury may cause permanent central nervous system damage, fatigue, weight loss, tremors, personality changes. Chronic ingestion may cause accumulation of mercury in body tissues. Chronic exposure to mercury vapors may produce weakness, fatigue, anorexia, loss of weight and gastrointestinal disturbances which is collectively referred to as asthenic-vegetative syndrome or micromercurialism. Chronic exposure to mercury compounds may produce immunologic glomerular disease.
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub eyes or keep eyes closed. Skin: Get medical aid immediately. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Discard contaminated clothing in a manner which limits further exposure. SPEEDY ACTION IS CRITICAL! Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Notes to Physician:
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Flammable liquid and vapor. Vapors may be heavier than air. They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Containers may explode when heated. Extinguishing Media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water.
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Water spray may reduce vapor but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.
Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls: Use only under a chemical fume hood. Exposure Limits CAS# 593-74-8: United States OSHA: 0.4 mg/m3 Ceiling (listed under Mercury, alk compounds). Belgium - TWA: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 V (as Hg) Belgium - STEL: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.03 mg/m3 (as Hg) France - VME: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 VM (as Hg) Germany: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 VME (as Malaysia: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 TWA (a Hg) Netherlands: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.02 mg/m3 STE (as Hg) Netherlands: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 MAC Hg) Spain: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.01 mg/m3 VLA-ED (a Hg) Spain: (listed as mercury, alkyl compounds): 0.03 mg/m3 VLA-EC (a Hg) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles. Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR
or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear plastic-laminate glove (SilverShield) alone or in combination with other gloves. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Wear an impervious apron. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR
or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Physical State: Liquid Color: colorless Odor: faint sweet odor pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: Not available. Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: 93 - 94 deg C Freezing/Melting Point: -43 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: 5 deg C ( 41.00 deg F) Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: N/A Decomposition Temperature: Solubility in water: Specific Gravity/Density: 2.9610g/cm3 Molecular Formula: C2H6Hg Molecular Weight: 230.67
Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, ignition sources, excess heat. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, toxic fumes of mercury. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#: CAS# 593-74-8: OW3010000 LD50/LC50: Not available. Carcinogenicity: Dimethylmercury - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.
Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
IATA Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S.* Hazard Class: 3 (6.1) UN Number: 1992 Packing Group: I IMO Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 3.2 (6.1) UN Number: 1992 Packing Group: I RID/ADR Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 3 (6.1) UN Number: 1992 Packing group: I
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: T+ F Risk Phrases: R 11 Highly flammable. R 33 Danger of cumulative effects. R 39/27 Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. Safety Phrases: S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S 13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S 28A After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. S 33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S 36 Wear suitable protective clothing. S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 593-74-8: No information available. Canada CAS# 593-74-8 is listed on Canada's NDSL List. CAS# 593-74-8 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 593-74-8 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A
13C NMR : Predict
13C NMR : Predict
1H NMR : Predict
1H NMR : Predict
质谱(MS/Mass)
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
更多二甲基汞图谱参考资料
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATIONRTECS NUMBER :OW3010000CHEMICAL NAME :Mercury, dimethylCAS REGISTRY NUMBER :593-74-8BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :3600205LAST UPDATED :199712DATA ITEMS CITED :32MOLECULAR FORMULA :C2-H6-HgMOLECULAR WEIGHT :230.67WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :1-HG-1HEALTH HAZARD DATAACUTE TOXICITY DATAMUTATION DATATYPE OF TEST :Cytogenetic analysisTEST SYSTEM :Rodent - hamster OvaryDOSE/DURATION :40 mg/LREFERENCE :MUREAV Mutation Research.
(Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 290,281,1993
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3; STEL 0.03 mg/m3
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
(WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,239,1993
IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
(WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,239,1993
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.001 ppm (0.01 mg(Hg)/m3)
DTLWS* &Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in
Workroom Air,& Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,22,1973
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.
(U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
Volume(issue)/page/year:
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.
(U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
Volume(issue)/page/year:
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.
(U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
Volume(issue)/page/year:
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.
