英语四级作文的分数具体是如何评出来的？
新东方在线潘赟
我们接下来看一下写作的评分标准，写作在我课里面我给大家讲过了，写作的满分包括奖励分，包括基本分，那奖励分有哪些呢，紫鹃、卷面、闪光点，我不知道今天考试的你是不是又在乱涂试卷了，有些同学特别靠怕，涂完试卷以后把它涂黑了，打了X，画了圈不要了，还有同学更可怕，在下面写了中文此处不要了，太恶心了，像这样的卷面几乎是拿不到高分的，还有字迹要清晰可见，闪光点其实是结合我们下面的语言而言的，比如说你是不是通篇都用这样的句子了，好，除此以外我们来看一下写作的最重要的部分，语言结构和内容，那无论是基本分还是奖励分，它整个写出来的一整篇文章它的分数档次，从有资料教育部公布的这些范文而言，我们来看一下教育部官方规定过，O分的这是你这篇是胡说八道的，语言全是错的，单词也是错的，或者说你写了一坨，或者啥也没写，然后或者直接写今天不考了，老子明天再来，对吧，像这样的肯定零分，除此以外最高分的14分的标准，很漂亮，一整篇完整的范文，我在课堂上都给大家展现过了，2分到5分这里划一个线，你今天的这一封信件写了几行，有些同学你写了几段，有些同学只写了一段，毋庸置疑，历史上写一段的，得的是5分，有些同学说，老师我写了10行，写得特别好，从来没分段，两分。除此以外你几乎可以迈向全国平均分的网上了，这叫什么，7分到11分档，至少是三大段，好，我们先来看第一个，既然有这样的评分标准，我们就来看一下三大段的，按照这种7分、11分、14分以上的这种作文，它的第一件事情基本分里边的结构是什么样子的，首先三大段，按照我们之前讲过的Topic、Analysis、Conclusion，首先先引进出去这篇文章的话题，Topic，我要干什么，写这封信，第二件事情，我为什么写这封信，最后总结一下，我还是要感谢你，把自己的话再说一遍，综上所述还是要发自内心的信心，好，但是我们看信件写作稍微有一点点变，三大段依旧是Topic，我都给大家讲过，这个三大段TAC，Topic、Analysis、和Conclusion，好，这时候稍微演变一下，信件第一段变成写信目的，第二段变成写信理由，第三段变成干什么，你总结一下写这封信的目的，我们再次总结一下TAC的写作方式，演变成信件就变成了Topic、Analysis、和Conclusion。除此以外，我们来看一下那结构在一整篇文章的结构固定下来以后，我们来看一下段落内部的结构，它要求什么呢？层次清晰，结构鲜明，这时候你的层次至少应该有起承转合，至少会有引导词，告诉阅卷老师，看这里看这里看这里，跟着我的思路走，一二三点都有了，对不对，像这样的东西叫什么，Firstly Secondly Finally这样的次序词，还有什么？第一点，还有什么？To begin with, In addition，还有什么， Last but not least，最后一点，除此以外我就写两点，有些同学说，老师今天这封信件感谢，我觉得他好像对我没有太大帮助，我只能感谢出一点或两点，如果只能感谢出一点，你应该写的是，我在课堂上讲的那个东西，但是这样内容就不太充分了，我可以至少写两点，For one thing, For another，好，这第一个结构。
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推理题：和蜜蜂：蜂蜜，相对应的是？
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答对啦，看看老师的思路吧！
有问有答&&英语四级一般作文加听力能拿多少分啊？（作文总分是106.5，翻译总分是106.5分）谢谢！_百度知道
色情、暴力
我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。
英语四级一般作文加听力能拿多少分啊？（作文总分是106.5，翻译总分是106.5分）谢谢！
我有更好的答案
完型填空或改错.从各项所占分值来看、写作和翻译四部分组成.其中听力理解部分分值比例为35%,阅读理解为35%,完型填空或改错部分为10%,写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%,其中写作部分15%,翻译部分5%四级考试主要由听力理解、阅读理解,即听力249分,阅读249分,完型填空或改错70分
采纳率：92%
来自团队：
尤其是口语有很大的帮助的，也是可以长期发展的职业。但是要持有一定的教学资质才可以任职。由国家人社部认证证书是国家级的最高资格证书，比起其他证书都更具有法律效益,阅读理解为35%,完型填空或改错部分为10%,写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%,其中写作部分15%,翻译部分5%.从各项所占分值来看,做对外汉语教师是可以学习外语的,即听力249分听力理解部分分值比例为35%
Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually
Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long departed from the human heart.
nothing in literature can long survive e but what is really good.
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英语四级作文之句子写作
13:44&& 来源：外语教育网
我们在前面曾提过学生的作文主要有以下几个方面的问题：
第一、英语底子太薄。
第二、词汇量太小，且对已学词汇记忆不清。
第三、表达思想不清楚。 下面我们以考生的实际作文来进行一下分析。
1） Some one consider that fresh water will not touch it's end.（96年1月，2分）
2） One man's life lack of money， he will impossible to live on. （95年1月，5分）
3） As is know， that there are much fake commodities in today's society.（97年12月，6分）
这里引述的例句与考生通篇作文的写作水平是一致的，其中5、6分的例句具有典型性，代表了近乎中等水平考生的写作水平。从这些例句中不难看出，中等水平的考生，事实上也包括中上等水平的考生，在写作上存在的主要问题是表达思想不清楚。
表达思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中严重汉化的英语，即中式英语，比如： &man can live happiness&， &Man is iron， and food is steel.&， ＂Women are half side sky.＂。此外，语言错误的普遍性和严重性十分惊人，比如，主谓不一致，名词单复数不分，动词时态语态滥用，常用词拼写错误比比皆是。这些严重地影响了思想的表达。考试实践表明，多数考生在写作上的主要欠缺不是系统的写作理论和方法，而是最基本的单句写作能力。
文章无论长短，都是由句子组成的，句子是表达思想的最基本的单位。因此，句子是否能写得正确、达意和清楚，将直接影响整篇文章的写作质量。大学英语四、和研究生入学英语考试的实践都表明，考生写作成绩长期得不到明显提高的主要原因是欠缺写好单句的能力。
为改变这种状况，我们将从剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手，对写作测试中的基本句子结构和写法进行评议和分析，来帮助考生进一步提高句子写作能力。
一、 ＂There be＂结构
考生病句：
There are many people like to go to the movies.
