Patent CNY - 电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统 - Google PatentsCN YGrantCN Jan 28, 2009Apr 28, 2008Apr 28, 2008.0, CN , CN
Y, CN Y, CN-Y-, CN, CN.0, CN Y, CNY, , ,
(2) , 电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统
一种电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统，包括直流有刷电机，其特征在于在电机供电端与直流有刷电机之间设置一限流型启动保护器和空压机气压自动开关，所述直流有刷电机通过连轴器与空压机相连，为空压机提供动力。该空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统通过空压机气压自动开关和限流型启动保护器实现气压与直流电机的联动控制，并通过电机启动保护电路在直流电动机启动初期限制启动电流，防止对电机及其供电电源造成冲击，使电机驱动系统在额定电流下带满负荷启动，在运行过程中不超载。并且结构简单、成本低。可广泛适用于电动汽车的各规格空压机的直流电机启动控制和运行保护。
1.一种电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统，包括直流有刷电机，其特征在于在电机供电端与直流有刷电机之间设置一限流型启动保护器和空压机气压自动开关，所述直流有刷电机通过连轴器与电动汽车空压机相连，为空压机提供动力。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统，其特征在于所述直流有刷电机的输入端接入限流型启动保护器，空压机气压自 动开关串联在限流型启动保护器和直流有刷电机之间，空压机气压自动开关的 一个气压管连接到空压机的气路，控制空压机电机启动与关断。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述限流型启动保护器由 一直流有刷电机启动限流保护电路组成， 该电路包括输入端、输出端、霍尔电流传感器H、降压斩波电路、控制电路和 为控制电路供电的DC/DC模块，所述霍尔电流传感器连接在负载电流回路和控 制电路之间，用于检测负载回路电流大小，所述降压斩波电路包含与控制电路 连接的晶体管T，控制电路控制晶体管导通与关闭。
4. 如权利要求3所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统，， 其特征在于所述降压斩波电路还包括一个电容C和一个二极管D，所述电容C 并接在输入端的正负极之间，所述二极管D并接在输出端的正负极之间，电容 C的第一端与所述晶体管的集电极连接，二极管D的负极与所述晶体管T的发 射极连接，晶体管的集电极和发射极分别作为输入端的正极和输出端的正极。
5. 如权利要求3所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述DC/DC模块并接在输入端的正负极之间。
6. 如权利要求3所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述控制电路包含单稳态触发器U2，其反相输出端提供控制所述晶 体管T截止和导通的控制信号。
7. 如权利要求6所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述控制电路包含一比较器Ul，比较器接收霍尔电流传感器采样的 负载回路电流与参考电流进行比较，比较器的输出端与单稳态触发器U2的触发 引脚连接，提供单稳态触发器动作的触发信号。
8. 如权利要求6所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述控制电路包含隔离器和驱动电路，隔离器的输入端与单稳态触 发器的反相输出端连接，其输出端与驱动电路输入端连接，驱动电路的输出端 与晶体管T的栅极连接，用于控制晶体管的截止和导通。
9. 如权利要求8所述的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统， 其特征在于所述隔离器为光耦隔离器，所述晶体管T为IGBT管。
电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统
本实用新型属于空压机电机的保护装置技术领域，具体的涉及一种电动汽 车用空压机的直流有刷电动机的启动控制和运行保护系统。
直流有刷电动机作为动力驱动部件，由于它结构简单等特点，目前的应用 仍很广泛。但在目前对于电动汽车上的有刷电机应用上， 一般都采用配置启动 电阻或电源变换器作为启动控制的结构形式，这种结构不仅占用空间大，而且 成本较高，在应用上不是很方便。
由于直流有刷电动机的工作特点是：在电机启动时由于电机绕组电阻很小， 直接供电的方式使得通过电机绕组的电流很大，不加控制的话就会烧损电机、 电源，但限制功率太低又不能使电机带负荷正常启动工作。因此理想的启动控 制系统应该是既能限制启动电流保护电机和电源，又能容许电机有一定的启动 功率，达到带负荷启动的目的。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种在电动汽车空压机直流有刷电动机的启动时 限制启动电流，防止对直流有刷电机及其供电电源造成冲击，维系直流有刷电 机正常启动后提供标称电压，供直流有刷电机正常工作，能够使直流有刷电机 驱动系统在额定电流下带满负荷启动，在运行过程中不超载，并且结构简单、 成本低的电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统。
为实现上述发明目的，本实用新型采用的技术方案如下：
一种电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统，包括直流有刷电机， 其特征在于在电机供电端与直流有刷电机之间设置一限流型启动保护器和空压 机气压自动开关，所述直流有刷电机通过连轴器与空压机相连，为空压机提供 动力。
具体的讲，所述直流有刷电机的输入端接入限流型启动保护器，空压机气
压自动开关串联在限流型启动保护器和直流有刷电机之间，空压机气压自动开 关的一个气压管连接空压机的气路，当气路气压高于空压机气压自动开关设定 的控制气压上限值时，空压机气压自动开关断开，电机断电；当气路气压低于
空压机气压自动开关设定的控制气压下限值时，空压机气压自动开关关闭，电 机启动。
所述限流型启动保护器由一直流有刷电机启动限流保护电路组成，该电路
包括输入端、输出端、霍尔电流传感器H、降压斩波电路、控制电路和为控制 电路供电的DC/DC模块，所述霍尔电流传感器连接在负载电流回路和控制电路 之间，用于检测负载回路电流大小，所述降压斩波电路包含与控制电路连接的 晶体管T，当霍尔电流传感器H采样的负载回路电流超过参考电流，控制电路 关闭所述晶体管， 一段限定时间后，控制电路控制晶体管重新导通。
所述降压斩波电路还包括一个电容C和一个二极管D，所述电容C并接在 输入端的正负极之间，所述二极管D并接在输出端的正负极之间，电容C的第 一端与所述晶体管的集电极连接，二极管D的负极与所述晶体管T的发射极连 接，晶体管的集电极和发射极分别作为输入端的正极和输出端的正极。
所述DC/DC模块并接在输入端的正负极之间。
所述控制电路包含单稳态触发器U2，其反相输出端提供控制所述晶体管T 截止和导通的控制信号。
所述控制电路包含一比较器U1，比较器接收霍尔电流传感器采样的负载回 路电流与参考电流进行比较，比较器的输出端与单稳态触发器U2的触发引脚连 接，提供单稳态触发器动作的触发信号。
所述控制电路包含隔离器和驱动电路，隔离器的输入端与单稳态触发器的 反相输出端连接，其输出端与驱动电路输入端连接，驱动电路的输出端与晶体 管T的栅极连接，用于控制晶体管的截止和导通。
所述隔离器为光耦隔离器，所述晶体管T为IGBT管。
该电动汽车空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统用于电动汽车空压机的 直流有刷电机的启动及维系其正常工作。直流有刷电机的输入端接入限流型启 动保护器，在直流有刷机的启动时限制启动电流，维系电动机正常启动后提供 标称电压，供直流电动机正常工作。限流型启动保护器由一保护电路组成，该 保护电路的输入端子接电源输出，输出端子电机相连接。电容和二极管D共同 构成的斩波电路结构形式，并利用霍尔电流传感器测量电机回路电流大小。当 通过霍尔电流传感器获得的电流采样信号值超出限定值，则控制电路迅速动作
并关闭晶体管，在关闭晶体管一定时间后，由控制电路重新开通晶体管，从而 达到既限制电机回路电流，而又不影响电机的正常工作的目的，在电机启动时
对电机启动电流进行限制；电机正常工作后，晶体管直通使电机能够正常工作。 所述控制电路中所有的工作电源均由DC/DC变换器提供。
当空压机的直流电机启动时，该保护器开始工作，利用IGBT开关技术及相 关原理，限制启动电流在一定的范围，但又提供直流电机一定的启动功率。当 直流电机正常启动后，提供直流电机的额定工作电流，从而使直流电机的启动 及维系其正常工作。通过串联在启动限流保护器和直流有刷电机之间的空压机 气压自动开关，可以根据空压机的气压进行开关控制，空压机气压自动开关通 过一气压管连接空压机的气路，并且其控制气压的上限和下限值是可调得，当 气路气压高于空压机气压自动开关设定的控制气压上限值时，空压机气压自动 开关断开，电机断电；当气路气压低于空压机气压自动开关设定的控制气压下 限值时，空压机气压自动开关关闭。
