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你可能喜欢　　101.by chance (=accidentally, by accident)偶然　　102.for a change换换环境(花样等)　　103.charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…　　104.in charge of (=responsible for)负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管　　105.take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)　　106.charge…for因…索取(费用), charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有…　　107.round the clock (=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地　　108.comment on评论　　109.commit oneself to使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit one's idea to writing把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论　　110.in common (和…)有共同之处,共用. be common to sb.是与某人所共有的　　111.keep company with (=be friendly and go out together)和…要好.　　112.compare…with …把…与…比较　　113.compare…to…把…比作…　　114.by comparison比较起来　　115.in comparison with (=in contrast to)和…比起来　　116.compensate for (=give sth. to make up for)补偿,赔偿,弥补compensate sb. for sth.赔偿,弥补　　117.complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告; complain about抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.)向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)　　118.comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守,依从　　119.conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想　　120.concentrate on (or upon)集中,专心　　121.be concerned with (=about)与…有关　　122.concern oneself about / with关心　　123.in conclusion (=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of当…结束时;　　124.condemn sb. to判决　　125.on condition that (=if)以…为条件,假如. in that = because因为; now that = since既然;for all that = although尽管　　126.in / out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好. in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态　　127.confess (to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认,供认; confess to a crime承认罪行.　　128.confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret)对…讲真心话,依赖　　129.in confidence推心置腹地; with confidence满怀信心地; have confidence in对…有信心　　130.confidence in sb. / sth.对…的信赖　　131.be confident of有信心; confidential机密的　　132.confine…to…把…限制在某范围内　　133.confirm sb. in使某人更坚定(信念等)　　134.conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1) obey服从; 2) 3) comply with照…办; 4) keep to遵循; 5) abide by服从;6) stick to按..做　　135.be confronted with (=be brought face to face with)面对,面临　　136.congratulate sb. on祝贺　　137.in connection with (=with regard to)关于,　　138.be conscious of (=be aware of)觉察,知道　　139.consent to (=give agreement to permission)同意　　140.in consequence (=as a result)结果　　141.in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果　　142.under consideration在考虑中　　143.in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of)由于　　144.on no consideration (in no case)无论如何也不　　145.take…into consideration (=take account of, take…into account)考虑到,把…考虑进去　　146.considerate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的　　147.consist of (=be composed of)由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致　　148.be consistent with (=be in agreement with)与…一致. be consistent in一贯的,　　149.consult sb. on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意见,就…向…请教　　150.to one's heart's content尽情地,痛痛快快　　151.be content with (=be satisfied with)满足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事　　152.contrary to (=in opposition to)与…相反　　153.on the contrary相反　　154.contrast…with把…与…相对(对照)　　155.in contrast to/with和…形成对比;by contrast对比之下　　156.contribute to有助于　　157.under control (被)控制住out of control无法控制　　158.at one's convenience (=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点. be convenient to / for对…方便　　159.convince sb. of (=cause sb. to bel to persuade sb.)使某人确信, try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…　　160.cope with (=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付,处理　　161.in the corner (of)在角落里; on (at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处; round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境　　162.correspond (with) (=exchange letters regularly)通信　　163.correspond to相当于. correspond with符合,一致　　164.at all costs不惜任何代价. at the cost of以…为代价　　165.a matter of course理所当然的事　　166.as a matter of course当然地,自然地　　167.in (during) the course在…过程中　　168.in due course (=without too much delay)没经过太久,到一定时候　　169.on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one's credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit使…感到光荣　　170.be critical of爱挑毛病的，批评的　　171.cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病　　172.a danger to对…的危险; be in danger (of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险　　173.to date (=so far, until now)到目前为止　　174.out of date过时的;up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有)　　175.deal with (=concern)论及　　176.be in debt to sb.欠…的债　　177.on the decline在衰退中,在减少中in decline下降; on the increase在增加　　178.to one's delight令某人感到高兴;to one's regret遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief安心; distress苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise惊奇; astonishment惊奇;　　179.delight in (=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢,取乐　　180.take (a) delight in喜欢干…,以…为乐　　181.demand sth. of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西　　182.in demand有需求; on demand受到要求时　　183.be dependent on依靠　　184.deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物　　185.derive…from (=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的. derive from (=come from)起源于　　186.despair of (=lose all hope of)绝望　　187.in despair绝望　　188.despite (=in spite of)不管,尽管　　189.in detail详细地　　190.deviate from偏离,不按…办　　191.on a diet吃某种特殊饮食,节食　　192.differ from…in与…的区别在于…　　193.in difficulties…有困难,处境困难,　　194.discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for)因…解雇,开除　　195.fall back (=retreat, turn back)撤退; in disorder慌乱地,狼狈不堪　　196.on display (=being shown publicly)陈列　　197.dispose of (=get rid of, throw away)处理掉　　198.beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议　　199.in dispute在争议中　　200.in the distance在远处. make out辩认出
