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The last man ______ the sinking ship was the captain.A．leftB．to leaveC．having leftD．being
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The last man ______ the sinking ship was the captain.A．leftB．to leaveC．having leftD．being left请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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1Einstein Named &Person of the Century&Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel (解决) the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as &Person of the Century& by Time magazine on Sunday.A man whose very name is synonymous ( 同义的) with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology. &The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science,& wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance. __________ (46)Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon (象征) for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.&What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying ( 象征, 体现 ) the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom,& said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. __________ (47) He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. __________ (48) Everything else- mass,weight, space, even time itself-- is a variable (变量) . And he offered the world his now-famous equation ( 公式 ) : energy equals mass times the speed of light squared--E= mc2.__________ (49) &There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality.& Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. __________ (50) Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.A. &Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,&Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices.B. How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.C. &Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein.&D. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the &Manhattan Project& that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.E. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.F. In his &Special Theory of Relativity&, Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.2Mt. Desert IslandThe coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline __________ (46). At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier (冰川) descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining !and,forming a series of twisting inlets and lagoons (咸水湖. The highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. __________ (47) Marine fossils found here were 225 feet above sea level, indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.The 2,500-mile-long rocky coastline of Marine keeps watch over nearly two thousand islands.Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities. Mt.Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands. __________ (48)For years, Mt. Desert island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summer home for the wealthy. Recently though, Bar Harbor has become a rapidly growing arts community as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park.Because the island sits on the boundary line between the temperate (温带) and sub-Arctic zones,the island supports the plants and animals of both zones as well as beach, inland, and alpine ( 高山的) plants. __________ (49) The establishment of Acadia National Park in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, cycling, and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the archeological museum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.The best view on Mt. Desert Island is from the top of Cadillac Mountain. __________ (50)From the summit, you can gaze back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean and contemplate the beauty created by a retreating glacier.A. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds.B. Mt. Desert Island is one of the most famous of all of the islands left behind by the glacier.C. The wealthy residents of Mt. Desert Island selfishly keep it to themselves.D. The term comes from the activity of the ile age.E. This mountain rises 1,532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic seashore.F. It is split almost in half by Sones Sond, a deep and narrow stretch of water, seven miles long.3Why Would They Falsely Confess?Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn't seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what call happen in a police interrogation (审讯) room. Under the right conditions, people's minds are susceptible (易受影响的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police questioning is enormous. __________ (46) &The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn't do.The answer is: to put all end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess.Developmental psychologist Mary Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn't do. __________ (47) the researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting &alt& key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility. Redlich's findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. __________ (48) Of the 15-to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as13-year-olds.