2. There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people.
正确表达：
There are many people who like to go to the movies.
2. There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market.
这两个例句的错误比较有普遍性，因为在历次考试中有不少考生不能正确运用there be这一最常用的句式。在这种结构中，there是引导词，没有实际意义。be在句中作谓语，有时态和数的变化。
There was no school in the village at that time. （=there was not a school&&）
注意：在否定句中，否定词用no，也可用not a或not any.not a后接单数名词，not a 后接复数名词，no后面的名词单复数都可以。
2. There is not a moment to be lost.
3. There are many people rushing into the cities every year.
4. There are many things we can do to prevent traffic accidents.
5. There is no use holding back the wheel of history.
从以上例句还可看出，句中的主语后面可接多种修饰语，如介词短语、不定式短语、定语从句、分词短语等等。这无疑使该结构增加了表现力，使句子表达内容更加丰富。 在运用这一结构时，考生最容易犯的错误是在there be之后又用了一个动词作谓语，使句子结构出现严重错误。这里列举的考生的典型错误均属这种情况，对此我们在写作中要格外注意。
二、 比较结构
考生病句：
Comparing with the bike， the car runs much faster.
2. The climate in Walton is colder than other cities.
正确表达：
Compared with the bike， the car runs much faster.
2. The climate in Walton is colder than that of other cities.
评议与分析：许多考生在作文中用compare或than表示比较，但相当多的表达有误。
在例1中，对两个事物进行比较的句式为Compared with A， B&&，只能用compare的过去分词，不能用现在分词，因为B是分词的逻辑主语，只能被比较。在例2中，考生误将&天气&与&城市&进行比较，而二者没有可比性，只有将后者改为&其他城市的天气&才符合逻辑，很显然，考生的错误是受了汉语表达习惯的影响。
比较结构是常用结构，正确地使用这一结构可以使文章的句式增加变化，有利于提高写作成绩。一般说来，考生若能恰当、正确地运用这一结构，其写作成绩应在5分以上。
下面是比较结构的一些常用的表达方法。
1） In 1998 we produced as many cars as we did in the previous five years.
2） We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past.
1） Children now enjoy better medical treatment than before.
2） We can live longer without food than we can （live ） without water.
三、 表达原因的结构
考生病句：
The real reason to our failure is not far to seek.
2. The reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
正确表达：
The real reason for our failure is not far to seek.
2. The reason for this is that some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
评议与分析：
以上两个病句分别引自92年1月和97年12月的考生作文。从遣词造句上看，这两位考生具有一定的写作能力，not far to seek， plenty of money以及without working hard等均运用正确、恰当。但令人遗憾的是，第一位考生不知道reason不与to搭配而应接介词for，第二位考生犯了一个中国学生常犯的错误，就是用because引起表语从句，because这个词不能引起表语从句，在本句中只能改用that才正确。
掌握好表达原因的结构是十分重要的，几乎所有的写作试题都要求写原因或可以写原因。在大学英语四、考试、研究生入学英语考试以及TOEFL考试中，写作的文体基本上是议论文，而议论文的基本模式是摆事实、讲道理，讲道理就是说明原因。写作测试的文体决定了表达原因结构的重要性。
英语中用来表达原因这一概念的结构有多种。我们可用as ， because， since， seeing that， considering that， now that， not that&&等词组引出表示原因的从句。例如：
Now that we have seen these great achievements with our own eyes， we feel more proud than ever of our country.
2. Professor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to make rapid progress.
3. Since we live near the sea， we enjoy a healthy climate.
4. Pollution is still a serious problem， not that we don't have the ability to solve it， but that some people have not realized the consequences of the problem.
我们还可以借助某些词语用简单句表达原因结构。例如：
The reason for this change is quite obvious.
2. Diligence is the key factor of success.
3. Idleness is the root of all evils.
4. He was ashamed to have made the mistake.（=He was ashamed that he had made the mistake. =He was ashamed because he had made the mistake.）
除了上述的例句外，英语中还有很多或易或难的表达原因的结构。我们在进行写作训练的时候，不能满足于一知半解，要讲究书面语言的正确性和准确性。比如，because是最常用的引导原因从句的连词，语气最强，表示直接的原因，若because置于句首，后面的主句不能再用so.用as引导的原因从句语气较弱，所说明的原因是附带的，而since表示的原因暗示着是稍加分析之后才能推断出来的原因。
四、 否定结构
Some people think we needn't to worry about fresh water.
2. Nowadays many people don't like to go to the movies， too.
正确表达：
Some people think we needn't worry （或don't need to worry） about fresh water.