本实用新型的有益效果在于，该空压机电机的启动控制及运行保护系统通 过空压机气压自动开关和限流型启动保护器实现气压与直流电机的联动控制， 并通过电机启动保护电路在直流电动机启动初期限制启动电流，防止对电机及 其供电电源造成冲击，使电机驱动系统在额定电流下带满负荷启动，在运行过 程中不超载。并且结构简单、成本低。该电机启动控制及运行保护系统可广泛 的适用于电动汽车的各规格空压机及其直流电机的启动控制和运行保护。
图1是本实用新型具体实施方式的连接结构示意图； 图2是图1中限流型启动保护器的主电路结构原理图； 图3是图2中的控制电路的结构原理图。
具体实施方式
如图，该空压机电机启动控制及运行保护系统主要由直流有刷电机3、限流 型启动保护器1和空压机气压自动开关2组成。在电机供电端与直流有刷电机 之间设置限流型启动保护器1和空压机气压自动开关2，所述直流有刷电机通过 连轴器与空压机相连，为空压机提供动力。直流有刷电机的输入端接入启动限 流保护器，空压机气压自动开关2串联在启动限流保护器1和直流有刷电机3 之间，空压机气压自动开关2通过一气压管连接空压机的气路，当气路气压高 于空压机气压自动开关设定的控制气压上限值时，空压机气压自动开关断开， 电机断电；当气路气压低于空压机气压自动开关设定的控制气压下限值时，空 压机气压自动开关关闭，电机启动。
该电机启动保护器为限流型启动保护器1，该保护器设置在直流电机供电端 Ui与直流电机3之间，同时保护器的一输出端与直流电机间设置空压机气压自 动开关2。该限流型启动保护器l由一保护电路组成，该直流电机启动限流保护 电路包括输入端、输出端、霍尔电流传感器H、降压斩波电路、控制电路和为 控制电路供电的DC/DC模块，所述霍尔电流传感器H连接在负载电流回路和控 制电路之间，用于检测负载回路电流大小，所述降压斩波电路包含与控制电路 连接的晶体管T,该晶体管T为IGBT管。当霍尔电流传感器采样的负载回路电 流超过参考电流，控制电路关闭IGBT管， 一段限定时间后，控制电路控制IGBT 管重新导通。所述降压斩波电路还包括一个电容C和一个二极管D，所述电容 C并接在输入端的正负极之间，所述二极管D并接在输出端的正负极之间，电 容C的第一端与IGBT管的集电极连接，二极管D的负极与IGBT管T的发射 极连接，IGBT管的集电极和发射极分别作为输入端的正极和输出端的正极。 DC/DC模块并接在输入端的正负极之间。控制电路包含单稳态触发器U2，其反 相输出端提供控制所述晶体管T截止和导通的控制信号。控制电路还包含一比 较器Ul，比较器接收霍尔电流传感器采样的负载回路电流与参考电流进行比较， 比较器的输出端与单稳态触发器U2的触发引脚连接，提供单稳态触发器动作的 触发信号。控制电路包含隔离器和驱动电路，该隔离器为光耦隔离器。隔离器 的输入端与单稳态触发器的反相输出端连接，其输出端与驱动电路输入端连接， 驱动电路的输出端与IGBT管的栅极连接，用于控制IGBT管的截止和导通。
该保护电路的输入端子IN接电源输出，输出端子OUT与电机相连接。主 电路采用由IGBT管、电容C和二极管D共同构成的斩波电路结构形式，并利 用霍尔电流传感器测量电机回路电流大小。当通过霍尔电流传感器获得的电流 采样信号值If超出限定值，则控制电路迅速动作并关闭IGBT管，在关闭IGBT 一定时间后，由控制电路重新开通IGBT，从而达到既限制电机回路电流，而又 不影响电机的正常工作的目的，在电机启动时对电机启动电流进行限制；电机 正常工作后，IGBT直通使电机能够正常工作。
控制电路中所有的工作电源均由DC/DC变换器提供。控制电路工作过程原 理如下：控制电路上电后，单稳态触发器U2的^置为1，经过光耦隔离器、驱 动电路后开通主电路IGBT模块，主电路对电机回路供电，电机回路流过电流If。
通过霍尔电流传感器检测，将检测到的电机回路电流信号If传输至比较器U,的 反相输入端，当该输入检测电流信号If超过Ui同相输入端的电流限定值Ig时， 比较器Q输出会发生翻转，从而触发单稳态触发电器U2，使其也发生翻转，^
置为0，输出的低电平信号经过光电耦合隔离驱动电路来关闭IGBT模块T，在 经过由分立元件设定的一定长度的单稳态时间后，单稳态电路发生复位，经过 光耦隔离及驱动电路后又重新开启IGBT模块，从而达到对电机回路启动电流快 速可靠限流的目的。电机启动后，其正常的负载工作电流将小于电机回路电流 的限定值Ig，此时IGBT模块将维持直通状态，电机正常运转工作。Ig的设置可 以通过调节比较器U,同相输入端的可调电位器VR来完成。
该启动控制和运行保护系统能够使直流电机驱动系统在额定电流下带满负 荷启动，在运行过程中不超载，并控制气路气压在正常范围，而且结构简单、 成本降低。
International Classification, , C14Grant of patent or utility modelC17Cessation of patent rightRotate直流升压斩波电路电感_电容的确定
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C, CN C, CN , CN-C-, CN C, CNC, CN, CN.4, , , ,
(4) , Wind power generation power conversion device of direct-driving type permanent magnet synchronous motor
C 一种直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，是由主电路和控制主电路的控制单元构成，主电路有通过联轴器与风机同轴相连的永磁同步发电机，与永磁同步发电机相连的二极管整流器，与二极管整流器相并联的升压斩波电路，与升压斩波电路相并联的滤波储能电容器C和三相逆变器，与三相逆变器相连的三相变压器，以及与三相变压器相连的断路器；升压斩波电路是由电路结构完全相同的第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路构成，第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路的输入端和输出端分别并联在一起。 A direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power converter is determined by the control unit main circuit configuration and control of the main circuit, the main circuit and fans have connected coaxially through a coupling of permanent magnet synchronous generator with permanent magnet diode rectifier synchronous generator connected in parallel with a diode rectifier boost chopper circuit, in parallel with the boost chopper circuit filter storage capacitor C and the three-phase inverter with three-phase inverter is connected to three phase transformers, and circuit breakers connected to the three- a boost chopper circuit is composed of a circuit configuration identical to the first step-up chopper circuit and a second boost chopper circuit, the first step-up chopper circuit and a second input terminal and an output terminal of the boosting chopper circuit are connected in parallel. 本发明在不增加功率开关器件开关频率的情况下，降低整流器输出电流和发电机定子电流纹波，发电机的附加损耗低，电磁转矩脉动小，振动噪音低，系统效率高。 The present invention without increasing the power switching device switching frequency, the lower rectifier output current and stator current ripple, low excess loss of the generator, a small electromagnetic torque ripple, low vibration and noise, high efficiency of the system.