400-883-2220提供) 这类题常见的题干有： 1 The first sentence of paragraph 3 implies that ___________________. 2. From the last paragraph we can infer that_______________________. 3. The passage suggests that_______________________-. 4. The paragraph following the last paragraph of this passage would most likely deal with_____________________. 5. What is the author? attitude toward the future of ______________________? s 6. The author? attitude towards the issue seems to be ____. s 7. The author?s attitude towards the issue of “…” is ______. 8. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. 9. The author implies that ______. 10. It can be concluded that _____等等。 推断、引申题 1 原文： you forget to turn off die lights and heaters when you go out of a room? Do In 2040 it will not matter. They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return. The author intends to tell the readers that in year 2040 _____. A. they win live without lights and heaters B. they will me much more lights and beaten C. lights and heaters will be on and off automatically D. there will be no switches of lights and beaten 根据原文的 They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return 我们可 以大致推论出答案为 C：灯和加热器会自动打开和关闭。 推断、引申题 2 原文：All this activity did not prevent RobertSpring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals. The author in the passage implied that _____. A. RobertSpring was highly skilled in coping handwriting and imitating signature B. RobertSpring died in poverty C. Robert established a bookstore in Philadelphia in 1858 D. forgeries are casually sold to persons who aren? experts t 根据原文的 All this activity did not prevent Robert Spring from dying in poverty 可以论出答案为 B：Robert Spring 死于贫困。 推断、引申题 3 原文： One such investigation led to the arrest of the man accused of sending the extremely dangerous Melissa virus, a computer virus that destroyed files in computers around the world in the spring of 1999. How dangerous was Melissa virus back in 1999? A. It destroyed computer files worldwide. B. Many agents took up the case. C. Technicians, experts, and a student were investigated
D. Telephone lines and computers were destroyed. 根据原文的 a computer virus that destroyed files in computers around the world 可以论出答案为 A：它摧毁了全世界的电脑文档。 推断题的特点是：其正确答案无法从原文的表面意义中找到，考生必须从字里行间寻找 推断深层含义。 对作者的总的态度和倾向， 必须在通读全文、 掌握了主题思想和主要事实后， 才能做出判断。 因此从某种意义上说， 推断题是最难做的题。 做这类题应注意深刻理解原文， 找出相关的关键词语或句子， 再由此采用归纳、 演绎等逻辑思维方法推断从而排除错误答案， 找出正确答案。需要指出的是，推理时应以原文中相关的关键词语或句子为基础或依据，且 忌凭空或按考生自己的常识瞎推断。 阅读理解题中推断作者态度是最难的部分，得分档次也在这方面拉开了差距。因此，我 们提出以下几点供考生在阅读中领会作者的观点、意图和态度。 1. 要学会辨别清楚文章的文体。高考阅读试题设计到各类文章，而以议论文为主，文章 的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场；阅读理解中也有说明文、描述 文。前者因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往 往不直接提出，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以，要求考生在读这种文体时要细 心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词式短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句。 2. 对于综合性判断情感态度的题，需要分析段落大意，分析文章的走向，理解文章中心 思想、段落大意，而后才能判断出作者的情感态度。 3. 要学会区分不同的观点——尤其要善于找出作者的观点。 考生要注意文中出现的直接 引语和间接引语，出现的观点(一般是当事人的观点，而不是作者的观点)。作者的观点一般 用 in my view, in my opinion, personally, I think, I hold 等词语表现。 4. 对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。下面是一 些常见的有关作者态度的褒贬词语。 1）表示褒义的词语 positive 赞成的， supporting 支持的， praising 赞扬的， optimistic 乐观的， admiring 羡慕的, interesting 有趣的，humorous 幽默的，serious 严肃的，enthusiastic 热情的， pleasant 愉快的，polite 礼貌的,concerned 关切的,sober 冷静的，等； 2）表示中性的词语 indifferent 冷淡的，不关心的；impassive 冷淡的，不动感情的；uninterested 无兴 趣的，不感兴趣的；ambivalent 情绪矛盾的；neutral 中立的；impersonal 不带个人感 情的；subjective 主观的；objective 客观的；informative 提供信息的；impartial 不偏 袒的；apathetic 漠不关心的，等； 3）表示贬义的词语 disgusted 感到恶心的， 厌恶的； critical 批评的； negative 否定的， 反对的； suspicious 怀疑的；tolerant 容忍的，忍让的；worried 担忧的；pessimistic 悲观的；depressed 沮丧的； disappointed 失望的； ironic 讽刺的； sarcastic 挖苦的； bitter 痛苦的； cynical 玩世不恭的；sentimental 感伤的；emotional 激动的；angry 气愤的，等。 最后需要着重提醒广大考生的是：阅读理解的种种方法技巧，对不同英语水平的考生有 不同的指导作用， 但归根到底， 最重要一点还是要建筑在准确理解的基础上加之大量的有针 对性的练习。我们可以归纳出这样三个要点：高考阅读要过关，考出好成绩一是思想重视， 二是方法得当，三是要有足够的训练保证。 Reading Comprehension 1 Passage 1 “ Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that
their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family—hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one? parents and starting one? own life. The man? first duty will s s s then be to his wife, and the wife? to her husband. He will be entirely responsible s for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife? parents s nor the husband? nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right s, to interfere with them—they are their own masters.? Readers of novels like Jane Austen? Pride and Prejudice will know that in s former times marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl? parents, s that is, it was the parents?duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents?home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. A girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry. 1. What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”? A.Different families have different ways of life. B. Different definitions could be given to the word. C. Different nations have different families. D.Different times produce different families. 