(U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;STEL 0.03 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;STEL 0.03 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;STEL 0.02 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;STEL 0.04 mg(Hg)/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3;STEL 0.03 mg(Hg)/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
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methyl(nitrooxy)mercury
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增值电信业务经营许可证：二甲基汞能和酸反应吗？或者说二甲基汞能和什么发生反应，怎么进行验证？_百度知道【毒】关于水银——汞的一些科普_化学吧_百度贴吧
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【毒】关于水银——汞的一些科普收藏
一楼做饲料喂度度。
&精锐教育&哈佛北大精英创立,化学高二辅导1对1冲刺/1对3互动,以学为主,提升学习力;化学高二辅导学霸导师授课,量身定制高效学法,众多学员家长认可!T:400-883-8052
关于汞这东西，相信每个人都不陌生，从小时候听到的“水银不是银”、体温计，到后来的Hg，到水俣病……反正在每个人的脑海中，汞是有毒的。但是，在这里澄清一下，汞的毒没有想象的那么厉害，你不把它弄进体内就行……
汞是个神奇的物质，它在0℃也是液体，这是唯一的一种0℃时液态的金属单质。在0℃时，汞的饱和蒸汽压是0.000185，比其他液体远小，所以汞柱形成的真空几乎是绝对真空了。而汞还有一个特性，就是它能够流过玻璃而不润湿玻璃，就更加适合用了做温度计了。
在古代，汞也是很多人喜欢的。中国古代，有炼丹的硫化汞——朱砂，还有用汞和雄黄混合治疗疥疮。就连秦始皇的墓地也有水银河海，当然这是传说。在西方，汞也很多人喜欢，西方的炼金术师老想着把汞弄成黄金，英王查理二世这位仁兄就沉迷炼金搞到汞中毒挂了。在现代，还有用到汞的地方，那就是雷酸汞，简称雷汞，引爆炸药的东西。
在寓言里也有“疯狂的帽商”这一角色，这是因为在制造帽的毛毡时要用上汞，在粘结海狸和兔子毛皮时要用上硝酸汞，然后还有加热，于是汞就变成蒸汽，久而久之吸收多了就会被汞伤害大脑，从而变得疯狂。因此也衍生出了诸如“帽商的颤抖”、“汞疯狂”等病名。汞还有一个很特殊的性质，就是能和很多金属形成汞齐，当然铁族不行。毛刷实验就是应用到汞齐。而这种特性，有很大的作用。首先一个就是锡汞齐，这东西常常用了补牙，没错，就是蛀牙填充物，当然，这是在19实际，现在不用了。可想而知当时蛀牙往往会伴随脑部问题，也是因为汞。还有，汞齐还能用于电镀，例如金汞齐，用来镀金，这个过程也会造成工人吸入不少汞蒸气，有一种病“镀金工人中风”也是因此而来。也有报道，在为圣彼得堡的圣以撒大教堂圆顶镀金时，60位工人汞中毒死亡。镀银时，例如做镜子，也会用到银汞齐，工人也会吸入。
从上面看来，汞的有毒这个性质很明显，同时也看出汞一般不算急性的毒，不像氰化钾这些，需要一个积累的过程，否则那些工人早就中毒了，也不会干了很多年才疯掉。