1.一种直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，是由主电路和控制主电路的控制单元(UC)构成，其特征在于，所述的主电路包括有：风机(TU)，通过联轴器(SC)与风机(TU)同轴相连的永磁同步发电机(PMSG)，与永磁同步发电机(PMSG)相连的二极管整流器(UR)，与二极管整流器(UR)相并联的升压斩波电路，分别与升压斩波电路相并联的滤波储能电容器(C)和三相逆变器(UI)，与三相逆变器(UI)相连的三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感(TR)，以及与三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感(TR)相连的断路器(BR)；所述的升压斩波电路是由电路结构完全相同的第一升压斩波电路(1)和第二升压斩波电路(2)构成，所述的第一升压斩波电路(1)和第二升压斩波电路(2)的输入端和输出端分别并联在一起。 A direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power conversion device is composed of a main circuit and a control circuit of the main control unit (UC) configuration, characterized in that said main circuit includes: Fan (TU), By coupling (SC) and fan (TU) coaxially coupled permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is connected to a diode rectifier (UR), and the diode rectifier (UR) in parallel The boost chopper circuit, respectively, in parallel with the boost chopper circuit storage capacitor filter (C) and three-phase inverter (UI), and the three-phase inverter (UI) is connected to three-phase transformer or three phase filter inductor (TR), as well as the three-phase transformer or three-phase circuit breaker filter inductor (TR) connected (BR); a boost chopper circuit described by the circuit configuration is identical to the first liter boost chopper circuit (1) and a second boost converter circuit (2) constituting the input terminal and output terminal of said first boost chopper circuit (1) and a second boost converter circuit (2) They are connected in parallel.
2. 根据权利要求1所述的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，其特征在于， 所述的控制单元（UC)包括有，通过电压传感器和电流传感器分别与第一升压斩波电路(1)和第二升压斩波电路（2)相连、接收其电压信号和电流信号的第一模拟信号滤波放大电路（4);以及通过电压传感器和电流传感器与三相逆变器（UI)输出相连、接收其电压信号和电流信号的第二模拟信号滤波放大电路（5);分别与第一模拟信号滤波放大电路（4)和第二模拟信号滤波放大电路（5)相连的含有模/数转换器、编写有功率控制软件和PWM控制信号输出接口的数字信号处理器（3)，输入端与数字信号处理器（3) 的PWM控制信号输出接口相连而输出端分别与第一升压斩波电路（1)、第二升压斩波电路（2)和三相逆变器（UI)相连的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路（6)。 The direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind generation power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control unit (UC) including, respectively, through the first step-up chopper voltage and current sensors wave circuit (1) and second boost chopper circuit (2) is connected to receive the voltage and current signals are first filtered analog signal amplifying circuit (4); and by the voltage and current sensors and three-phase inverter (UI) output is connected to receive the voltage and current signals of a second analog signal filter amplifier circuit (5); with the first analog signal filter amplifier circuit (4) and second filtered analog signal amplifying circuit (5) connected containing an analog / digital converter, write software and PWM control signal has an output interface digital signal processor (3) power control input and a digital signal processor (3) of the PWM control signal output and the output terminals are connected to the interface of the first a boost chopper circuit (1), the second step-up chopper circuit (2) and the three-phase inverter (UI) PWM drive signal coupled to the isolation amplifier circuit (6).
3. 根据权利要求1所述的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，其特征在于， 所述的第一升压斩波电路（1)和第二升压斩波电路（2)的构成是：电感（Ll/L2)的一端连接二极管整流器（UR)的正输出端，另一端分别连接二极管（Dl/D2)的阳极及功率开关管（VT1/VT2)的集电极，二极管（Dl/D2)的阴极连接滤波储能电容器（C)的一端；功率开关管（VT1/VT2)的发射极接地，功率开关管（VT1/VT2)的基极连接控制单元（UC)的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路（6)。 3. The direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind generation power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first boost chopper circuit (1) and second boost chopper circuit (2) composition is: an inductor (Ll / L2) connected to one end of a diode rectifier (UR) of the positive output terminal and the other terminal connected to a diode (Dl / D2) and the anode of the power switch (VT1 / VT2) collector diode ( One end of Dl / D2) of the storage capacitor filter connected to the cathode (C); and a power switch (VT1 / VT2) emitter is grounded, the power switch (VT1 / VT2) connected to the base control unit (UC) PWM drive Isolation signal amplification circuit (6).