&There's no question that young people are more at risk,&says Saul Kassin, a psychology professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar. __________ (49) Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire &interrogation& in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-- not hours of aggressive questioning-- and still, most participants falsely decision.&(50) &In some ways,& &says Kassin,'&'false confession becomes a rational.&A. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the&alt& key,because doing So would crash the systems.B. Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.C. &It's a little like somebody's working on them with a dental (牙齿) drill,& says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.D. &But the baseline is that adults are highly vulnerable too.&E. The court found him innocent and he was released.F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.4Hitchhiking (打车旅游)When I was in my teens (十几岁) and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form. of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers __________ (51) me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends, many provided hospitality __________ (52) the road.Not only did you fred out much more about a country than __________ (53)traveling by train or plane, but also there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night.Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to __________ (54)?A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitchhiking in a column on a newspaper.__________ (55) of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking.&If there is a hitchhiker's __________ (56) it must be Ireland,& came one reply. Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitchhiking, __________ (57) was Quebec, Canada -- &if you don't mind being berated (严厉指责) for not speaking French.&But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world, the __________ (58)feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed (消亡).With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we __________ (59) to be.so wary both to hitchhike and to give a lift?In Poland in the 1960s, __________ (60) a Polish woman who e-mailed me, &the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker's Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each time a driver__________ (61) somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, __________ (62)who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everybody was hitchhiking then.&Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down __________ (63) between strangers. It would help fight __________ (64) warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant (65) in geography, history, politics and sociology.51. A. madeB. tookC. traveledD. crossed52. A. aboveB. overC. atD. on53. A. whenB. afterC. beforeD. until54. A. the booksB. themC. itD. the songs55. A. HundredsB. HundredC. ThousandD. Dozen56. A. skyB. spaceC. mapD. heaven57. A. likeB. asC. forD. since58. A. bigB. largeC. generalD. little59. A. have toB. mustC. shouldD. need60. A. according toB. owing toC. due toD. with respect to61. A. sentB. picked upC. selectedD. brought62. A. passengersB. hikersC. driversD. strangers63. A. fencesB. barriersC. gapsD. stones64. A. globalB. totalC. entireD. whole65. A. discussionsB. debatesC. consultationsD. lessons
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确认密码：Photograph by Kevin C. Cox/GettyThe Last Man game, an annual competition of intentional ignorance, began on Sunday, February 1st, at 10:06 P.M. A hundred and fourteen million Americans had just watched the Super Bowl, more than had ever watched before. Somewhere north of a hundred—no million needed—had decided, instead, to play Last Man, a loosely organized contest that began in the late aughts, when Kyle Whelliston, a blogger who didn’t care much for football, decided to try to be the “Last Man in America to Know Who Won the Super Bowl.” Soon, his readers started to play, and the group grew, until this year enough people joined to require a
and an unofficial commissioner tracking the events on Twitter. The game runs on the honor system—pride is the only prize—and deaths are self-reported on Twitter. Those who play refer to themselves as “runners,” and the thing they are running from—the fact that New England beat Seattle—is known as “the Knowledge.” The only real rule is to stay in the country.No problem, you’re thinking. I hate sports, and didn’t even watch the game. Well, did you watch “Broad City”? Amanda Upson, a film producer in Denver, went eight days without discovering who won the game, but when she rewound a Tivo’d episode of the Comedy Central show a little too far, she landed on a commercial revealing the result. Her loss was declared a “death by poor remote usage.” You may not remember obtaining the Knowledge—perhaps it arrived via an NPR story in which a Republican compared Obama’s decision-making to Pete Carroll’s ill-fated final call—and may have since forgotten it, but that doesn’t mean you never had it. Last Man is a game in which, eventually, everybody dies.This year, eight runners died in the first thirteen minutes. The list of casualties, recorded on the Web site, is long and varied. There was death by jewelry-store