2. For an English family, the husband? duty is ____. s A. supporting the family while the wife is financial? B. defending the family while the wife is running the home C. financial while the wife is running the home? D. independent while the wife is dependent 3. Everything is decided in a family ____. A.by the coupleB. with the help of their parents C. by brothers and sistersD. with the help of aunts and uncles 4. What is true concerning the book Pride and Prejudice? A. It is the best book on marriage. B. It is a handbook of marriage. C. It gives quite some idea of English social life in the past. D. It provides a lot of information of former?time wealthy families. 5.With regard to marriage in Britain, present-day girls differ from former time girls in ____. A. the right marry B. more parental support C. choosing husbands D. social position? 1.【答案】B。
【解析】此句主要是考察对 elastic 这个单词的理解，elastic 的意思是“有弹性的，可伸 缩的，不是固定不变的”，整句话的意思是“家庭当然不是一个固定不变的概念”，在这一段 的后面也写了不同时期的家庭和婚姻状况，从此可知“family”一词的含义也是不同的。? 2.【答案】C 【解析】从文中可找出关键句 “The man?s first duty...”和“responsible for her financial support”，此句意思是“男人应是女人的财政支柱”，financial 的意思是“财政的， 金融的”。注意“responsible for her...running of the new home”是关键句。? 3.【答案】A 【解析】由第一段最后一句“neither...nor...nor...have any right to interfere with them.”此处的“them”是指夫妻俩，neither...nor...是否定形式，即说……都没有权力干涉 夫妻俩的事情，——他们是自己的主人，故此题的正确答案是 A。? 4.【答案】C 【解析】分析本文第二段可知， 《傲慢与偏见》这本书中讲述了当时的婚姻状况，当时有 钱人之间的婚姻都是由女方父母做主， 并且父母给新婚夫妇一些钱做嫁妆之后就不再管他们 的经济问题，这是当时英国社会生活的一个方面。? 5.【答案】C 【解析】从第二段中开始部分可知过去的女孩的社会地位，从后半部分可知现在的女孩 的社会地位比以前有很大提高， 表现在结婚前就可以自己在经济上独立， 可以自己选择丈夫， 可以不要 dowry(嫁妆)，这些方面都属于社会地位方面。 Passage 2 Except for the Indians, the earliest backpackers in America were frontiersmen, who roamed the wilderness looking either for necessities such as food and wateror for sources of wealth such as fur and gold. For them backpacking was a way of survival or a means of achieving what one day would be called the “American Dream”.Today,however,many people enjoy backpacking as a recreational activity.Shouldering a pack and leaving behind the world of telephone,television and traffic promise an exciting experience.Testing one? stamina (耐力) and skills s are challenging a sense of one? place in the natural world can be s rewarding .Moreover, backpacking is an activity that can last any length for time and can be enjoyed alone or with friends. Then too, a backpacking trip may be organized within a day or two. The backpacker and his friends have only to decide on their destination and then organize the all-important kit, whose contents they must depend on throughout their trip. A map, a compass, a flashlight, along with first equipment, food, and extra clothing can be rounded up without much difficulty. Once the backpackers have left word about where they go in a note on the refrigerator door or in a message on an answering machine, they can look forward to an adventure that will lift the spirit and nourish the soul. Their outing will enable them to return in a short time to the age of technology with the courage and independence of Natty Bumppo, who did indeed belong to the age of the frontier. 6. The passage mainly discusses_________ .? A. the early backpackers B. backpacking as a perfect form of recreation? C. how backpacking started
D. why people of today are interested in backpacking? 7.The earliest backpackers were _____________. ? A. frontiersmenB.IndiansC. fur traders D. gold miners 8. Early backpackers who roamed about in wilderness were interested in finding________ .? A. means to realize the American dream B. recreation in life? C. relief from the stress of everyday life D. daily necessities? 9. One of the advantages of backpacking is that ___________. ? A. it can help people to establish a link with nature? B. it is a group activity and can cure a person? loneliness? s C. it is not so challenging as other activities? D. it does not require people to decide on a destination? 10.According to the passage, Natty Bumppo was____________.? A. an American national hero B. a character in a Hemingway novel? C. a man of valor D. an lndian warrior? 6.【答案】D 【解析】本文开头简要介绍 backpacking 这种运动的起源。但这不是文中主要讨论的 内容。可以看出，文中讨论的重点是 backpacking 作为一种现代娱乐活动为什么会深受许 多人喜爱。D 答案与此意相同，说明了文章的中心议题，是正确答案。? 7.【答案】B 【解析】见原文开头：Except for the Indians,the earliest backpackers in America were frontiersmen… 除了 Indians (印第安人), frontiersmen (未开发的边疆居民)是美 国最早的 backpackers 这说明 Indians 才是美国最早的 backpackers，因此 B 项是正确 选项。 8.【答案】D 【解析】 见原文开头……the earliest backpackers……， who roamed the wilderness looking either for necessities such as food and water or for sources of wealth such as fur and god……。D 项与此意相符，是正确答案。 9.【答案】A 【解析】见它(backpacking)可以帮助人们与自然建立一种联系。这说明在这项活动中， 人是融于自然的， 它在人和自然之间建立了一种直接的联系， 这也正是这项活动的好处所在。 因此 A 答案是正确的。B 它是一种群体活动，可以治疗一个人的孤独感；C 它不像其它活 动一样富有挑战性；D 它不要求人们决定自己的目标。均非文中讨论的内容。 10.【答案】C 【解析】 见见原文最后一句： Their outing will enable them to return in a short time to the age of technology with the courage and independence of Natty Bumppo,who did indeed belong to the age of frontier。C 一个勇敢的人，符合文中的叙述，是正确的 答案。A. 一个美国民族英雄；B. 海明威小说中的主人公；D. 一名印第安士兵。文中均未 提到。? Passage 3 American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution.To them,however,the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral (边缘的). For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose they lost it. Mary Brant was