4. 根据权利要求1所述的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，其特征在于， 驱动第一升压斩波电路（1)中的功率开关管（VT1)和第二升压斩波电路（2)中的功率开关管（VT2)的PWM脉宽调制信号是由两个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差二分之一周期，即在相位上互差180°。 4. The direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind generation power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the first boost chopper circuit (1) of the power switch (VT1) and second boost chopper circuit (2) power switch (VT2) of the PWM pulse width modulation signal is generated by two current closed-loop control, and in the time difference between each half cycle, that is in phase difference between each 180 °.
5. 根据权利要求1所述的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，其特征在于， 所述的主电路中的升压斩波电路还可以是由大于2的N个相同的升压斩波电路相并联构成，驱动N个并联升压斩波电路中的N个功率开关管的PWM脉宽调制信号是由N个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差N分之一周期，即在相位上互差3607N。 Direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power conversion device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the main circuit of the boost chopper circuit can also be made greater than 2 liters of N identical boost chopper circuit in parallel configuration, the drive PWM pulse width modulation signal N parallel boost chopper circuit N power switch is determined by the current closed-loop control of the N generated in the time difference between each one of the N-minute period that the phase difference between each 3607N.
直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置 Direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power converter
技术领域 Technical Field
本发明涉及一种直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电系统。 The present invention relates to a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motors wind power generation system. 特别是涉及一种可以为电网提供高质量电能的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置。 Particularly to direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power conversion apparatus can provide high-quality power to the grid.
背景技术 Background
随着常规化石类能源的日益短缺以及大众环保意识的提高，风能作为一种最重要的可再生能源已经被广泛的用于发电。 With the improvement of conventional fossil energy shortages and increasing public awareness of environmental protection, wind energy as one of the most important renewable energy it has been widely used to generate electricity. 风力发电机向大型化方向发展的过程中，风机与发电机直接联接驱动链结构越来越受到人们的重视，为提高系统效率，通常使用直驱型永磁同步风力发电机。 The process of large-scale wind turbines to develop in the direction of the fan and generator directly coupled drive chain structure more and more people's attention, to improve system efficiency, typically using direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator. 直驱型永磁同步风力发电机虽然成本较高，但是它放弃了传统的高速风力发电机中的升速齿轮箱，可靠性增高，维修量减小，它已成为倍受青睐的发展方向之一。 Direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator, although the high cost, but it abandoned the traditional high-speed wind turbines increases the speed gearbox, increased reliability, reduced the amount of maintenance, it has become the development direction of the acclaimed One.
直驱型永磁同步风力发电机输出电压的幅值和频率都随风速的变化而变化，直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电系统就要在尽量最大限度地捕获风能的情况下，将永磁同步发电机发出的电压和频率都随风速不断变化的交流电能变换成电压和频率都恒定的三相交流电输送到电网。 Lower amplitude and frequency direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator output voltage are wind speed changes, direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motors in wind power generation system would try to capture the maximum wind conditions, will forever voltage and frequency of the magnetic synchronous generator are given constantly changing wind speed AC power is converted into a constant voltage and frequency of the three-phase alternating current fed into the grid. 这就需要一套性能良好的功率变换装置，希望其具有安全、可靠、高效、 经济等特点。 This requires a good performance power conversion device, we want to have safe, reliable, efficient, and economic characteristics.
发明内容 DISCLOSURE
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种可以为电网提供高质量电能的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置。 Technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a way to provide high-quality power to the grid of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motors wind power converter. - -
本发明所采用的技术方案是： 一种直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，是由主电路和控制主电路的控制单元构成，所述的主电路包括有：风机，通过联轴器与风机同轴相连的永磁同步发电机，与永磁同步发电机相连的二极管整流器，与二极管整流器相并联的升压斩波电路，分别与升压斩波电路相并联的滤波储能电容器和三相逆变器， 与三相逆变器相连的三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感，以及与三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感相连的断路器；所述的升压斩波电路是由电路结构完全相同的第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路构成，所述的第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路的输入端和输出端分别并联在一起。 Aspect of the present invention is used is: a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor wind power converter is determined by the control unit main circuit and control the main circuit configuration, comprising a main circuit are: fans, by coupling coaxially with the fan connected to a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a diode rectifier and permanent magnet synchronous generator connected with the boost chopper circuit rectifier diode connected in parallel, respectively, in parallel with the boost chopper circuit filter capacitor energy storage The step- and a three-phase inverter, three-phase or three-phase transformer and filter inductor is connected to three-phase inverter, and the circuit breaker or three-phase and three-phase transformer is connected to the filter inductor circuit is composed of a first circuit configuration identical step-up chopper circuit and the second voltage boosting chopper circuit, a first input terminal and the output terminal of the step-up chopper circuit and a second boost chopper circuit, respectively in parallel together.
所述的控制单元包括有，通过电压传感器和电流传感器分别与第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路相连、接收其电压信号和电流信号的第一模拟信号滤波放大电路；以及通过电压传感器和电流传感器与三相逆变器输出相连、接收其电压信号和电流信号的第二模拟信号滤波放大电路；分别与第一模拟信号滤波放大电路和第二模拟信号滤波放 Said control means includes, respectively connected through a current sensor and a voltage sensor and the first step-up chopper circuit and the second voltage boosting chopper circuit, which receives the voltage signal and the current signal of the first filtered analog signa and the voltage and current sensors are connected with a three-phase inverter output, receives its voltage and current signals of a second analog signal filt a first analog signal filtering, respectively amplifying circuit and the second analog filter discharge
大电路相连的含有模/数转换器、编写有设定的功率控制软件和PWM控制信号输出接口的数字信号处理器，输入端与数字信号处理器的PWM控制信号输出接口相连而输出端分别与第一升压斩波电路、第二升压斩波电路和三相逆变器相连的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路。 Containing large circuit connected to the analog / digital converter, write software, and there is PWM control signal output interface of a digital signal processor to set power control, connected to the input of the digital signal processor PWM control signal output interface and output terminals, respectively first boost chopper circuit, PWM drive signal of the second step-up chopper circuit and three-phase inverter circuit coupled isolation amplifier.
