八年级上学期英语有哪些小学英语要掌握的语法法

2014年八年级上册英语语法、要点、重点
资料价格:9学豆&&[]&&
文件类型: (doc)[]
文件大小:40.2 KB
上传时间:
标&&&&&&&签: &
论文写作技巧
2014年八年级上册英语语法、要点、重点考试资料
您可能需要的
[] [] [] [] [] [] [] []下载作业帮安装包
扫二维码下载作业帮
1.75亿学生的选择
人教版八年级上册英语需要掌握哪些语法
四叶草4168
老师告诉你的时态
答案:45. 别骂自己的孩子是小兔崽子,因为从遗传学的角度来讲,这对家长是不利的。
为您推荐:
扫描下载二维码下载作业帮安装包
扫二维码下载作业帮
1.75亿学生的选择
初二英语上半学期要掌握的语法有哪些
阿豪系列220
一、形容词副词比较级①构成1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;  (1)单音节词  如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest   tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest  (2)双音节词  如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest   2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;  如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest  3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;  如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest  4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;  如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest   busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest  5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;  如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful  different→more different→most different   easily→more easily→most easily  注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.  例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.   (2) 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常".   It is a most important problem.   =It is a very important problem.   6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.  如:good→better→best well→better→best  bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst  old→older/elder→oldest/eldest   many/much→more→most little→less→least   far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest②用法1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”.  如:This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高.   注意:  ① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较.   ②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”.  如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.  ③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级.   2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”  如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.   春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了.  It is getting cooler and cooler.  天气越来越凉爽.  The wind became more and more heavily.  风变得越来越大.  Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.   我们的学校变得越来越美丽.  3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式.  如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?  4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”.  The more money you make, the more you spend.  钱你赚得越多,花得越多.  The sooner,the better.   越快越好.  5. 表示倍数的比较级用法:  ①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.   如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.  这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍.(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)  ②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.  如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.  亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)  ③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.  如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.  我们学校比你们学校大两倍.  6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思.  句子中有表示范围的词或短语.如:of the three, in our class等等.  如:He is the tallest in our class.   他在我们班里是最高的.  7."否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义.   Nothing is so easy as this.   =Nothing is easier than this.   =This is the easiest thing.  8. 比较级与最高级的转换:   Mike is the most intelligent in his class.   Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class  7.修饰比较级和最高级的词  1)可修饰比较级的词  ①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等.   ②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语.   ③. 以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面.   注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内.   (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.   (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.   2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far, far, much, mostly, almost.   This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.   注意:   a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同.   This is the very best.   This is much the best.   b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级.   Africa is the second largest continent.   8.要避免重复使用比较级.   (错) He is more cleverer than his brother.   (对) He is more clever than his brother.   (对) He is cleverer than his brother.   9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中.   (错) China is larger that any country in Asia.   (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.   10.要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则.   The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.   It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.   11.要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词.   比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?   Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?   She is taller than her two sisters.   She is the taller of the two sisters.二、连词but and or
表示并列用and 表示转折用but 表示选择用or三、条件状语从句经典语句:If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.  If you open the door,i will come in.  条件状语从句就是用以表示“在某种条件下,会……”  常用if ,in case , on condition等词来引导  连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing 等..  主句用一般将来时,if或unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时.  固定搭配:unless = if...not.   e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.  If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.  if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种:  真实条件句,  如:If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a picnic.  非真实条件句是虚拟语气的一种,表示与事实相反,如:  If I were you, I would go with him.  so/as long as只要   由as (so) long as, in case引导.  So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.  只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系.  You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.  只要你保持书的清洁,你就可以把我的书借去.  Take your umbrella in case it rains.  带着你的伞吧,以防下雨.四、原因状语从句(because和because of的用法)
because+句子
because of+名词短语/名词五、五种基本句式
1、主语+谓语(S+V)
2、主语+谓语+直接宾语(S+V+DO)
3、主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)
4、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)
5、主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+DO+OC)六、副词的构成
1、大多数形容词直接+ly
2、以le结尾的形容词-e+y
3、以不发音的e结尾的形容词-y+ily七、过去进行时
①用法:1.表示过去某一时间内(正在)进行的动作  如:I was doing my homework at 9 p.m. last Sunday.  2.表示一动作正在进行时,另一动作同时正在进行.  (1)用while连接(while只接doing)(注:如果主句和从句都是一般过去时,可以用while连接两个句子)  例:My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(可以持续动作时态一致)  (2)when表示(when可以接doing或did,when后动作时间长,用doing,时间短,用did)  例:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(间接表达了具体时间)  3.重复的动作  When he worked here, John was always making mistakes.  4.表示过去将要发生的动作  She told us Mr.Lee was arriving here.  5.用于故事,以提供其时间背景  6.表示礼貌  7有时可强调过去某一动作延续时间较长 [编辑本段]常用的时间状语   this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while  My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.   It was raining when they left the station.   When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. [编辑本段]典型例题   (1) Mary _C_ a dress when she cut her finger.   A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes   答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时.同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时.   (2) As she _b__ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.   A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell   答案C. 句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时".描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生.句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了."句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick. 过去进行时的基本用法:表示过去某个时刻或时间正在进行过持续进行的动作,句中往往需要有时间状语来表示这一特定的时间. What were they doing just now? 他们刚才在干什么?②句型肯定句=主语(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+doing+其它  否定句=主语(I/he/she/they/we)+was/were+not+doing+其它  一般疑问句及答语=Was/Were+主语(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它 答语:Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.   特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+was/were+主语(I/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它  过去进行时vs一般过去时  都强调过去发生的事  进行时强调过程,不一定完成  过去时强调事件,一定完成  p,s表示一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作发生了  如:He played when I was studying.  不用于进行时的动词  感官动词:hear,see,notice,feel,taste……  表示态度感情的动词:like,love,hate……  表心理状态:feel,want,prefer……  表占有:own,have,……  表存在状态和持续:look,owe,be……  when 和while的用法区别   两者的区别如下:   ①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间;   while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词.   ②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生.   ③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如:   a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.   当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为:   While we were talking, the teacher came in.   b They were singing while we were dancing.
为您推荐:
其他类似问题
基础英语应该掌握A,名词单复数,B简单动词的时态变化如现在时,过去时,将来时,C简单的主谓一致,就是IS在HE后是IS,在THEY后边成ARE,别的没什么了,
主要是时态的使用,初二仍然在考察一般现在时的用法,难点是一般过去时,一般将来时(现在进行时表将来,be going to结构表将来),还有形容词或副词的比较级的使用。
扫描下载二维码

我要回帖

更多关于 高中应掌握的英语语法 的文章

 

随机推荐