2. Nowadays many people don't like to go to the movies， either.
评议与分析：
例句1选自96年1月考生作文，例句2选自92年1月六级考生作文。例句1 的错误在于该考生混淆了need作为情态动词和作为普通动词的用法。
need作为情态动词时，主要用于否定句，后面的动词不带to， needn't worry，作we的谓语。need作为实意动词时，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，don't need to worry 中的to worry作don't need的宾语。例句2的错误在于该考生混淆了too和either的区别，这两个词都表示&也&的意思，但是在英语中too， also只能用于肯定句，而either只能用于否定句。
否定结构除了在助动词、情态动词，be和have后面加not之外，还有许多不含not的否定结构。若能正确使用他们，文章会显得生动活泼，增加写作的闪光点。下面我们就来看看：
含有否定意义的词汇和短语
以下列举的词和词组本身就具有否定的含义，因此无需用否定词。
介词against， beyond， but， except， without，&&
形容词和动词absent， deny， differ， different， fail， free， ignore， miss， refuse， the last， used to， reluctant， lack， want，&&
短语keep&&from， protect&&from， prevent&&from， let alone， at a loss， in vain， instead of， out of the question， rather than， too&&to， by no means， anything but，&&
我们看以下例句：
1） Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。
2） This is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.
这不是解决能源危机的最好的办法。
3） We should protect trees from being destroyed.
我们应保护树木，不让它们受破坏。
4） In old China we could not make a nail， let alone（make） machines.
在旧中国，我们连一个钉子都造不了，更不用说制造机器了。
2. 含有半否定意义的词语
barely， hardly， few， little， rarely， scarcely， seldom， not all， not everyone， not everything，&&具有半否定的意义。例句：
1） We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.
几年前在冬天市场上很难见到新鲜蔬菜。
2） These young people know little about how to choose good books to read.
这些年轻人几乎不知道如何挑选优秀的书籍来读。
3. 不含否定意义的否定结构
有些词和词组形式上是否定结构，但其含义是肯定的，比如：cannot but， can't help， no sooner&&than， not&&until， in no time， none other than， nothing but，等等。例句：
1） We can't but face the reality.
我们只有面对现实。
2） These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.
这些旧建筑将很快为现代化的公寓所代替。
4. 否定结构的倒装语序
我们有时为了强调而把否定词和词组放在句首，这时句子结构应倒装。例如：
1） On no account should we follow blindly.我们决不应当盲从。
2） No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country.没有任何其他地方有我国这样高的学习热情。
五、 含有it的结构
考生病句：
As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the
development of society.
2. It is known to us， practice makes perfect.
正确表达：
It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the
development of society. （或：As is known to all of us， science&&）
2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. （或：As is known to us， practice&&）
评议与分析：
例句1是93年12月六级考试11分作文的评分样卷句子，例句2选自97年1月四级考试作文。很显然，两个考生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主语，后面的主语从句必须由that引起；如果用as，则后面不能用that，因为as是关系代词，代表practice makes perfect.
It 在英语中是个相当活跃的代词，在写作中我们常要使用它。以下几种用法应熟练掌握，并能灵活运用。
作形式主语
It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully. It makes difference whether
we could purify the air or not.
2.作形式宾语
We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that. Modern science has made it
possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.
3.引导强调句
It is only by this way that we can achieve success. It was then that people began to realize
the importance of controlling population.
从语法结构来看，上述的句子都不难，或者可以说是考生相当熟悉的。然而在写作考试中，多数考生缺乏运用自己已掌握的句式的意识，而以自己头脑中拼凑的中式英语取而代之。其实，只要能恰当地运用上述的任何一个句式，考生的作文就会出现闪光点，就会取得比较好的成绩。
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电话：010-140天攻克大学英语四级(作文·翻译分册&1&)
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40天攻克大学英语四级(作文·翻译分册&1&)
UNIT 1 (15)
&&& 1. So +
+ that + &&&
&&& So precious is time that we can not afford to waste it.& &&&
&&& The Inversion&&&
&&& 2. adj. + as + Subject+ be, S. + V. + &&&
&&& Rich as our country is, our quality of life is by no means satisfactory.&&&
&&& v by no means = in no way = on no account&&&
&&& 3. On no account can we + V. + &&&
&&& On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.&&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& complete inversion&&&
&&& Then began a bitter war between the two countries.& &&&
&&& partial inversion&&&
&&& At no time can the entrance be left unguarded.& &&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& (1) Among the disadvantages that&&&&&&& may bring to&&&&&& are that + S. + V., making + n. + adj.&&&
+ arethat&&&
&&& Among the disadvantages that cars may bring to our lives are that we could spend more time in traffic jams and we would likely spend more money on operation and maintenance fees, making our schedules tighter and our pockets lighter!&&&
&&& (2) With these steps, we can change our society into one out of which comes the possibility that&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& out of which comes the possibility&&&
&&& With these steps, we can change our society into one out of which comes the possibility that natural resources will be fully cherished.&&&
&&& (3) There is a real possibility that&&&&&& , should there be a&&&&&& .&&&
&&& Should there be aifIf there should be a&&&
&&& There is a real possibility that we can solve this problem completely, should there be cooperation among all parties involved.&&&
&&& (4) never, hardly, seldom, rarely, not, untilscarcely, in no casein no wayby no meanson no accountat no time&&&
&&& By no means shall we cease to protect our environment.&&&
&&& (5) It was very late. Exhausted though she was, there was no hope of her being able to fall asleep.&&&
&&& asthough&&&
&&& 1) Small as a bicycle is, it can bring a lot of convenience to our lives.&&&
&&& 2) Foolish though he looks, he always seems to make the wisest proposals. &&&
&&& 3) Try as you may, you will never succeed. &&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. As for the influence of computerization, nowhere have we seen the results more clearly than in the bank.&&&
&&& 2. Had it not been for the timely investment from the government, our company would not be thriving as it is.&&&
&&& 3. Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.&&&
&&& 4. The organization had broken no rules, but neither had it acted responsibly.&&&
&&& 5. Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among Chinese citizens.&&&
&&& 6. Parents planning to divorce do not sufficiently prepare their children for the coming crisis, nor do they provide them with the necessary assurances that they will be cared for in the aftermath.&&&
&&& 7. Clever and resourceful though he was, he found more than a little difficulty solving the problem.&&&
&&& 8. Not only was she a hard worker, but she was also very polite.&&&
&&& 9. Under a tree was sitting one of the biggest men I had ever seen.&& &
&&& 10. Only when the researchers have obtained sufficient data can they come to a sound conclusion.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. Scarcely they had settled themselves in their seats in the theatre&&&
&&& when the curtain went up.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. Under no circumstances we should do anything that will benefit&&&