a powerful influence among the Iroquois.She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs.Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best-known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the Confederacy than he did .She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ.When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands-and retreat to Canada.On the other side,Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation.She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Greeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman”of the tribe.This office made her chief of the women? council and a member of the council of chiefs.She was friendly s with the White settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution.Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.? 11. What is the main point the author makes in the passage? ? A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.? B. At the time of the Revolution, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.? C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.? D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women. 12. According to the passage, Mary Brant? husband had been a _________ .? s A. government official B. Mohawk chief C. revolutionary hero D. Cherokee council member? 13.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong? ? A. Mohawk. B. Iroquois. C. Cherokee. D. Greek.? 14. How did Nancy Ward gain her position of authority? ? A. By bravery in battle. B. By marriage to a chief.? C. By joining the Confederacy. D. By being born into a powerful family.? 15. According to the passage,what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward have in common?? A. Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe. ? B. Each influenced her tribe? role in the American Revolution.? s C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution. ? D. Each went to England after the American Revolution. 11.【答案】C 【解析】这一段的中心意思是：无论美洲印第安人在美国革命战争中支持谁，最终他们都失 去了他们自己的土地。文中举了两个例子来说明这一观点。? 12.【答案】A 【解析】在第五句作者介绍说：Mary Brant 是 Mohawk 整个 Iroquios 部落的首领， 是印第安事务主管 Sir William Johnson 的遗孀。这说明 Mary Brant 的丈夫曾是政府官 员。? 13.【答案】C
【解析】在第九句作者讲到：Nancy Ward 在 Cherokee 民族掌权。这说明她是属 Cherokee 部族。 14.【答案】A 【解析】在第十句讲到：Nancy Ward 在与希腊的交战中作战勇猛，作为对她的女英雄 行为的奖赏，她成了“Beloved Woman” (“受人爱戴的女人”)。这个职位使她成了妇女协会 的头领及首领委员会的一个成员。 由此可知 Nancy Ward 是通过她的勇敢获得她的职位的。 15.【答案】B 【解析】这道题的题意为：Mary Brant 和 Nancy Ward 有何共性。作者举这两个例子 最终要说明的是， 无论印第安人是支持英殖民者还是支持美国， 最终都没有得到应有的待遇。 这两位领袖人物的行为说明她们各自都用自己的行为影响了各自部落在革命战争中的作用。 Passage 4 James Joyce was an Irish novelist who revolutionized the methods of depicting characters and developing a plot in modern fiction. His astonishing way of constructing a novel, his frank portrayal of human nature in his books, and his complete command of English have made him one of the outstanding influences on literature in the 20th Century. Many critics judge that he is second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of the English language. Joyce was deeply influenced by Ireland and wrote all his books about Dublin.? When he was in DublinCollege, he studied languages and spent his spare time reading books. He refused to take part in the nationalist movement like his fellow students, but he became passionately interested in literature. He wrote outspoken articles of literary criticism that shocked his teachers and even taught himself Norwegian so that he could read Ibsen? works in the original.? s When he graduated in 1902, he knew he would become a writer and an exile, because he felt he could not be one without the other. In order to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully, and as objectively as he knew how, about the people and places he knew best, he had to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life. He went to France, Italy and Switzerland, where he lived in poverty and obscurity for the first 20 years, only returning to Ireland when his mother was dying. Except for a couple of brief trips, he stayed abroad all his life.? 16. James Joyce was first of all a ___________. ? A. revolutionary B. critic ? C. novelist D. exile? 17. James Joyce was famous for many reasons EXCEPT ___________. ? A. his way of constructing a novel ? B. his frank portrayal of human nature C. his complete command of English D. his passion in literature? 18. “He is second only to Shakespeare” is a comment on his _________. ? A. achievement in literature ? B. achievement in the nationalist movement? C. achievement in his study of languages ? D. mastery of the English language? 19. How many examples are used to show his passion in literature??
A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.? 20. Why did James Joyce stay abroad almost all his life?? A. Because he wanted to live in poverty and obscurity.? B. Because he wanted to write the people and places he knew best.? C. Because he wanted to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life.? D. Because he wanted to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully and objectively about the people and the places he knew best. 16.【答案】C? 【解析】文章第一句就已告诉我们他是一位小说家。? 17.【答案】D? 【解析】他成为二十世纪对文学产生深远影响的人物之一，是由于他的小说的独特构造， 他对人性的率直描写及他对英语的完全掌握，即 A、B、C，只有 D 不是他闻名于世的原因， 因此 D 为正确答案。? 18.【答案】D? 【解析】“in his mastery of the English language”表明范围、方面，即在英语语言的 掌握方面仅次于莎士比亚， 本文没有具体提到他对文学的贡献或他学习的成绩， 他没有参加 民族运动，不可能在这方面有什么贡献，因此 D 为正确答案。? 19.【答案】A? 【解析】第二段提到他沉迷于文学，然后用两个例子进一步说明：他写的非常大胆的文 学评论文章让他的老师大为吃惊，他甚至自学挪威语以便阅读易卜生原著。? 20.【答案】D? 【解析】James Joyce 几乎一生都住在国外是因为他想保护他的写作理想，即真实、完 整、客观地写他最为熟知的人物和地方。 