junk mail and by Rob Lowe meme and by Yelp review of a bowling alley. (“Came here on a Sunday night after my Seahawks lost...”) Eluding the Knowledge meant avoiding not just ESPN and Deadspin but, for at least several days, pretty much the entire Internet. Google Now, Google Calculator, Google AdWords, and Google’s homepage all claimed victims. There was one death credited to a local TV news segment about pizza consumption during the game, and another to a pizza commercial. (“Congratulations New England Patriots, from Papa John’s!”) Televisions at gyms, airport terminals, chiropractor offices, and a Walmart gas station knocked off a dozen people. One man, who suffered an accretion of enough detail about the game to fill in the blanks, including an “uncharacteristically humble” tweet from Richard Sherman, diagnosed his defeat as “death by a thousand cuts.”The Super Bowl is the only annual event with media coverage widespread enough to make such a game a real challenge. This year, US Weekly had stories about Katy Perry’s performance, while Yahoo! Parenting hosted a heated debate about the morality of Bill Belichick, the Patriots coach, kissing his adult daughter on the lips during the postgame celebration. (The latter knocked off two runners.) But Last Man is not the only game of its type, a genre that lacks a name, giving us the opportunity to dub them Tests of Obliviousness. Kate Schroeder, a stage manager in D.C., was playing Last Man for the first time, but is a seasoned veteran of the Little Drummer Boy Challenge: see how long you can go after Thanksgiving without hearing the song. She once lasted until December 23rd, when an upbeat, contemporary rendition piped into a room. “The David Bowie/Bing Crosby version is considered an especially horrible way to lose,” she said. For Last Man, she had planned to go without TV and casual Internet browsing for two weeks, and added a plugin on her computer that replaced every image—to avoid, for instance, “death by Facebook pictures of winning quarterback”—with a photo of Nicolas Cage. (Why Nicolas Cage? “I love Nicolas Cage.”) All for naught: moments after the Super Bowl ended, a drunk friend, who knew that Schroeder was playing Last Man, texted her the result. Death by betrayal. Schroeder thinks that next year she might go on vacation and leave her phone at home.Monday is the most difficult day, and within twenty-four hours, half of the runners had been eliminated. Just getting to work was a problem. (Did you glance at the Captivate screen in your office elevator? You died.) “I think the slushercane helped,” John Carney, a reporter at the Wall Street Journal and a Last Man competitor, said, of the wintry mix in New York the day after the Super Bowl. “I had to keep my eyes down, watching my step. No danger of accidentally seeing a newspaper.” Survival, he said, requires “intense eye discipline.” Getting to his desk near the Journal sports department required passing innumerable copies of the day’s paper, which had the result printed across the top of the front page. He recruited nearby coworkers to alert him to possible danger—the newsroom has enough televisions to make a Best Buy manager envious—and when an editor from another desk walked by wearing a Patriots jersey, a friend warned Carney not to look up. At one point, Carney had nineteen unread text messages and eighty-six unclicked e-mails. (A Journal colleague writes, “Are you making clear there’s no way Carney could have been doing his job effectively while avoiding all news services?”) On Tuesday, he was looking at the Pragmatic Capitalist, a Web site that typically offers “Practical Views on Money & Finance” but that day had an article titled “.” (“It all makes me wonder if Carroll wasn’t suffering from a severe case of recency bias.”) Death by game theory.David McDowell, a democratic operative in Mississippi who sat out this year to serve as a pseudo-referee, said that Last Man “at its core is about learning the difference between deliberate consumption of information and accidental.” Speaking charitably, the behavior adopted by the game’s competitors requires self-discipline. (“Out of habit I clicked on the Facebook app on my phone and first post someone made reference to who won [frowny face].”) Put less kindly, they begin to resemble shut-ins. “I’m starting to think that #DeathByGirlfriend is becoming a reality as she gets more fed up with me being anti-social,” one runner wrote on Twitter. A doctor feared going to the hospital, where he would have to make small talk with patients. A stripper in Los Angeles slept through the Super Bowl—most of the clientele was watching the game—but found the rest of her work week difficult: “Starting every conversation with ‘Don’t tell me who won the SB!’ is hilarious but not the best way to make money in a strip club.” Brendan Loy, a lawyer in Denver who helps run Last Man, spent Monday listening to movie soundtracks (“Last of the Mohicans,” “Return of the King,” “How to Train Your Dragon,” “How to Train Your Dragon 2”). He said that the game required “a delicate balancing act between running hard from the Knowledge and being too much of an ostentatious weirdo at the office.”The unpredictability of social media made Twitter and