&&& ourselves but harm the interests of the state. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. Not until an infant hedgehogopens its eyes it leaves its&&&
&&& nest to follow its mother about. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. Down jumped was the burglar from the tenth floor when the&&&
&&& policeman pointed his pistol at him. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. Most of his classmates agree with the opinion that bad as he is,&&&&
&&& but he has his good points. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. Not until have I passed the examination will I be able to go out&&&&
&&& to parties. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. Not only the student disturb the authority of the older&&&&
&&& generation he can threaten the social system as a whole. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. No fewer than one thousand people did come here to attend the&&&&
&& &competition. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. We had hardly arrived when does she started crying to go home. &&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. No sooner had he drunk the coffee when he began to feel drowsy.&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. they had—had they&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2. we should—should we&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & 3. it leaves—does it leave&&&
&&& 4. was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 5. but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & 6. have II have&&&
&&& 7. onlydoes&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 8. did comecame&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & 9. does&&&
&&& 10. when—than&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood. (Marie Curie)&&&
&&& global shortage of fresh water&&&
&&& Famous scientist Marie Curie once said, “Nothing in
it is only to be understood.” In the same ways, once we understand the causes of this phenomenon, we can confidently believe that we will solve the problem with the following means.&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has unlimited enthusiasm.&&&&
&&& (C. M. Schwab)&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and also the determination to attain it. (Goethe)&&&
&&& The important thing is to, &&&
&&& (1) Nothing is + (adj).er than to + V. + …&&&
&&& Nothing is + more +
+ than to + V. + &&&
&&& Nothing is more important than to receive education.& &&&
&&& (2) What a + adj. + n. + S. + V.!= How + adj. + a + n. + V.!&&&
&&& What an important thing it is to keep our promise!&&&
&&& How important a thing it is to keep our promise!&&&
&&& 1. The narrator may be right about…, but he& neglects& to& mention&&&&&&& the fact&&&
&&& that…&&&
&&& 2.& As opposed to&& widely&&&& held& beliefs&& , I& believe&& that…&&&
&&& 3. Although many people believe that…, I& doubt&& whether the argument holds up to much& analysis&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&
&&& 4. The advantages of B& outweigh any benefit we could gain from& A.&&&
&&& 5. Although it is& commonly&& held&&&&& that…, it is unlikely that…&&&
&&& 6. There is an element of truth in this& argument&&& , but it ignores a deeper and more&&&
&&& basic&&&&&&& fact&&& that…&&&
&&& 7.& It is true that& …, but& that is not to say&&& that…&&&
&&& True&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&& &&it is unlikely&&&
&&& To be sure&&&&& &&it doesn’t follow&&&
&&& Admittedly& &&&&&&&&&& &&that doesn’t mean&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&& &&it won’t be the case&&&
&&& 8. The& main&&& problem& with& this& argument is that it is ignorant of&&&&&&&& the&&&
&&&& basic&&&&&&& fact that…&&&
&&& 9. It would be& natural&&&& to& think&&&&&&&& that…, but it would be& absurd& to&&&&
&&& claim& that…&&&
&&& 10. In all the discussion and debate over…, one& important& fact is generally&&&
&&& overlooked&&&&&&&& : …&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 2
&&& It is universally acknowledged that + &&&
&&& It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.& && &
&&& It isthat + The Emphatic Pattern&&&
&&& It is/was++ whothatwhothatwhichthat&&&
&&& It is conceivable that + &&&
&&& It is obvious that + &&&
&&& It is apparent that + &&&
&&& It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.& &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& (1) It is (was)that (who)whothat&&&
&&& He read three books in the library yesterday.&&&
&&& It was he who read three books in the library yesterday.&&&
&&& It was three books that he read in the library yesterday.&&&
&&& It was in the library that he read three books yesterday.&&&
&&& (2) thatwhenwhere&&&
&&& It is at 5 o’clock that the train will arrive.&&&
&&& (3) &&&
&&& It is he who is late.&&&
&&& It is they who were late.&&&
&&& (4) Is (was) it + that?+ is (was) +it +that?&&&
&&& Was it ten years ago that his father died?&&&
&&& When is it that you will set off?&&&
&&& (5)notuntilIt is not untilthatnotuntil&&&
&&& I didnt go home until the rain stopped.&&&
&&& It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.&&&
&&& I didnt know the news until yesterday.&&&
&&& It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& (1) It is the responsibility of&&&&&& to do sth.&&&&
&&& It is the responsibility of every citizen in our society to do his utmost to protect the environment.&&&&
&&& (2) It is the&&&&&& , I suppose, that have\has given rise to&&&&&& .&&&&
&&& I suppose&&&
&&& It is the tighter job market, I suppose, that has given rise to the increase in the number of unemployed college students in China.&&&&
&&& (3) It is only when&&&&&& that&&&&&& .&&&
&&& when&&&
&&& It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value him.&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&& &10. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. It was at the eleventh hour that I got wind of what was going on.&&&
&&& 2. It does not matter whether he accepts my opinions or not.&&&
&&& 3. It is not my place to interfere in such affairs.&&&
&&& 4. It is impolite behavior to smoke in a crowded bus.&&&
&&& 5. It is undeniable that Edison was a genius in the truest sense of the word.&&&
&&& 6. It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized he had forgotten to do the homework.&&&
&&& 7. In our home it is a rigid rule for each person to wash his hands before eating.&&&
&&& 8. It is wise to read everything about something and something about everything.&&&
&&& 9. She felt it incumbent upon her to answer the letter at once.&&&
&&& 10. It is to be regretted that the majority of young people should look upon an effortless life as the highest good.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. It is she which I think is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. There is an old saying which says, “Great oaks from little acorns&&&