Reading Comprehension 2 Passage 1 At dawn on September 5th, 1972 a band of “Black September” Arab guerrillas broke into the Israeli building in the Olympic village near Munich where 10,000 athletes were staying. Over 250 plain clothes police had been brought into the village, following a tip?off of trouble ahead, but none of them saw the Arabs scale the fence. They burst into the Israeli building with submachine guns blazing at 5:10 am. Some Israeli athletes escaped through the windows and side doors. Nine were taken hostage. The guerrillas demanded the release of 200 Palestinians held in Israeli jails and a safe passage out of Germany. Within hours the Olympic village was surrounded by 13000 police. The Olympic Games were suspended. After some negotiations, the terrorists were told they would be flown with their hostages to an Arab country. They were taken by helicopter to the Furstenfield military airport 25 miles from Munich. Just before midnight the guerrillas and their hostages began to walk across the tarmac to a waiting Boeing 727 aircraft. Suddenly al the airport lights were turned out and German police sharp?shooters opened fire. The rescue attempt failed tragically. In the gun battle all nine hostages were killed, as well as four Arabs and one policeman. Three Arabs were captured and one escaped into the nearby woods. On the 8th,
Israeli planes bombed ten guerilla bases in revenge for Munich massacre. 1. The most possible reason for Israeli athletes being attacked and kidnapped is that ________. A. they had a conflict with the Arab guerrillas B. the Arab guerrillas wanted to save the Palestinians held in Israeli jails C. the German Government hated Israel D. the Arab guerrillas hoped to get a large sum of money 2. When the trouble took place, the Olympic Games _________. A.were completed B.were going on C.were to be finished D.were to take place 3.The terrorists were told that they would be probably sent by air to ____. A.Italy B. India? C. Syria D. Nigera 4.How many Arabs were there as terrorists? A.Seven. B.Eight. ? C.Nine. D.It wasn? mentioned. t 5.What do you think Palestine and Israel would act next? A.They would begin another conflict. B.They would begin to negotiate. C.They would try to improve each other? relation. s D.They would turn to UN. 1.【答案】B。 【解析】先找有关细节，解题的关键在第四句，意为“游击队员要求释放关在以色列监狱 里的 200 多名巴勒斯坦人并安全离开德国”。这样，我们就可以来分析选项了。A 项说“因 为以色列运动员和游击队有冲突。”这是事实，因为文章讲的就是，但这不是原因，故不能 选。再看 B 项“阿拉伯游击队意在营救被关押在以色列监狱中的巴勒斯坦人”，属实，现在看 C、D 项是否更确切。C 项说“德国政府憎恨以色列人”，风马牛不相及。而 D 项“阿拉伯游 击队想要一大笔钱”，显然也不是他们的目的。现在就可确定 B 为正确答案无疑。 2.【答案】B。 【解析】根据第七句可知，奥运会赛事被中止。这不正意味着当时奥运会正在进行吗? 这样，我们就可以来对选项进行取舍了。A 项“结束了”，显然不对。C 项“即将结束”虽然也 有正在进行之意，但概括得又太具体，所以也不能选。而 D 项“即将发生”，更不对。这样 就只剩下 B 项，其意为“正在进行”，正是作者的隐含看法，所以正确无疑。 3.【答案】C。 【解析】根据选项，结合问题，可知选项涉及到国名。再看原文，发现第 10 句是关键 句：恐怖分子被告知飞往某一个阿拉伯国家。特别注意“阿拉伯国家”五个字。好了，现在我 们就可以来分析选项了。去掉不属于阿拉伯国家的选项，就可以得出正确答案。A 项“意大 利”，B 项“印度”，D 项“尼日利亚”，都不属于阿拉伯国家。这样就只剩下 C 项，而“叙利亚” 正好属于阿拉伯国家。从此题的选择过程中，我们可以体会到，多掌握一些英语背景知识如 地理的、文化的、历史的等等，对提高学习成绩很有帮助。 4.【答案】B。 【解析】此题涉及到数字，要考虑到有可能进行简单计算。先找有关细节。根据倒数第 三句和第二句可以知道：(在警察实施营救时) 4 个阿拉伯人被击毙，3 个被捕，1 个逃跑， 所以有 4+3+1=8 个。这样就可以一目了然地找到正确答案为 B。D 为干扰性较强的选项。 注意在解答此类题时不要遗漏数字。 5.【答案】A。
【解析】解答此题应具有一定的逻辑推理能力。通读全文，可知阿拉伯国家 (以巴勒斯 坦为代表)与以色列关系紧张。 项说“他们将可能挑起另一次冲突”， A 与们的分析及作者的暗 示相吻合。再看还有没有更合适的选项，B 项说“他们将可能开始谈判”有点可能，但既然以 色列刚报复过，阿拉伯、巴勒斯坦会就此罢休吗?所以与 A 相比，应排除。再看 C 项“他们 将尽量改善彼此的关系”也不合事实。而 D 项“他们将诉诸于联合国”，可能性也不大。所以 可断定 A 为正确答案无疑。? Passage 2 Of the tens of thousands of ships on the ocean bottom, only a handful,less than1 percent,contain negotiable treasure, such as gold and jewels.Most give us a different,priceless treasure --- history. A sunken ship lies in trust, preserved in the airless environment of the sea, and those in deep water are especially well protected.No dry land sites anywhere --- except perhaps Egyptian tombs --- are in a better state of preservation than a vessel deep in the ocean. A sunken ship, therefore, can be a rare window through which a moment in time is glimpsed.? This is not to imply that sunken ships are always found intact.Most ships break up on the way down, hit the bottom at about 100 miles per hour, and become a chaotic, confusing jumble (混乱的一堆). I recall the chagrin (懊恼) of a novice diver who , after surfacing from an underwater tour of a 400-foot ship, asked his diving buddy.“Where was the wreck?” It takes experience to actually know sunken ship when one sees it. But no matter what its condition on the way down, a ship deteriorates much more slowly as it sinks deeper into protective layer of sand and mud. Ancient vessels have been found in remarkably good condition.In 1997 a group of marine archaeologists excavating ( 发 掘 ) a 900-year-old wreck recovered engraved glassware, Greek coins, bronze kettles, and amazingly, Greek jars containing seeds, almonds, and lentile --- even a plate with chicken bones.? 6. Which of the following is meant by the “priceless treasure” metioned in line 2? A.Valuable information. B.Ancient coins. C.Precious stones. D. Old books.? 7.The author compares a sunken ship preserved in the deep sea to which of the following? A. A tomb in Egypt. B. A Greek jar. C. A vacuum. D. A bronze chest.? 8. According to the passage,which of the following usually happens to a ship as it sinks?? A. It remains in an upright position. B. It gets transported by the currents.? C. It breaks into pieces. D. It attracts marine life.? 9. Which of the following objects found on the 900-year-old wreck most surprised the author? A.Money. B. Jars. C. Chicken bones. D. Glassware.? 10.Which of the following features of an ancient ship is of most interest to the author? A. Speed. B. Contents. C. Location. D. Design.? ? 6.【答案】A.
