化学的empirical ruleformula和molecular formula有什么区别

来源：蜘蛛抓取(WebSpider) 时间：2016-01-29 05:27 标签： empirical research
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Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula经验公式和分子式
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3秒自动关闭窗口化学：什么是实验式?详细!_百度作业帮
化学：什么是实验式?详细!
化学：什么是实验式?详细!
　实验式（empirical formula）又称最简式或经验式,是化学式中的一种.用元素符号表示化合物分子中各元素的原子个数比的最简关系式.由于实验式一般都是通过分析化学的元素分析法 (elemental analysis) 获得的,尤其是通过有机化学中燃烧法测定化合物中碳氢比,因此称为实验式.许多化合物如离子化合物通常不是以分子的形态存在,实际上以实验式表示.如NaCl仅是氯化钠的实验式,表示在氯化钠晶体中Na+与Cl-的比例是1:1.　　有机化合物中往往有不同的化合物具有相同的实验式.例如乙炔、苯的实验式均为CH,但乙炔的分子式是C2H2,苯的分子式是C6H6
　【实验式】又称最简式，是化学式的一种。用元素符号表示化合物分子中元素的种类和各元素原子个数的最简整数比的式子。在有机化合物中经常会出现不同的化合物具有相同的实验式，例如乙炔（C2H2)和苯（C6H6)的实验式都是CH，甲醛（CH2O)和乙酸（C2H4O2)的实验式都是CH2O等。已知化合物的最简式和分子量，就可以求出它的分子式。有些物质的实验式就是它的分子式，如甲醛CH2O和水H2O等。离子化合...
实验式就是有机物的原子最简整数比，也称为最简式。
扫描下载二维码From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about analytical chemistry.
For observation rather than theory, see .
In , the empirical formula of a
is the simplest positive integer ratio of
present in a compound. A simple example of this concept is that the empirical formula of , or SO, would simply be SO, as is the empirical formula of , S2O2. This means that
and , both compounds of
will have the same empirical formula.
An empirical formula makes no mention of the arrangement or number of atoms. It is standard for many ionic compounds, like , and for , such as .
The , on the other hand, shows the number of each type of atom in a molecule. Also the
shows the arrangement of the molecule. It is possible for different types of compounds to have equal empirical formulas.
2O) all have different molecular formulas but the same empirical formula: CH
2O. This is the actual molecular formula for formaldehyde, but acetic acid has double the number of atoms, ribose has five times the number of atoms, and glucose has six times the number of atoms.
The chemical compound
has the structural formula CH
3, which shows that it has 6
atoms arranged in a chain, and 14
atoms. Hexane's molecular formula is C
14, and its empirical formula is C
7, showing a C:H ratio of 3:7.
Suppose you are given a compound such as , a solvent commonly used in paints, inks, and adhesives. When methyl acetate was chemically analyzed, it was discovered to have 48.64%
(C), 8.16%
(H), and 43.20%
(O). For the purposes of determining empirical formulas, we assume that we have 100 g of the compound. If this is the case, the percentages will be equal to the mass of each element in grams.
Change each
to an expression of the mass of each element in grams. That is, 48.64% C becomes 48.64 g C, 8.16% H becomes 8.16 g H, and 43.20% O becomes 43.20 g O.
Convert the amount of each element in grams to its amount in moles.
Divide each of the found values by the smallest of these values (2.7)
If necessary, multiply these numbers by integers in order
if an operation is done to one of the numbers, it must be done to all of them.
Thus, the empirical formula of methyl acetate is C
2. This formula also happens to be methyl acetate's molecular formula.
, , 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version:  (2006–) "".empirical formulas是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：
名词 empirical formula:
a chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms
empirical formulas的用法和样例：
They made experiments to test the empirical formula.
他们通过实验来证明这一实验式。
An empirical formula was given for determining the minimum inert gas flow rate.
给出了一个煤粉干燥工艺惰化设计的实例。
An empirical formula,“climacteric happiness”,and a proven case were listed.
附经验方“更年乐方”及验案一则。
At last an empirical formula, based on the grey-system theory, is obtained.
得出自己的建立在灰色系统理论基础上的经验公式。
Appropriate chemical attribute information, such as structural formula, empirical formula, and molecular weight.
适当的化学性质资料，比如结构式，经验式和分子量等。
The timbering paramters of lane were determined according to timbering engi-neering empirical formula.
根据工程经验公式确定巷道支护参数。
empirical formulas的海词问答与网友补充：
empirical formulas的相关资料：
相关词典网站：

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