所述的第一升压斩波电路和第二升压斩波电路的构成是：电感的一端连接二极管整流器的正输出端，另一端分别连接二极管的阳极及功率开关管的集电极，二极管的阴极连接滤波储能电容器的一端；功率开关管的发射极接地，功率开关管的基极连接控制单元的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路。 Constituting the first and second step-up chopper circuit is a boost chopper circuit: one end connected to the inductance of the diode rectifier positive output terminal, the other terminal connected to the anode of the diode and the collector of the power switch, the diode One end of the storage capacitor connected t power switch emitter is grounded, the base power switch is connected to control the PWM drive signal amplification unit isolation circuit.
驱动第一升压斩波电路中的功率开关管和第二升压斩波电路中的功率开关管的PWM脉宽调制信号是由两个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差二分之一周期，即在相位上互差180°。 Driving the first boost chopper circuit in the power switch and a second boost chopper circuit power switch PWM pulse width modulation signal is generated by two current closed-loop control, and in the time difference between each one-half a cycle, that is in phase difference between each 180 °.
所述的主电路中的升压斩波电路还可以是由大于2的N个相同的升压斩波电路相并联构成，驱动N个并联升压斩波电路中的N个功率开关管的PWM脉宽调制信号是由N 个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差N分之一周期，即在相位上互差3607N。 The main circuit of the boost chopper circuit may also be composed of N identical boost chopper circuit in parallel constitute greater than 2, drive N parallel boost chopper circuit N power switch of PWM pulse width modulation signal is generated by a current closed-loop control N generated in the time difference between each one of the N-minute period, that phase difference between each 3607N.
本发明的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，两个升压斩波电路中驱动每只功率开关管的PWM脉宽调制信号是由两个电流闭环控制生成的，两个PWM脉宽调制信号在时间上互差二分之一周期，即在相位上互差180°。 Direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention wind power converter, two boost chopper circuit PWM pulse width modulation signals driving each power switch is composed of two current closed-loop control the generation of two PWM pulse width modulated signal on a time difference between each half cycle, that is in phase difference between each 180 °. 由于降低了升压斩波电路中功率开关器件的容量，便于功率开关器件的选型、安装和散热；同时，在不增加升压电路功率开关器件开关频率的情况下，降低整流器输出电流和发电机定子电流纹波，发电机的附加损耗低，电磁转矩脉动小，振动噪音低，系统效率高。 Because of the reduced capacity of the boost chopper circuit power switching device, easy selection, installation and cooling po at the same time, without increasing the boost circuit power switching device switching frequency, the lower rectifier output current and power generation stator current ripple, low excess loss of the generator, a small electromagnetic torque ripple, low vibration and noise, high efficiency of the system.
附图说明 Brief Description
图1是本发明的系统构成与主电路原理示意图； 图2是图1中控制单元的构成框图； Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present system constitutes the ma FIG. 2 is a block diagr
图3是两个并联的升压斩波电路控制驱动信号形成原理示意图； 图4是两个并联的升压斩波电路功率开关管驱动信号的波形图； 图5是三相逆变器输出功率控制原理的示意框图。 Figure 3 is two parallel boost chopper circuit controls the driving signal forming S Figure 4 is a waveform diagram of the boost chopper circuit power switch drive Figure 5 is a three-phase inverter output power a schematic block diagram of the control principle. 其中- Among them -
1:第一升压斩波电路2:第二升压斩波电路 1: first boost chopper circuit 2: The second step-up chopper circuit
3:数字信号处理器4:模拟信号滤波放大电路 3: Digital Signal Processor 4: analog filter amplifier circuit
5:模拟信号滤波放大电路6: PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路 5: 6 analog filter amplifier circuit: PWM drive signal amplifying circuit isolation
具体实施方式 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合实施例对本发明的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置做出详细说明。 Below with an embodiment of the present invention of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motors wind power converter to make a detailed explanation.
如图1所示，本发明的直驱型永磁同步电机风力发电功率变换装置，是由主电路和 , The direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention, wind power conversion apparatus shown in Figure 1, is the main circuit and
4控制主电路的控制单元UC构成，所述的主电路包括有：风机TU，通过联轴器SC与风机TU同轴相连的永磁同步发电机PMSG (其感应电动势最好是平顶波），与永磁同步发电机PMSG相连的二极管整流器UR，与二极管整流器UR相并联的升压斩波电路，与升压斩波电路相并联的滤波储能电容器C和三相逆变器UI，与三相逆变器UI相连的三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感TR，以及与三相变压器或三相滤波储能电感TR相连的断路器BR;所述的升压斩波电路是由电路鍤构完全相同的第一升压斩波电路1和第二升压斩波电路2构成，所述的第一升压斩波电路1的输入端与第二升压斩波电路2的输入端并联在一起，第一升压斩波电路1的输出端与第二升压斩波电路2的输出端并联在一起。 4 controls the main circuit control unit UC constituted the main circuit comprises are: fan TU, permanent magnet synchronous generator PMSG SC through a coupling connected coaxially with the TU fan (which is preferably flat top wave induced electromotive force) with permanent magnet synchronous generator PMSG connected to a diode rectifier UR, boost chopper circuit UR rectifier diode connected in parallel with the boost chopper circuit filter connected in parallel storage capacitor C and the three-phase inverter UI, and UI phase inverter or three-phase three-phase transformer connected filter inductor TR, BR and three-phase transformer and circuit breaker or three-phase filter inductor connected TR; boost chopper circuit is described by the circuit spade configuration identical first and second step-up chopper circuit 2 constitute a boosting chopper circuit, a first input terminal of the boosting chopper circuit input terminal 1 and the second boost chopper circuit 2 in parallel, a first output terminal of the boost chopper circuit 1 is in parallel with the output of the second boost chopper circuit 2. 所述的控制单元UC包括有，通过电压传感器和电流传感器分别与第一升压斩波电路1和第二升压斩波电路2相连、接收其电流信号和电压信号的模拟信号滤波放大电路4; 以及通过电压传感器和电流传感器与三相逆变器UI输出相连、接收其电流信号和电压信号的模拟信号滤波放大电路5;分别与模拟信号滤波放大电路4和模拟信号滤波放大电路5相连的含有模/数转换器、编写有特定的功率控制软件和PWM控制信号输出接口的数字信号处理器3，输入端与数字信号处理器3的PWM控制信号输出接口相连而输出端分别与第一升压斩波电路l和第二升压斩波电路2、三相逆变器UI相连的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路6。 The control unit UC comprises 2 connected through the voltage and current sensors, respectively, the first and second step-up chopper circuit boost chopper circuit 1 receives its current and voltage signals are filtered analog signal amplifying circuit 4 ; and by the voltage and current sensors and a three-phase inverter connected to the output UI, receives its current and voltage signals are filtered analog signal amplification circuit 5 and analog signal filtering and amplification circuit 4 analog filter amplifier circuit 5 is connected to containing an analog / digital converter, write specific power control software and PWM control signal output interface of a digital signal processor 3, the input of the digital signal processor PWM control signal output interface connected to the output terminal 3 with the first liter boost chopper circuit l and a second boost chopper circuit 2, PWM drive signal phase inverter UI associated amplifying isolation circuit 6. 其中，选用数字信号处理器的型号为TMS320LF2407,数字信号处理器内具有风机捕获最大风能控制算法实现软件和三相逆变器输出功率控制算法实现软件。 Among them, the choice of a digital signal processor model TMS320LF2407, in the digital signal processor has captured the largest wind turbine control algorithms for software and three-phase inverter output power control algorithm software.