&&& grow.” &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. It is in the park which they’ll take a picnic. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. It is believed which the earliest feature of chronic bronchitis is&&&
&&& excessive secretion from the mucous glands and goblet call. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. It is one of his peculiarities that no incident ever happens to him&&&
&&& that without teaching him some valuable lesson. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. It is an error to suppose which the public is indifferent or unable&&&
&&& to understand the problems of religion and philosophy. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. It is wrong to accuse a person of a crime that you have evidence&&&
&&& that he may be guilty. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. It be reasonable to receive extra pay for extra work. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. It is very difficult that you haven’t sufficient data to solve the&&&
&&& problem. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. which—who&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2. which—that&&&&&&&&&&&& 3. which—where&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 4. which—that&&&&
&&& 5. himthat&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 6. whichthat&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 7. thatunless&&&
&&& 8. be—is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 9. that—when&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. (Martin Luther King, Jr.)&&&
&&& We must do, but we must never&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& Genius is formed in quiet, character in the stream of life. (Goethe )&&&
&&& is formed in&&&
&&& 1. There is& absolutely&& no&& &&&reason for us to& believe& that…&&&
&&& 2.& Logical& as this argument is, and I whole-heartedly agree with it, it appears&&&
&&& insignificant& when… is taken into& consideration& .&&&
&&& 3. To& assume& that…& is far from infallible& .&&&
&&& 4. A &close&&& inspection&&& of this argument would reveal how& flimsy&&&&& it is.&&&
&&& 5.& On the surface& ,& it&& may seem& a sound&&&&& suggestion& , but&&&
&&& with careful consideration&& , we find that…&&&
&&& 6. Too much& emphasis placed on&&& … may& obscure& other facts, including that…&&&
&&& 7. The& danger&& is that…&&&
&&& 8. What the& narrator& fails to& understand& is that…&&&
&&& 9. We don’t have to look very far to& see&&&&& the& truth&&& of this& argument&& .&&&
&&& 10. However& just&&& this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the problem&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 3
&&& It is necessary that effective actions be taken to prevent this problem.&&&&
&&& shouldIt is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent this problem. &&&
&&& It is hoped that great efforts should be directed to (expended on / focused on) finding (developing / improving)should&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& (1) Although many have tried, few have succeeded in attempts to&&&&&& .&&&
&&& tried&&&
&&& Although many have tried, few have succeeded in attempts to find perfect solutions.&&&
&&& (2)&&&&&& , be it&&&&&& , will bring a lot of happiness into our lives.&&&
&&& whethermightbe itwhether it might beBe it&&&
&&& The application of electric power, be it to light our rooms or to listen to music, will bring a lot of happiness to our lives.&&&&&
&&& (3) Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though to go out of the office.&&&
&&& as thoughshe wantedas though she wanted to go out of the office.&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. Dave Mitchell&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. The project requires more labor than has been put in because it is extremely difficult.&&&
&&& 2. Though raised in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.&&&
&&& 3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, so too is the atmosphere.&&&
&&& 4. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything that is going on in the world.&&&
&&& 5. His suit hung loosely as if tailored for someone twice his size.&&&
&&& 6. A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog.&&&
&&& 7. No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless trained very young.&&&
&&& 8. He stands up for what he thinks right, whatever the personal cost.&&&
&&& 9. He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more wine than was good for his health.&&&
&&& 10. Even though relatively costly, the engine is highly efficient and infrequently needs servicing.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. A programmed computer begins to show on its screen the figures&&&
&&& you need when is switched on. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. No one, at any rate no English writer, has written about&&&&
&&& childhood life in a way more poignant than Dickens was. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of&&&&
&&& patients do not taken drugs as directed, lowering the effectiveness of&&&
&&& the drugs significantly. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. Layer upon layer of deep snow means that, when it melted,& &&
&&& the snow-water would be pure, not salty as sea -ice would be. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. All these projects require continuous spending on new equipment&&&
&&& and new development if they are to serve properly, and require more&&&
&&& money than is raised through taxes alone today. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. You spent more money than was intended to spend. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. To understand the situation completely require more thought&&&
&&& that has been given thus far. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. We can observe small things clearly under a microscope&&&&
&&& because it makes them appear larger as they really are. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. In debating, one must correct the opponent’s falsehoods, deny&&&&&&&&& &&&
&&& the relevance of his proof, and deny that which he presents as proof,&&&
&&& even if relevant, is sufficient. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. Yet these old controversies give no less revealing insight on the&&&
&&& minds of our grandfathers than do the major issues of the last century. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2. wasdid&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& && 3. takentake&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 4. it&&&
