excuse中ju:算不算什么是元音音素素

英语中的语调规则_百度作业帮
英语中的语调规则
英语中的语调规则
一.音素英语语音的最小单位是音素.例如/bi:/是由/b/和/i:/两个音素构成的.音素分两大类:元音和辅音.它们在音节中各司其职;音节主要以元音为中心,元音前后可有一个或多个辅音.英语有48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个.要掌握好英语语音,就得学会48个音素的正确发音和元音音素的两种基本语调,即升调和降调.在学习过程中,要特别注意本族语的语音和英语语音不可相互代替.否则,将会给以后的学习造成很大的困难.记录和描写音素的符号是音标.\x0d二.国际音标\x0d学习英语语音,一般采用国际音标.因为英语的拼写与发音之间有很多不一致的地方,所以被称为欧洲语言中拼读最难的语种.概括起来,英语发音的复杂特点有以下几种情况:\x0d(1)一个字母可有多种发音.例如:\x0d字母a的读法有———cat//;face/ei/;father/:/;wa-ter/:/;any/e/等.\x0d字母e的读法有———these/i:/;toilet/i/;American/e/;student//等.\x0d字母i的读法有———license/ai/;which/i/等.\x0d字母o的读法有———photo/u/;today//;wrong//;color//;who/u:/;woman/u/等.\x0d字母u的读法有———duty/ju:/;mum//;ruler/u:/;put/u/等.\x0d(2)读同一元音,写多种拼法.例如:\x0d下列各词都带/u/音,但同音部分拼法不相同:owe,so,sew,sow,beau,toe,though,oh.\x0d有些词都带有/i:/音,但拼法不同:Chinese,team,green,people等.\x0d有些词都带有/ai/音,拼法却不相同:bye,kite,right,height,behind等.\x0d有些词都带有/ei/音,拼法也不一样:eraser,today,gain,they等.\x0d(3)两三个字母组合发一个音.例如:\x0dth念//或//:think/i k/,throw/r u/,there//等.\x0dsh念//:fish/fi/,wash/w/,dish/di/等.\x0dsch念//:schedule/edju:l/,scheelite/i:lait/,schilling/ili/等.\x0doo念/u/或/u:/:too/tu:/,school/sku:l/,soot/sut/等.ea念/i:/或/e/:heat/hi:t/,head/hed/,heaven/hevn/等.\x0dee念/i:/:three/ri:/,meet/mi:t/,green/ri:n/等.igh念/ai/:light/lait/,right/rait/,bright/brait/等.ar念/:/:are/:/,car/k:/,barge/b:d/等.\x0door/or念/:/:morning/m:ni/,or/:/,floor/fl:/等.\x0dere念/i/:here/hi/,mere/mi/,sere/si/等.\x0der/ir念/:/:hers/h:z/,bird/b:d/,skirt/sk:t/等.oi/oy念/i/:toilet/t ilit/,boy/b i/,toy/t i/等.\x0dear/eir念//:pear/p/,their//,theirs/z/等.ou/ow念/au/:blouse/blauz/,about/baut/,flower/flau/等.\x0dey/ei念/ei/:eight/eit/,they/ei/,eighty/eiti/等.(4)一个字母表示两个相连的音.例如x念/ks/或/z/:tax/t ks/,excuse/ikskju:z/,example/i z mpl/,ex-change/ikst eid/等.\x0d(5)有的字母在特定单词里不发音.例如:know的k;doubt的b;psychology的p等.\x0d国际音标中每一个符号只代表一个音,十分科学,没有任何重复和漏洞.掌握了国际音标,我们就可以毫不含糊地把每个词的读音记下来,对学习发音是一个极大的帮助.字母所含的元音音素归类_百度文库
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字母所含的元音音素归类
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3秒自动关闭窗口英语中,组合字母发音的规则是?_百度知道
英语中,组合字母发音的规则是?
提问者采纳
英语单词发音规则 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [??] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母读音例词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音,也可以读作音。
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词 ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元音字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[??] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅音字母的读音
辅字组读音例词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
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