Facebook par forgetting to turn off iPhone notifications was a rookie mistake. LinkedIn and Snapchat proved deadly, as did “browsing Reddit hopped up on flu meds” and “a half naked fan of the winning team on my Facebook timeline.” (Death by voyeruism?) A number of casualties were credited to someone who created a Twitter handle @Pats28Hawks24—the final score—and started sending messages to people still in the game, including the stripper in L.A. (@Pats28Hawks24 did not respond to requests for comment.) One woman lost when a Tinder match spoiled the result after she told him about the game. (She did not respond to requests for comment on whether they went on a date.)Last Man is thus something of a Luddite’s dream. Martin Miller, a priest and competitor from Pittsburgh, sees a potential spiritual benefit. “The notion of voluntary reclusion has Christian roots, as a way of leaving all the popular opinion and culture for a moment,” he said. “It’s good for the soul.” Or at least for efficiency. One college student, who sat in the front of class so as not to spy Super Bowl-related stories on the laptops of less studious classmates, noted that the game had “brought me to productivity levels I’ve never seen before.”Most of the runners, however, found themselves waking up each day in a cold sweat. “I feel like I’m being sequestered for the stupidest jury trial in modern history,” one competitor said. “It’s gotten to the point where three things may end me: recklessness, homesickness, or sheer boredom.” Several players eventually said that they couldn’t take it anymore and quit. “I’ve spent way more time avoiding the Knowledge than I’ve ever spent thinking on it in the past,” one said, committing seppuku with Twitter as his sword. David Hines, a “news junkie” who described his self-imposed blackout as “absolute hell,” died when he couldn’t resist any longer and read an article about the measles outbreak: in it a Seahawks fan hoped that the Patriots players came down with disease on their celebratory trip to Disneyland. (Several people lost after seeing Disney commercials in which several Patriots declared their intention to make that trip.)As the week went on, some runners started to re?nter the world. They took their headphones off, went out to parties with trusted friends, and ate at restaurants that they thought would be Knowledge-free. (Mexican was a popular choice.) The quality of the play in the Super Bowl, and its controversial finish—not to mention —kept the game in the news, and stories about the celebratory parade in Boston brought further danger. Brendan Loy, a weather nerd, survived until late Wednesday night, when he found out that the parade was postponed due to the frigid temperatures, which he knew were descending on the Northeast. Death by cold front.In Last Man history, only one person had made it past the Thursday after the Super Bowl, but this year a dozen made it to the weekend. There were many more people playing than ever before, for one, and Loy speculated that the game might have started to attract competitors to whom the reclusive lifestyle comes more naturally. “I usually last pretty long because I know so little about football anyway,” Abigail Drozek-Fitzwater, who teaches creative-writing workshops at elementary schools in Texas, said. She had taken the precaution of skipping a weekly round of drinks with friends at a bar filled with televisions, but thought that she would be safe Wednesday morning, when she was running a workshop on haikus with a group of second graders. “The theme was nature, so most of them were about waterfalls,” she said, of the students who presented their work in front the class. Lilly Jones went last, and read a poem (she’s still mastering the syllable requirements) about her brother, Sam:Sam went to the Super BowlThe Seahawks lostHe was sadDrozek-Fitzwater was sad, too.On Thursday night, her husband, Jeffrey, was one of seven people still running. He holds the current Last Man record: three years ago, he claims to have gone the entire year without learning the Knowledge. (Last year, he lost during a discussion about Black History Month, when a friend mentioned the fact that a black quarterback had won the Super Bowl. Drozek-Fitzwater knew that meant Russell Wilson and the Seattle Seahawks.) He works in an elementary school, and oversees recess, but said that most of his students are more into soccer. He’d stayed off Facebook and Twitter, and most of the Web sites he usually visited, and answered only work e-mail. Then, last night, he decided to watch “Last Week with John Oliver”—a show whose title should have made the risk obvious. Oliver began a segment on pharmaceutical companies by declaring, “Prescription drugs—the only thing that can bring people in the Seattle area joy anymore.” Jeffrey didn’t seem too upset. “It is nice for a few days,” he said. “But after a week you start wondering what’s going on out there.”In football, especially in Super Bowls, we’re inclined to blame the players. This year, Pete Carroll, the Seattle Seahawks coach, is the object of fans’ ire.By Do Super Bowl ads work? Are they worth the cost for advertisers? Here are some of the best and worst ads from Super Bowl XLIX.By Sporting SceneBy Sporting SceneBy