&&& 5. is—is being&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 6. spend—be spent&&&&& && 7. require—requires&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 8. as—than&&&
&&& 9. which—what&&&&&&&&&&&& 10. on—into&&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& On earth there is n and in man there is nothing great but mind. (Hamilton )&&&
&&& nothing but&&&
&&& I have nothing but compassion for your situation.&&&
&&& Nothing but determination will get us through this.&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& Live as though you intend to live forever, and work as though your strength were limitless. (S. Bernhardt )&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& Don’t believe that winning is really everything. It’s more important to stand for something. If you don’t stand for something, what do you win? (Lane Kirkland )&&&
&&& Dont be afraid that we wont succeed in
it is more important to know we are doing our best. 20&&&
&&& 1. Although the popular belief is that…, a& current&&& study&&&&&&&& indicates&&&
&&& that…&&&
&&& 2. Common sense tells us that…&&&
&&& 3. The& increase& in…& mainly&& results from …&&&
&&& 4. The& increase& in… is& due to&&&&&& the fact that…&&&
&&& 5. Many people would claim that…&&&
&&& 6. One may& attribute the& increase& to…, but… is not by itself an adequate&&&
&&& explanation.&&&
&&& 7. One of the reasons given for… is that…&&&
&&& 8. What is also worth highlighting is that…&&&
&&& 9. There are& many&&&&&&& causes& for this& dramatic&&&& growth& in…. First, …&&&
&&& Second,… Finally,…&&&
&&& 10. There is no evidence to suggest that…&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 4
&&& I like traveling, and I will do my best to share the fun of traveling with others.&&&&
&&& I like traveling. I will do my best to share the fun of traveling with others.andandIt appears mysteriously and spreads spontaneously in many different forms.&&&
&&& and, or, but&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& orand&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& 1Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.& &&&
&&& +and+andOne more effort, and you will be successful.&&&
&&& 2Study hard, or you will fail to pass the exam.& &&&
&&& +or&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& +and+or+andandor&&&
&&& 1. Speak louder, and every student in the classroom will able to hear you.&&&
&&& 2. Start early, and you will arrive ahead of schedule.&&&
&&& 3. Violate the law, and you will be arrested by the police.&&&
&&& 4. Walk slightly, or you will make a noise and wake the baby.&&&
&&& 5. Read the book more carefully, or you will not understand the main idea.&&&
&&& 6. One more such storm and all the crops will be totally destroyed.&&&
&&& 7. Talk of the devil, and he will appear.&&&
&&& 8. Please, quickly, or you will be late.&&&
&&& 9. Walk quickly, or you will not catch the early bus.&&&
&&& 10. Study hard, and you will pass the examination.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. Speak more loudly, and you won’t be heard by others.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 2. Write quickly, and you won’t finish the composition in time. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 3. Work hard, or you will pass the English examination. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 4. Read one more, or you will catch the meaning. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 5. Admitting your faults, or you will be punished. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 6. Read philosophy books, and you will be benefit from them&&&&
&&& sooner or later. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 7. Think it over, or you will find the solution to the problem. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 8. Do the morning exercise, and you will benefit in it. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 9. Work hard, and you will successful one day. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 10. Write neatly and clearly, or you will give your teacher a&&&&
&&& good impression. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 1. and—or&&&&&&&&&&& 2. and—or&&&&&&&&&& 3. or—and&&&&&&&&&& 4. or—and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 5. Admitting—Admit&&&
&&& 6. be&&&&&&&&&&&& 7. orand&&&&&&&&&& 8. infrom&&&&&&&& 9. willwill be&&&&&&&&&&&& 10. orand&&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& Life can only be understood backwards, but it must be lived forwards. (Kierkegaard )&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& No man is useless in this world who lightens the burden of someone else.&&&
&&& (C. Dickens )&&&
&&& 1. Why& are& …? For one thing, … For another, …&&&
&&& 2. Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that…&&&
&&& 3. It& gives rise to& a host of& problems&&&& .&&&
&&& 4. There are numerous reasons why…, and I shall explore here only a few of the most important ones.&&&
&&& 5. It will& exert&&&& profound&&& influence on…&&&
&&& 6. A multitude of factors could& account for&& the& change&&&&& in…&&&
&&& 7. In 1999, it& increased&& from 5 to 10 percent of the total& .&&&
&&& 8. By comparison with 1998, it& decreased&& from 10 to 5 percent .&&&
&&& 9. … account(s) for 15 percent of the total.&&&
&&& 10. There were 100 traffic accidents in April, and an increase of 5 percent in a five-month period.&&&
&&& By 1999,& only& &&&&&&&three quarters of&& college-aged& were against…,&&&&
&&& (as compared with)& last year& , the same population preferred to (liked)…&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 5
&&& 1. The reason why +
is that + &&&
&&& whywhythe reason&&&
&&& The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.&&&
&&& those who&&&
&&& Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. &&&
&&& 2. Since the time that + S + S + &&&
&&& since&&&
&&& Since the time that he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& The connective&&&
&&& (1) +++when+++&&&
&&& whenwhen&&&
&&& On a rainy day I was driving on the Street of Eternal Peace when I noticed a young man holding up a sign that read Frank. &&&
&&& (2) No one everything that is going on in the world.&&&
&&& that is going on in the worldeverythingeverythingthat&&&
&&& No one has time to read an account of everything that is going on in the world. &&&
&&& (3) rather than, we should&&&
&&& rather than&&&
&&& Rather than pursue money to achieve happiness, we should focus on the improvement of parts of ourselves.&&&
&&& other than=except()&&&
&&& He never speaks to me other than to ask for something. &&&
&&& She has no close friends other than me.