【解析】从上下文可知；在众多的沉船中，仅有不到 1%的船里有如金子和首饰类的可 流通的财物，大部分沉船给我们的是另一种珍贵的宝物——历史。这说明，“珍贵的宝物” 在此指的是历史，即这些沉船告诉我们一些有关不同时代的信息。? 7.【答案】A 【解析】在第一段第四句讲到：也许除了埃及的古墓之外，陆地上没有哪个地方比深海 能更好地保护船只了。由这句话可知：作者把保护在深海里的沉船比作埃及的古墓。 8.【答案】C 【解析】在第二段第二句讲到：大部分船在下沉过程中破碎。? 9.【答案】C 【解析】在最后一句中作者介绍说：1977 年，一组海洋考古学者发掘了一只有 900 年 历史的沉船，复原了雕刻的玻璃器，希腊硬币，铜壶，更令人吃惊的是希腊的装有种子、杏 仁、小扁豆的罐，甚至一只盛有鸡骨头的盘子。这说明，最令作者吃惊的是鸡骨头。? 10.【答案】B 【解析】在最后一段及第一段作者分别谈到的是船内的东西。这说明作者最感兴趣的是 古船装载的东西。? Passage 3 In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men? lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who s gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility ( 敏 感 度 ) to colds and influenza. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. 11. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____ A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion C. want of some essential substances D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits 12. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by ____. A. got rid of B. killed C. avoided D. cleared away
13. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it? better for us ____. s A. not to eat much salted meat B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables D. to develop a good dietary habit 14. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____. A. vitamin pills are of no avail B. nutritious food might be unhealthy C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy D. religious fasting may help out a lot 15. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage? A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases. B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body. C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people? health. s D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us. 11.【答案】C。 【解析】对于 scurvy(败血症)整个第一段都在介绍其情况，是什么引起它的呢?这就要求 读者对这一段的各细节都准确理解， 文中很明确地提到败血症是由于水手的饮食中缺少一些 东西而引起的， 而败血症又可通过吃新鲜蔬果而避免， 这是否意味着败血症是由于缺少新鲜 蔬果而引起的呢?从字面看，似乎是正确的，有的读者会选 D 项，但我们仔细理解每一选项 及原文，新鲜蔬果为什么能避免败血症，当然是由于其中含有丰富的维生素，从下文主要讲 述的对象——维生素来看，我们也可猜到，真正引起败血症的是缺乏蔬果中的维生素，所以 C 项者是最准确的。 12.【答案】C。 【解析】用一个词或短语代替另一个词或短语，也是对词义的考查，通常可以从上下文 来推断，既然败血症的产生原因已被查明，那么通过提供新鲜蔬果败血症当然能被“避免”。 A 项的除掉显然不正确， 因为防治败血症可以通过多吃蔬果，但要除掉一种病症却不是那么 简单的事。B 项“杀死”，这与 A 项意思基本相似，也是不正确的。C 项“避免”这与原文相符。 D 项“清除”这也与 A、B 两项相近，是不正确的。 13.【答案】D。 【解析】如何避免败血症的方法，文中已提到，可通过多吃新鲜蔬果的方法，正如第一 题一样，透过表面文字新鲜蔬果的真正意义是什么?当然是指水手们单一的腌肉饮食太不合 理，要补充蔬果以增加维生素，也就是说需要合理的饮食习惯，这样在仔细理解原文和选项 后，我们不难发现 D 项是最合适的答案。 14.【答案】B。 【解析】这一题需要我们对全文都理解后才能得出答案，如果我们的食物摄取不够广泛 会如何?A 项“维生素丸没有用”，而文中未曾提到维生素丸的作用，而根据常识服食维生素 丸是可以补充暂时的维生素不足的，因此 A 不正确。?B 项“有营养的食物也可能是不健康 的”，正如文中提到的腌肉，虽然腌肉也有营养，但只吃咸肉而没有足够的维生素，水手们 依然患了败血症，第二段第一句也表达了此意，因此 B 项是正确的。?C 项“蔬菜叶子可以 作为一味好药”，如果食物摄取不广泛，蔬菜叶子并不能作万能的药，在文中它只适合于败
血症的治疗，所以 C 项不准确。?D 项“宗教式的斋戒会很有帮助”，而文中提到，在进行 斋戒时需要特别补充某些缺乏的维生素，所以 D 项不正确。 15.【答案】C。 【解析】这一题是读者对全文中心的理解，文章以败血症开篇引出维生素的重要性，末 尾也提到了维生素的摄取途径， 而这些都是为了突出维生素的重要性服务的。 因此这篇文章 的中心在于讲述维生素的重要性，所以应选 C 项。? ? Passage 4 The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word (rare—rarely, rarefy), and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupat words use only occasionally by scientists and specia foreign words borrowed for use in E or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing. Professor Seashore concluded that first?graders enter school with at least 2,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller. You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them. 16. In the author? estimation, there are ____ words in English. s A. more than half a million B. at least 24,000 C. at least 80,000 D. more than a million 17. The word “obsolete” most probably means ____. A. no longer in use B. profound C. colorful or amusing D. common 18. One? recognition vocabulary is ____. s A. less often used than his active vocabulary B. smaller than his active vocabulary C. as large as his active vocabulary D. much larger than his active vocabulary 19. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active
vocabulary by ____. A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionary B. everyday spending half an hour study the dictionary C. consciously using the words you recognize in reading D. trying to use the words you recognize 20. From this passage we learn that ____. A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use of B. “schoolroom” is used in the passage as an example of a specialized term C. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active word D. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them 16.【答案】D。 【解析】在第一段中明确写道：保守估计，在听说读写各方面可能会遇到的英语单词超 过一百万个。从这一句我们可以看出 D 项“一百万多个”是正确的。A 项不正确，而 B 项是 指高中毕业生的词汇量，C 项是指一年级学生的词汇量。 17.【答案】A。 【解析】对这一题我们可以通过上下文的意思来判断，文中写道 obsolete words 是用 来帮助我们阅读古代文学的，由此我们可推断出，obsolete words 是用于古代文学中的， 即老式词，所以 A 项“不再使用的”与原文相近，B、C、D 都不正确。 18.【答案】D。 【解析】在第二段末尾，明确提到 recognition vocabulary(认识词汇)是用于读或听的 词汇，active vocabulary(会用的词汇)是说和写时用的词汇，后者比前者小得多，即会用 的词汇小于认识的词汇，这样不难看出 D 项是正确的，而 A 项“比会用的词汇用得少”，这 在原文中未曾提及，B、C 两项与原文意思不符。 19.【答案】B。 【解析】这一题要求我们对原文充分理解后，结合排除法来做。文中第三段讨论了这个 问题，我们可以在其中发现 A 项：把你需要用的词列成一张单子，然后在字典中查出生词 的涵义，C 项：有意识地多用你在阅读中认识的新词，D 项：尝试使用你认识的词。在排除 以上三项之后只有 B 项，每天读半小时的字典符合题意。 20.【答案】C。 【解析】这一题要求对全文通篇有所理解后才能决定出答案，并且这种题无法从文中找 到一个可用判断的确切依据，须用排除法结合大意来做。A 项认为“字典完全包括我们所用 的词汇”，而原文中提到字典并不企图完全包含我们所用的词汇”，因此 A 是不正确的。B 项 认为“schoolroom 在本文中用于说明特定术语”， 而文中提到 schoolroom 时是作为复合词 的例证，因此 B 是不正确的。C 项认为“一旦你知道一个词如何发音且代表什么，你就掌握 了这一单词”，这与原文中的“一旦你知道一个词如何发音且代表着什么，你就能安全地运用 它”的意思相符，所以 C 项是正确的。 Reading Comprehension 3 Passage 1 According to the dictionary definition of “create”, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist”—something each of us does daily.