所述的第一升压斩波电路1和第二升压斩波电路2的构成是：电感Ll/L2的一端连接二极管整流器UR的正输出端，另一端分别连接二极管Dl/D2的阳极及功率开关管VT1/VT2的集电极（或漏极），二极管D1/D2的阴极连接电容器C的一端；功率开关管VT1/VT2的发射极（或源极）接地，功率开关管VT1/VT2的基极（或栅极）连接控制单元UC的PWM驱动信号放大隔离电路6。 Constituting a second boost chopper circuit 2 and the first step-up chopper circuit is: one end of the inductor Ll / L2 connected to the positive output terminal of the diode rectifier UR, and the other end connected diodes Dl / D2 and an anode power switch VT1 / VT2 collector (or drain), one end of the diode D1 / D2 is connected to the cathode of the capacitor C; power switch VT1 / VT2 emitter (or source) is grounded, the power switch VT1 / VT2 of PWM drive signal base (or gate) connected to the control unit UC isolation amplifier circuit 6.
所述的第一升压斩波电路1中的功率开关管VT1和与其相并联的第二升压斩波电路2中的功率开关管VT2的PWM脉宽调制信号是由两个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差二分之一周期，即在相位上互差180°。 Said first boost chopper circuit 1 of the power switch VT1 and parallel thereto a second step-up chopper circuit 2 of the power switch VT2 PWM pulse width modulation signal is generated by the two current closed-loop control in the time difference between each half cycle, that is in phase difference between each 180 °.
由图1可见，风机TB的轴与永磁同步发电机PMSG的转子轴通过联轴器SC同轴联接，风机TB捕获风能驱动永磁同步发电机PMSG旋转。 It is seen from Figure 1, the fan shaft TB and permanent magnet synchronous generator PMSG rotor shaft coupled coaxially through a coupling SC, TB capture wind turbine drive permanent magnet synchronous generator PMSG rotation. 永磁同步发电机PMSG的定子绕组一般为三相绕组，也可以是多相绕组，由于它所带是大电感滤波的整流负载，定子电流是平顶波，因此，各相绕组的感应电动势波形为平顶波时最适合本发明的实施例， 感应电动势波形为平顶波的发电机电磁转矩脉动小，效率高，发电机的力能指标高。 PMSG permanent magnet synchronous generator stator winding is generally three-phase windings, it can be multi-phase windings, because it brought a large filter inductor rectifier load, the stator current is a flat-topped waves, therefore, each phase winding induced voltage waveform Example for the flat-topped waves most suitable to the present invention, the induced electromotive force waveform generator electromagnetic torque ripple wave flattened, high efficiency, high power index generator. 永磁同步风力发电机输出电压的幅值和频率都随风速的变化而变化，幅值和频率不断变化的三相（或多相）电压经三相（或多相）二极管整流器整流成幅值也在随风速变化的直流电压Kn。 Amplitude and frequency permanent magnet synchronous generator output voltage are wind speed changes, changing the amplitude and frequency of the three-phase (or heterogeneous) voltage through the three phases (or heterogeneous) rectifier diode rectifier into pieces values are wind speed varying DC voltage Kn. 整流器输出电压）^经过两个并联工作的第一、第二升压斩波电路提升到幅值较高且基本恒定的逆变器直流母线电压Kc。 Rectifier output voltage) ^ through the first, second boost chopper circuit in parallel of the two raised to a higher amplitude and a substantially constant DC bus voltage inverter Kc. 升压斩波电路输出端并联有滤波储能电容器和三相逆变器。 Boost chopper circuit output filter storage capacitor connected in parallel and three-phase inverter. 滤波储能电容器在升压斩波电路和三相逆变器之间起到滤波和储能的作用，依靠它维持逆变器直流母线电压Fdc幅值较高且基本恒定，以保证三相逆变器逆变向工频电网输出的电能质量。 Storage capacitor filter between the boost chopper circuit and three-phase inverter plays the role of filtering and energy storage, rely on it to maintain a high DC bus voltage inverter Fdc substantially constant amplitude and to ensure a three-phase reverse Variable frequency inverter to the grid power quality output. 三相逆变器的逆变输出经三相变压器（或三相滤波储能电感）和断路器输入到恒频恒压的工频电网。 Three-phase inverter inverter outputs the three-phase transformer (or three-phase filter inductor) and circuit breakers constant voltage constant frequency input to frequency grid. 由于三相变压器原副边漏电感的存在，由其等效电路可知其输入与输出间有一个等效的电感，三相变压器同三相滤波储能电感一样在三相逆变器与工频电网之间起到一个储能、缓冲和滤波的作用，以保证三相逆变器逆变输出的电能质量，不过在一般情况下三相变压器同时还能起到升压的作用。 Because of the three-phase transformer primary and secondary leakage inductance, known by its equivalent circuit between its input and output has an equivalent inductance, three-phase transformer with three-phase filter inductor as in the three-phase inverter and frequency play a role between the grid energy storage, buffering and filtering to ensure that the three-phase inverter power inverter output quality, but in general play a role in the three-phase transformer while boosting. 工作中，两个并联工作的第一、第二升压斩波电路的控制以及三相逆变器逆变输出的控制需要协调配合，即随着风速的变化，不断地调整升压电路和三相逆变器各功率开关管的导通与关断状态，在为电网提供指定的无功功率的情况下维持逆变器直流母线电压Kc基本恒定和系统能量平衡，即风机捕获的风能应该等于系统各部分的损耗能量和向电网逆变的电能之和，或者说风机捕获风能的瞬时功率应该等于系统各部分的损耗功率和向电网逆变的有功功率之和。 Operation, control requires coordination of the first, second boost chopper circuit control and the three-phase inverter output of two inverters in parallel, that with the change of wind speed, constantly adjusting the booster circuit and three conducting phase inverter with each power switch turned off, the inverter DC bus voltage to maintain substantially constant Kc and energy balance in the grid to provide reactive power specified circumstances, namely the capture of wind turbine should be equal loss of energy and the various parts of the system to the grid inverters and electric energy, or wind turbine to capture the instantaneous power should be equal to each part of the system loss of power and active power of the inverter to the grid and. 控制两个并联的升压斩波电路中功率开关管导通与关断以调整两个升 Control two parallel boost chopper circuit in the power switch is turned on and off to adjust two liters
压斩波电路电流^和Z'2，控制整流器输出电流/in，以达到控制发电机绕组电流，即控制发电机电磁转矩的目的，实现风机在不同风速下能够捕获最大风能。 Boost chopper circuit current ^ and Z'2, controlled rectifier output current / in, in order to control the generator winding current, which controls the generator electromagnetic torque of the purpose of achieving the fan at different wind speeds to capture maximum wind energy. 控制三相逆变器各功率开关管的导通与关断以控制三相逆变器向电网输送指定的无功功率和与风速有特定关系的有功功率，并维持逆变器直流母线电压Fde基本恒定。 Control three-phase inverter switch on each power on and off to control the three-phase inverter specified delivery to the grid reactive power and active power and wind speed have a specific relationship, and maintain the inverter DC bus voltage Fde substantially constant.