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&& 7. 100&&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&& 1. The speaker claimed that no other modern nation devotes so small a portion of its wealth to public assistance and health as does China.&&&
&&& 2. If individuals are awakened each time they begin a dream phrase of sleep, they are likely to become irritable even though their total amount of sleep has been sufficient.&&&
&&& 3. Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.&&&
&&& 4. Water will continue to be what it is today: second in importance to oxygen.&&&
&&& 5. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, the larger of which could go penniless by next year.&&&
&&& 6. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom tests.&&&
&&& 7. There are over 100 night schools in this city, making it possible for a professional to be reeducated no matter what he does.&&&
&&& 8. As can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.&&&
&&& 9. California has more light than it knows what to do with but everything else is expensive.&&&
&&& 10. Ill give this dictionary to anyone who wants to have it.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. The senior librarian at the circulation desk promised to get the book&&&
&&& for me if only she could remember who last borrowed it.&&&&
&&& 2. Prof Lees book will show you how that you have observed can&&&
&&& be used in other contexts.&&&&
&&& 3. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting until you&&&
&&& dont mind taking the night train.&&&&
&&& 4. Most electronic devices of this kind, that are manufactured&&&
&&& for such purposes, are packaged tightly.&&&&
&&& 5. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of&&&
&&& obtaining water is not the least.&&&&
&&& 6. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe but that&&&
&&& it provides the building blocks from which other elements are produced.&&&&
&&& 7. That it is generally accepted, economic growth is determined&&&
&&& by the smooth development of production.&&&&
&&& 8. There are over 100 night schools in this city, making it possible&&&
&&& for a professional to be reeducated no matter how he does.&&&&
&&& 9. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores,&&&
&&& and this is especially true since it comes to classroom tests.&&&&
&&& 10. Granted that we had all the materials ready, we should begin&&&
&& &the new task at once.&&&&
&&& 1. if onlyonly if 2. thatwhat 3. untilprovided 4. thatas&&&
&&& 5. ofof which 6. butin 7. ThatAs&&&
&&& 8. howwhat 9. sincewhen 10. hadhave&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fall. (O. Goldsmith)&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& To be without some of the things you want is an indispensable part of happiness. (Russell )&&&
&&& is an indispensable part of.&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them. (Bernard Shaw)&&&
&&& get on, get up and look for&&&
&&& 1. From what has been discussed above , we may safely draw the conclusion that&&&
&&& 2. All the evidence supports the unshakable conclusion that&&&
&&& 3. It is high time that we place great emphasis on the improvement of&&&
&&& 4. It is high time that we put an end to the deep-seated situation of&&&
&&& 5. We must look for an immediate action , because the present&&&
&&& situation of, if permitted to continue , will surely lead to the&&&
&&& end of&&&
&&& 6. There is no easy solution to the problem of, but might be a&&&
&&& useful measure to take.&&&
&&& 7. There is no easy method hand to solve the problem of, but&&&
&&& increasing the common recognition of the necessity of might be the first&&&
&&& step towards change .&&&
&&& 8. Following these methods may not guarantee success in , but the pay-off&&&
&&& will be worth the effort.&&&
&&& 9. Obviously , if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that&&&
&&& 10. Unless there is a common realization of , it is very likely that
UNIT 1 (15)Day 6 1
&&& 1. I am all but ready. &&&
all but = nearly
all butall but = all except&&&
&&& 2. That little bridge is anything but safe. &&&
anything but= far from,
anything but&&&
&&& 3. It is far from all of the students who are able to speak Chinese. &&&
&&& It is far from allnot. &&&
&&& 4. You must leave her a message, and immediately at that. &&&
&&& at that&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. 20&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&& 1. In the last 20 years, he has all but graduated from that university.&&&
&&& 2. National Day is coming, and everyone but him is preparing for the celebration.&&&
&&& 3. Not all of the foreign visitors came from Europe.&&&
&&& 4. Neither of them have visited China.&&&
&&& 5. Because of the heavy traffic, the bus moved forward irregularly, and the speed even then was very slow.&&&
&&& 6. He lived alone, but he felt anything but lonely.&&&
&&& 7. Dont listen to his sweet words. I was cheated by him last year. Hes a wolf in sheeps clothing.&&&
&&& 8. When I shop, I usually ask my friends to help me decide on the color.&&&
&&& 9. Unless we are prepared in every aspect, we shall be at a disadvantage in dealing with the invaders.&&&
&&& 10. I enjoy anything but silliness.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. The child was all that run over by the train.&&&&
&&& 2. The skaters on the pond all not broke through the ice.&&&&
&&& 3. Only but John passed the examination.&&&&
&&& 4. I enjoy all the last one of her novels.&&&&
&&& 5. I can only select either of the two schemes.&&&&
&&& 6. You must pay attention to your behavior, and constantly that.&&&&
&&& 7. Everyone wants a happy family, and a healthy one.&&&&
&&& 8. He used to take drugs that he was young.&&&&
&&& 9. Some will&&&
&&& nothing but die for it.&&&&
&&& 10. The old man who had been used working from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m.&&&
&&& was like a fish out of water when his firm pensioned him off.&&&&
&&& 1. thatbut 2. notbut 3. onlyAll 4. allbut&&&
&&& 5. only 6. thatat 7. oneat that&&&&
&&& 8. thatwhen 9. nothinganything 10. usedused to&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& Great men are rarely isolated mountain- they are summits of ranges. (T. W. Higginson)&&&
&&& Just as T. W. Higginson said, Great men are rarely isolated mountain- they are summits of ranges. We should make efficient use of the wisdom to seek the best solution for this.&&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& We should live and labor in our time such that what came to us as seed may go to the next generation as blossom, and what came to us as blossom may go to them as fruit. This is what we mean by progress. (H. W. Beecher)&&&
&&& such that&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 7 (2)