We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sese to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun,” the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph. A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new
to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day to day activities. 1.Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage? A.To prepare a meal. B.To arrange the furniture in a peculiar way. C.To buy some books from a bookstore. D.To “write” a letter with the computer. 2.The author holds that ____. A.creativity is of highly demand B.creativity is connected with a deep insight to some extent C.creativity is to create something new and concrete D.to practise and practise is the only way to cultivate one? creativity s 3.“There is nothing new under the sun.” (Par.3) really implies that ____. A.we can seldom create new things B.a new thing is only a tale C.a new thing can only be created at the basis of original things D.we can scarcely see really new things in the world 4.What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice? A.It? more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice. s B.To find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing. C.One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice. D.A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor. 5.The best title for this passage is ____. A.How to Cultivate One? Creativity s B.What is Creativity C.The Importance of Creativity D.Creativity—a Not Farway Thing 1.【答案】C。 【解析】本题可用排除法。根据第一段可知创造力的含义是“使事物产生”，“致使事物存
在”。这样就可得出结论，A、B、D 项不能选，C 为正确答案。 2.【答案】B。 【解析】主旨大意。选项 B 意为“创造力在一定程度上取决于非凡的洞察力。”根据最后 一段，可知这是一种“天赋”，故正确。 3.【答案】C。 【解析】此题可在正确理解句子含义的基础上采取“排除法”来解答。根据上下文可以得 知：此句的真正含义是“任何新事物的产生都是建立在原有事物基础之上的”。据此，这样就 可确定 C 项为正确答案无疑。 4.【答案】C。 【解析】先找有关细节。此问题涉及到对文章第三段最后一句的理解。这样就可确定 C 为正确答案无疑。 5.【答案】B。 【解析】首先快速通读全文(注意主题句)，可知文章主要谈论的是“创造力的含义及其三 个方面的表现”，整篇文章都是围绕创造力展开的。这样就可确定，B 项为正确答案。 Passage 2 In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce. A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children? emotional and s psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent? own personal interests. s Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are. 本新闻共 6 页,当前 6. In the past, American families tended to be ____. A. quite small B. medium sized C. quite large D. small 7. To parents who take the responsibility for children? sexpenses, the cost of living increases because ____. A. children attend school for more years B. children are better dressed C. children spend more money on entertainment
D. all of the above 8. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents? A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn? pay much attention t to children. B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children. C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself. D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children. 9. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may ____. A. become worse B. remain the same C. get better D. keep unchanged 10. The title of the article might be ____. A. American Children B. American Families C. American Mother D. American Parents 6.【答案】C。 【解析】本文第一句话说明了过去美国家庭规模很大。 7.【答案】D。 【解析】回答此题要全面,仔细读文章不难发现,A.孩子们读书时间延长；B.孩子们穿着 越来越好；C.孩子们花更多的钱在娱乐上。文中说是造成生活消费增长的原因,因此要选 D。 8.【答案】D。 【解析】这题可用排除法做。本题问破裂的家庭会给孩子和家长带来什么困难。文中清 楚说明孩子们不安定,因为要往来于父母之中, 孩子们的单亲父母得花更多的时间关心他们 的心理、情绪,除了经济负担外, 以致他们没时间去满足自己的兴趣。A 父母不管孩子;B 孩 子觉得自由; C 父母忙于挣钱养活自己,这三项均与文章意见不符, 应排除掉,故选 D。 9.【答案】C。 【解析】在文章最后作者指出有迹象表明情况好转,诸如离婚率降低,出生率上升。也许美 国人已认识到家庭生活的重要性， 我们可以体会到作者对未来美国家庭生活情形是持乐观态 度的,所以选 C“变好”。 10.【答案】B。 【解析】纵观全篇,A.美国儿童;C.美国母亲;D.美国父母, 三项均在文中提到过,但只是一 个部分,都是 B(美国家庭) 这个主题下的各个分支。而且文章主要还是讲述美国家庭生活的 种种,故 B 正确。? Passage 3 Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to plow. But that was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over. Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use. At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work
and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches for more sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isn? just a matter t of population growth. Our modern technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we ne cars must have highways and parking lots, and jets must have airports. Each of these land uses swallows up precious space.Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl --- the spreading out of cities --- is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But there is only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. A forest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife. It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection. 11. “…the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around ” means that ______. ? A. the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk around ? B. the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyone ? C. the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents?needs ? D. the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to 12. The sentence of “Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over” suggests that _____. ? A. the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys, too ? B. the rivers could be damed later ? C. rural valleys would be considered in the future ? D. people needn? think of the rivers and valleys t 13. “Now the land has been spoken for, …” tells us that _______. ? A. today, land has shown its values ? B. now, people have said something about land ? C. nowadays, land has been claimed by human beings ? D. recently, people spoke for the land 14. The phrase of “swallows up” informed us that _______. ? A. these usages of land have good results ? B. these lands must be used totally ? C. the precious space was taken completely ? D. the precious space were eaten up 15. The word “sprawl” indicates that ______. ? A. cities are developing very fast to meet the people? demands s ? B. urban areas are diminishing smoothly ? C. urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned way D. cities are spreading out without any plans 11.【答案】B。 【解析】句中关键词组“go around” 意为“be enough for everyone”，而不是“ walk around” 的意思，所以选 B。 12.答案 A。