说回到体温计。每个孩子都会有感冒的时候，这时就要用到体温计，我家这边是测腋窝温，但是很多地方是测口腔温度，也就是要把体温计的水银球含在嘴里。这时候有些不安分的小孩子就会咬破体温计，甚至吞下部分水银。（测肛门温度的自重- -）发现这事的家长就很着急，把碎掉的体温计放在一边，然后各种给孩子催吐，怕吞下水银中毒。其实这是大错特错的。吞服少量的汞是不会造成很大伤害的，因为胃对汞的吸收率不到0.01%会慢慢跟着翔一起排出来，或者就这样留在体内，就像吞了一块黄金一样，反正胃酸是不会把它化掉的，这个从金属活动性顺序表中可知。但是，最大的危险在旁边，没错，就是那碎掉的体温计碎片，里面还是有部分汞的！而这些汞会蒸发，汞蒸气会被在旁边忙着催吐的家长和忙着吐的孩子吸入，这个的毒性才是大得多的，会引起脑损伤和肝损伤，甚至急性中毒挂掉。虽然汞会自己形成小球减小表面积，但是会被空气中氧气氧化少量，变成颗粒状，大大的增加了表面积，从而加大了汞的蒸发。所以汞落地必须马上处理，先铲起大颗粒的汞珠，然后对小的铲不起来的汞以硫磺覆盖之。然后往周围大量撒硫磺来防止看不到的汞。
说到汞盐。人体对汞盐的吸收率和它的溶解度有关，一般值是7%~15%。例如对氯化汞只有2%，而乙酸汞却高达20%。所以说汞盐的毒性强不强看的就是它的溶解度。例如硫化汞，微溶，所以微毒；氯化亚汞还用作防腐剂、泻药、杀虫剂。大部分的无机汞都会被代谢成二甲基汞随着尿液和翔排出。
而最危险的，当属有机汞化合物了。二甲基汞，不要说口服，仅仅是皮肤接触几μL就能致死，是最危险的汞化合物，与氰化物、砷化物、氟化物并在A级剧毒物质之内。人体肠胃对甲基汞的吸收接近是100%，然后甲基汞进入血液后与红细胞结合也是超强，90%左右，于是被运输到全身器官。而甲基汞伤害得最厉害的就是大脑，大脑里面甲基汞的含量也是血液的10倍，虽然甲基汞通过脑血屏障速度很慢，但是甲基汞从脑排到血液的速度更慢，就造成了脑中甲基汞的累积。甲基汞在人体半衰期为80d，而在大脑却是200d。另外，甲基汞也容易富集到胎儿身上，甲基汞中毒时，胎儿的甲基汞含量是母头的120%。二甲基汞的排出需要经过肝脏，分泌胆汁再到消化道，和肠胃道上皮细胞脱落和着翔排出，由于它的强大吸收能力，90%都会被吸收回去，这也是为什么汞在人体的代谢周期如此之长的原因。甲基汞氯，日本水俣病的主因之一，导致了日本九州南部熊本县水俣镇四分之一的人患病，患者运动失调，四肢震颤，管视（视野缩小），创造了“水俣病”这一以地方命名的名字（咱有香港脚、北京咳）。
由上面例子也会发现另外一件事，就是汞的一个毒性是神经毒。实际上甲基汞中毒会影响神经系统和生殖系统。以水俣病为例，慢性中毒的前期症状是语言模糊，管视（视野缩小），听力丧失，协调性丧失。后期症状是进行性失明，也就是慢慢失去视力，慢慢瞎掉，耳聋，协调性缺乏，智力减退。孕妇中毒的话胎儿容易得脑瘫，智力迟钝，畸形。而无机汞盐中毒则是影响肾脏。早期中毒的症状是肠胃不适，恶心，呕吐，腹痛腹泻，而且腹泻带血。超过175mg/kg体重的饮食摄入就会导致急性无机汞中毒。超过175mg/kg体重的饮食摄入就会导致急性无机汞中毒。急性中毒则会引起尿毒症。当然，在实验里面用到汞的机会是少之又少，没事不要搞什么法老之蛇，要弄的话请在通风槽里搞，带好防毒面具，做好处理就基本不会中毒。当然不要乱搞压力计和水银温度计。而工业上，已经是慢慢淘汰会产生汞蒸气的流程了。反正一句话，不作死就不会死。
针对我的么……
最后总结……汞不可怕，可怕的是中二。
完毕申精……
@姊皓求指教，求那啥。
吸入汞蒸气，这个才是毒人的地方。不要和我说带着防毒面具玩……好像发现刚发这个帖子在贴吧就惊现几个爆表出汞的帖子- -
我来帮你顶
支持，上面不是我小号=_=
以前不是说什么汞漏在地上怎么处理么=_=，为此还讨论了好久
关于上面提到的汞的处理方法。用硫粉覆盖的方法是教科书的，颇具争议，因为硫和汞反应很慢，不靠谱。在国外，用的是特殊的吸尘设备吸收的，不过估计没几个单位能弄到这货。以下介绍几个方法。第一种是撒上锌粉，原理是和汞形成锌汞齐，再回收放在密封瓶子里。第二种是实验室用，碘熏法。按照1g/m³碘单质加上酒精加热熏蒸，或者0.1g/m³碘单质，当然熏的时候人要离开，封闭门窗熏蒸8~12小时，通风后进入。原理是形成不挥发性碘化汞。第三种方法是用10%氯化铁或者漂白粉溶液冲洗地面，以形成[HgCl4]2-除去汞。
一上来看到水银宝宝还以为进了FZ吧感谢传授！很喜欢学习这些知识！
留名。。。
十五字十五字十五字十五字十五字
要是温度计碎了我上哪去找硫粉或锌。。
　 　———————发帖不见东挽党，置顶加精也枉然。
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