通过图3可以说明本发明中两个并联的第一、第二升压斩波电路中每只功率开关管驱动信号形成原理。 Figure 3 can be explained by the first and second step-up chopper circuit of the present invention in each of two parallel power switch drive signal forming principle. 由于永磁同步风力发电机的永磁磁场比较强，而且直轴磁路上的永磁体的相对磁导率接近于空气，直轴磁路磁阻较大，永磁磁场受电枢反应影响较小，发电机输出电压基本上与发电机的转子转速（即风机的转速）成正比，因此，整流器的输出电压Fin基本上与风机的转速成正比。 As the permanent magnet magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous generator is relatively strong, and direct-axis relative permeability of the permanent magnet magnetic circuit close to air, direct axis magnetic resistance is large, the permanent magnetic field is less reactive armature generator output voltage of the generator rotor speed is substantially (ie fan speed) is proportional, so the output voltage of the rectifier Fin substantially proportional to the fan speed. 在以数字信号处理器为核心控制单元内，通过电压传感器和电流传感器与升压斩波电路相连、接收电压传感器和电流传感器输出信号的模拟信号滤波放大电路，将整流器输出电压Fin和两个并联的升压斩波电路1、 2的实际输入电流^和/2送入数字信号处理器模/数转换输入接口，在数字信号处理器中得到Fin、/i和Z'2的数字值。 In a digital signal processor within the core control unit, connected through the voltage and current sensors and a boost chopper circuit, receives a voltage sensor and a current sensor output signal analog signal filter amplifier circuit, the output voltage of the rectifier and two parallel Fin The boost chopper circuit 1, the actual input current and ^ 2/2 into the digital signal processor A / D conversion input port, to obtain Fin, / i and Z'2 digital value in a digital signal processor. 然后在数字信号处理器内部依靠软件完成图3所示的全部控制。 Then a digital signal processor internal rely on software to complete all the controls shown in Figure 3. 数字值A和/2相加得到整流器输出电流/in，由整流器输出电压Fin和电流/in的当前的以及历史的数值就可以估算出当前的风速、风机转速和捕获风能的瞬时功率，并且按照捕获最大风能控制规律决策出风机升速或降速的运动趋势，从而估算出两个并联的升压电路的电流参考值/ref。 A numeric value and / 2 obtained by adding the converter output current / in, current and historical value of the rectifier output voltage and current Fin / in the we can estimate the current wind speed, fan speed and capture the instantaneous wind power, and in accordance with The maximum wind energy capture control law decision increases the speed of the fan or motor slow down the trend to estimate the current reference two parallel booster circuit / ref. 电流参考值/ref与第一升压斩波电路1的实际电流A比较，其偏差分别经过电流调节器l调节，调节后送入PWM发生器1，形成控制第一升压斩波电路的功率开 Current reference value / ref and the actual current first boost chopper circuit 1 A comparison of the deviation current regulator l respectively, after adjustment, the adjusted into a PWM generator, forming a first step-up chopper control circuit power open
关管VT1导通与关断的PWM脉宽调制信号fAm，构成一个电流闭环控制，控制实际电 VT1 is turned off the tube and off the PWM pulse width modulation signal fAm, constitutes a current loop control, control the actual power
流Z、跟踪其电流参考值/ref。 Stream Z, track their current reference / ref. 同理，电流参考值fW与第二升压斩波电路2的实际电流/2 Similarly, the second current reference value fW actual current boost chopper circuit 2/2
比较，其偏差分别经过电流调节器2调节，调节后送入PWM发生器2，形成控制第二升压斩波电路2的功率开关管VT2导通与关断的PWM脉宽调制信号[/VT2，构成另一个电 Comparing, respectively, after the deviation current regulator 2 adjustment after adjustment into the PWM generator 2, forming power switch is turned on and off VT2 PWM pulse width modulation signal to control the second boosting chopper circuit 2 [/ VT2 Another electric constitution
流闭环控制，控制实际电流/2跟踪其电流参考值&ef。同时，在生成f/vTl和仏TT2时，使t/、rn与^VT2在时间上相差二分之一周期，在相位 Closed loop flow control, control the actual current / 2 track its current reference value &ef. Meanwhile, TT2 generating f / vTl and 仏 that t /, rn ^ VT2 difference and half period in time, the phase
互差180°，它们之间的配合关系如图4所示。 Difference between each 180 °, with the relationship between them is shown in Figure 4.