&&& 1. The enemy attempted to win over uncle Chen, but it was in vain. &&&
&&& in vain = without a successful result. &&&
&&& 2. It is no use trying to persuade him to accept the gift. &&&
&&& It is no use ~ing~ing it&&&
&&& 3. It is not till they lose it that people know the value of health. &&&
&&& It is not till (until)thatnot till (until)it isthat&&&
&&& 4. It is with life as with a dream. &&&
&&& It is with as with= It is in as inas with&&&
&&& 5. It will be some time before it returns to its original shape. &&&
&&& It will bebefore&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& 3. 19:00&&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&& 1. I am just spinning my wheels heretheres no chance to get a pay raise, much less a promotion.&&&
&&& 2. It is no use trying to catch up with the train once it starts.&&&
&&& 3. Summer is coming, now it was not until 7:00 p.m. that the sky starts getting dark.&&&
&&& 4. It is in life as in a long journey: going through difficulties, as well as pleasant times, and at the same time, concentrated experiences.&&&
&&& 5. It is in man as in soil that there is sometimes a vein of gold that the owner is unaware of.&&&
&&& 6. It was more than 8 years before the army defeated the enemy completely&&&
&&& 7. Whatever you may say, I have no concern with that issue.&&&
&&& 8. The president had no concern with the bribery case.&&&
&&& 9. The teacher heard the boy say something under his breath and she asked him to repeat it aloud.&&&
&&& 10. It will be about another half a year before they finish the engineering construction supervision.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. We protested on vain. The government still insisted on&&&
&&& demolishing the building.&&&&
&&& 2. All he has done is vain. It wont save our company.&&&&
&&& 3. It is absurd think about a plan that is impossible to implement.&&&&
&&& 4. Discipline can be relaxed until the last day of school has passed.&&&&
&&& 5. The country did not became a real democracy unless the middle&&&
&&& of last century.&&&&
&&& 6. It is with read books as with receiving education in social sciences.&&&&
&&& 7. It is with researching historic characters as with communicate with&&&
&&& persons of that time.&&&&
&&& 8. I thought it is with accepting the task as with putting it into&&&
&& &practice before I assimilated into the society.&&&&
&&& 9. It will be about half a year after you finish the engineering&&&
&&& construction supervision.&&&&
&&& 10.It will be about three years of getting to know each other&&&
&&& before they decided to marry.&&&&
&&& 1. onin 2. isis in 3. thinkthinking 4. cancannot&&&
&&& 5. unlessuntil 6. readreading 7. communicatecommunicating&&&
&&& 8. iswas 9. afterbefore 10. will betook&&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& The greater the man, the more restrained his anger. (Ovid )&&&
&&& The + ~er + S. + V.,
the + ~er + S. + V. &&&
&&& The + more + adj. + S. + V.,
the + more + adj. + S. + V. &&&
&&& The harder you work, the more progress you make. &&&
&&& The more books we read, the more learned we become. &&&
&&& 2. &&&
&&& It is easier to fight for principles than to live up to them. (A. E. Stevenson)&&&
&&& it is ++to do sth. than to do sth.&&&
&&& 1. There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to the&&&
&&& problem of &&&
&&& 2. It is necessary that effective action be taken to prevent the&&&
&&& situation .&&&
&&& 3. It is hoped that great efforts be taken to control the&&&
&&& growth of&&&
&&& 4. It is hoped that great efforts will be directed towards finding &&&
&&& 5. It remains to be seen whether, but the prospects are (not)&&&
&&& very encouraging .&&&
&&& 6. At any rate, wider attention should be given to the possible&&&
&&& consequences of&&&
&&& 7. To reverse the trend is not a light task , and it requires a different&&&
&&& state of mind towards &&&
&&& 8. For these reasons, I strongly recommend that&&&
&&& 9. For the reasons given above, I feel that&&&
&&& 10. Taking into account the reasons mentioned above, we can confidently come to a&&&
&&& conclusion that.&&&
UNIT 1 (15)Day 8 (3)
&&& 1. They say that she is a movie star. &&&
they say = it is said thatthey = people, I heard &&&
&&& 2. This is the reason why he became so involved in the suicide case. &&&
This is the reason why=this iswhy This is the way how=thusthis is the reason whythe waythe reason&&&
&&& 3. The plane flew higher and higher, till at last it disappeared from my sight. &&&
&&& , till (will) at last=, and at lasttill&&&
&&& 4. He grabbed at straws but he could not reach it. &&&
&&& to grab at strawsTo grab at straws= to grasp\ reach for straws.&&&
&&& 5. To my great surprise, he played the piano well. &&&
&&& to ones surprise=to the surprise ofto ones joyto ones sorrowto ones satisfactionto ones disappointment&&&
&&& A. &&&
&&& 1. &&&
&&& 2. 1787&&&
&&& 3. &&&
&&& 4. &&&
&&& 5. &&&
&&& 6. &&&
&&& 7. &&&
&&& 8. &&&
&&& 9. &&&
&&& 10. &&&
&&& 1. They say that man is the least biologically determined species of all because he possesses features absent in other natural species.&&&
&&& 2. I heard that the Americans drew up their Articles of Confederation in 1781 in order to provide a working form of government. &&&
&&& 3. This is the reason why he did not want to accept the fact.&&&
&&& 4. This is the way I resigned from the job in that company.&&&
&&& 5. They argued with hot words and gradually they got excited, until at last one of them resorted to reckless measures.&&&
&&& 6. To the surprise of all present, the hero was gone.&&&
&&& 7. I was just about half-way through my sixth year when one morning at breakfast we children were informed to our utter dismay that we could no longer be permitted to run absolutely wild.&&&
&&& 8. Like all politicians, he says he wants to do good for people, but I think he has an axe to grind.&&&
&&& 9. From my perspective, I think you behaved rudely before your mom.&&&
&&& 10. Her new evening dress is the last word in Paris fashion.&&&
&&& B. &&&
&&& 1. It is say that she is a movie star.&&&&
&&& 2. They tell that there will be a heavy storm tomorrow.&&&&
&&& 3. This is the way which I saw the results.&&&&
&&& 4. This is the reason that why she could not receive a normal&&&
&&& school education.&&&&
&&& 5. After suffering from the hurt, at finally he stood up and&&&
&&& decided to start from the very beginning.&&&&
&&& 6. He ran faster and faster, till last he reached the destination first.&&&&
&&& 7. The poor man was simply just reaching into straws when he&&&
&&& took his dying wife to another doctor.&&&&
&&& 8. She walked fast, till at last she caught up the train on time.&&&&
&&& 9. To the surprise, the taste was not as he had imagined it.&&&&
&&& 10. To the joy by his mother, he won first prize.&&&&
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