本发明采用两个并联的升压斩波电路有两个目的：第一，与仅有一条并联升压斩波 The present invention uses two parallel step-up chopper circuit has two purposes: first, in parallel with only one step-up chopper
电路相比，降低了功率开关器件的容量，因为整流器输出电流z;被均分到两个并联的升 Compared to the circuit, reducing the capacity of the power switching device, since the output curren is divided equally into two parallel liter
压斩波电路中，每条并联升压斩波电路中的电感、二极管和开关功率管的容量降低，便 Boost chopper circuit, each parallel capacity boost chopper circuit inductor, a diode and switching power transistor is reduced, then
于功率开关器件的选型、安装和散热；第二，通过将控制升压电路1、 2中功率开关管 In the selection of the power switching devices, i second, by controlling the booster circuit 1, 2, power switch
VT1、 VT2导通与关断的PWM脉宽调制信号t/vn、 tVn在时间上互差二分之一周期，即C/vn与[/vt2在相位互差180°,它们间的配合关系如图3所示。 VT1, VT2 turns on and off the PWM pulse width modulation signal t / vn, tVn the time difference between each half cycle, that C / vn and [/ vt2 the phase difference 180 °, with the relationship between them As shown in Figure 3. 这样可以使整流器输 This allows the rectifier output
出电流/in的脉动周期是每条并联升压斩波电路中功率开关管开关周期的二分之一，整流器输出电流/in和永磁同步发电机定子电流纹波降低，发电机的附加损耗低，电磁转矩脉 A current / in the pulsation cycle is half the boost chopper circuit in parallel with each power switch switching cycle, the converter output current / in and permanent magnet synchronous generator stator current ripple is reduced, the additional loss of the generator low electromagnetic torque ripple
动小，振动噪音低，系统效率高。 Moving, low vibration and noise, high efficiency of the system.
同理，本发明的主电路还可以做进一步延伸，即所述的主电路中的升压斩波电路还 Similarly, the main circuit of the present invention can also be further extended, the main circuit of the step-up chopper circuit further
可以是由大于等于2的N个相同的升压斩波电路相并联构成，N个并联升压斩波电路中的N个功率开关管的PWM脉宽调制信号是由N个电流闭环控制生成的，在时间上互差N分之一周期，即在相位上互差360°/N。 May be made not less than N identical boost chopper circuit 2 in parallel constitution, PWM pulse width modulation signal N parallel boost chopper circuit N power switch is composed of N generated current closed-loop control in the time difference between each one of the N-minute period, that phase difference between each 360 ° / N.
将多个（N个，N22)升压斩波电路的输入端和输出端分别并联在一起，构成多个并联的升压斩波电路。 The plurality of (N, N22) input terminal and the output terminal of the boost chopper circuit in parallel, respectively, constitute a plurality of parallel boosting chopper circuit. 由数字信号处理器（DSP)将通过电流传感器实测得到的多个并 A plurality of digital signal processor (DSP) obtained by the current sensor and Found
联的升压斩波电路的实际电流Z、， /2，…/n相加，得到整流器输出电流/in。 Actual current Z-linked boost chopper circuit ,, / 2, ... / n are added to give the rectifier output current / in. 由&和&的 The & and & the
当前的以及历史的数值就可以估算出当前的风速、风机转速和捕获风能的瞬时功率，并且按照捕获最大风能控制规律决策出风机升速或降速的运动趋势，从而估算出两个并联 The current and historical values can be estimated current wind speed, fan speed and capture the instantaneous wind power, and in accordance with the maximum wind energy capture control law decision increases the speed of the fan or motor deceleration trend to estimate the two parallel
的升压电路的电流参考值zVef。 The boosting circuit current reference zVef. 电流参考值&f与各个升压电路的实际电流/卜/2、…/n分 Current reference value &f respective actual current booster circuit / Bu / 2, ... / n min
别构成N个各自电流闭环控制，分别生成控制各自升压电路中功率开关管导通与关断的PWM脉宽调制信号t/vn、仏rn、…(7，，控制各自实际电流z、， /2，…&跟踪其电流参考值Q。同时，将控制各个升压电路中功率开关管VT1、 VT2、…VTN导通与关断的 N do not constitute a respective current closed-loop control, respectively, each booster circuit generates a control power switch is turned on and off PWM pulse width modulation signal t / vn, Fo rn, ... (7 ,, control their actual current z ,, / 2, ... & track its current reference value Q. At the same time, the control of each booster circuit power switch VT1, VT2, ... VTN is turned on and off
PWM脉宽调制信号C/VT1、 f/vT2…C/VTN依次在时间上相差1/N周期，即f/VT1、 f/vT2…f/ym PWM pulse width modulation signal C / VT1, f / vT2 ... C / VTN sequentially difference 1 / N cycle in time, i.e., f / VT1, f / vT2 ... f / ym
依次在相位相差360°/N。 Sequentially out of phase 360 ° / N. 在不增加升压电路功率开关器件开关频率的情况下，降低整流器输出电流和发电机定子电流纹波，发电机的附加损耗低，电磁转矩脉动小，振动噪音低，系统效率高。 Without increasing the boost circuit power switching device switching frequency, the lower rectifier output current and the stator current ripple, low excess loss of the generator, a small electromagnetic torque ripple, low vibration and noise, high efficiency of the system. 、 ,
由图5可以说明本发明中三相逆变器输出功率控制原理。 Figure 5 illustrate the present invention, a three-phase inverter output power control principle. 图5所示的全部控制也是在数字信号处理器内部依靠软件完成的。 All control shown in Figure 5 is a digital signal processor internal rely on software to complete. 在以数字信号处理器为核心控制单元内，由数 In a digital signal processor as the core control unit, the number
字信号处理器根据实测的整流器输出.直流电压Kta、整流器输出电流/in、三相逆变器逆变器直流母线电压Fdc、三相逆变器输出线电流/a和/b、三相逆变器输出线电压Vab和Vbc以及电网要求系统提供的无功功率参考值^*，按照为电网提供指定的无功功率的情况下维持逆变器直流母线电压Fdc基本恒定和系统能量平衡控制规律，生成驱动三相逆变器中所 Digital signal processor according to the measured rectifier output DC voltage Kta, rectifier output current / in, three-phase inverter inverter DC bus voltage Fdc, three-phase inverter output line current / a and a / b, three-phase reverse Variable output line voltage Vab and Vbc and grid requires a system to provide reactive power reference value ^ *, according to the following grid provides a specified reactive power while maintaining the inverter DC bus voltage Fdc substantially constant and the energy balance control law generated in the three-phase inverter drive
有功率开关管导通与关断的PWM脉宽调^信号，为电网提供高质量电能。 There is the power switch is turned on and off ^ PWM pulse width modulated signal, providing high-quality power to the grid.
7 7 成都希望电子研究所Transformer equipment for increasing energy utilization rate of wind-driven electric generation哈尔滨九洲电气股份有限公司Full power combination converter for megawatt wind power generationOfer Energies Ltd.Mobile AC power source systemInternational Classification, Cooperative ClassificationC06PublicationC10Request of examination as to substanceC14GrantedC17Cessation of patent rightRotate