【解析】这实际上是由两个名词短语 plenty of rivers 和 plenty of rural valleys 组成， “ to dam”和“left over”分别是动词不定式和过去分词短语修饰前面的两个词组，这里所表 达的意思是美国还有很多河流可以在其上筑坝还剩下有许多峡谷可以利用。 13.【答案】C。 【解析】句中词组“ speak for sth.”常用于被动语态，意思是“get the right to sth. reserve”，另外，根据上下文，运用排除法，可以确定选 C。 14.【答案】C。 【解析】词组“ swallow up”意思是“ cause to disappear”。 15.【答案】D。 【解析】“ sprawl”意思是“spread out ungracefully over a wide area”。所以这个词 在此表明城市扩张没有规划好。 Passage 4 He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man”. Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs. The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.? Socrates method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word. Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily. Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.? 16. In the first paragraph, the word “yet” is used to introduce____.? A. contrast B. a sequence ? C. emphasis D.an example? 17. Scorates was condemned to death because he ____.? A. believed in law? B. was a philosopher? C. published radical philosophical articles?D. advocated original opinions 18. The word “unsurpassed” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.? A. untold B. unequalled? C. unnoticed D. unexpected? 19. By mentioning that Socrates himself never wrote anything, the writer implies that ____.? A. it was surprising that Socrates was so famous? B. Socrates was not so learned as he is reputed to have been? C. Socrates used the work of his students in teaching?
D. the authorities refused to publish Socrates?works? 20. Socates accepted the death penalty to show ____.? A. his belief in his studentsB. his contempt for conservatives? C. his recognition of the legal system?D. that he was not afraid of death? 16.【答案】A? 【解析】yet 前面一句说苏格拉底被他的学生柏拉图称作最好、最公正和最智慧的人，后 一句说苏格拉底因为信仰异教和腐蚀青年而被判有罪， 两个句子句意截然相反， 所以 yet 表 示转折。? 17.【答案】D? 【解析】 文中第一段最后一句话“Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.”表明苏格拉底因为他的思想而被判死刑，所以正确答案是 D） 。 18.【答案】B? 【解析】根据上下文可以得知苏格拉底的影响很大，所以 unsurpassed influence 应该 是巨大影响，四个答案中只有 unequalled 最接近，意思是无比的。? 194.【答案】A? 【解析】见第三段最后一句话“Yet,for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.”，尽管苏格拉底名声和影响很大，但他却从未出版过任何著作，所以 A）是正确答案。 20.【答案】D? 【解析】文中最后一段提到“But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence.”，作为法律制度的坚定拥护者，苏格拉 底提出应该服从死刑判决。因此，正确答案是 D。? Reading Comprehension 4 Passage 1 Friedrich Dobl, a Yugoslav working in Germany, was fed up with traffic jams. At long weekends and holiday times when he wanted to get him quickly he always found himself behind hundreds of other cars moving slowly along the notorious foreign workers? route through Germany and Austria. How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way. Going home from work one night he passed a garage. And there in front of him was the answer to his problem. An old ambulance was for sale. The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive. He bought the ambulance and opened up for himself a dream world of motoring. It began early in the morning, all his luggage in the back of the ambulance and motorway in Germany looking reasonably clear. Soon, as always, a long line of traffic appeared ahead. He switched on the flashing light and set off the siren. Cars swiftly slowed and pulled off the fast lane. Other cars stopped and drivers waved him ahead to an open road all his own. In record time he crossed the border into Austria. The big bluff was working. Police even waved him through the confusion caused by an accident. But then the Yugoslav made his beg mistake. Until then he had only stopped for petrol. Now he was driving past a real accident, lights flashing, too late to realize that it was not another traffic jam as he assumed. They stopped him, and after hearing the story of his ride across two countries fined him 12.5 pounds.?
1. At long weekends and holidays Friedrich Dobl used to____ .? A. drive home in Germany? B. meet other foreign workers? C. get caught in terrible traffic jams? D. get to the place where he worked by a special quick route? 2. Why did he decide to buy the ambulance?? A. Because he had always wanted one.? B. Because he wanted to resell it at a higher price.? C. Because he liked the siren and the flashing light.? D. Because he knew that other traffic would get clear of the way for an ambulance.? 3. The red cross had been removed ____.? A. but he soon put up a new one? B. but the siren and the flashing light still worked? C. so he asked the garage to paint another one on? D. because the vehicle did not look like an ambulance any more? 4. When the police stopped him, ____.? A. he was driving dangerously? B. he had just driven straight past an accident? C. they found 12.5 pounds in his pocket? D. they told him they had followed him all the way? 5. Which of the followings might be the best title for the passage?? A. How to Drive Quickly.? B. How to Avoid Accidents.? C. A Quick Way Home? By An Ambulance.?D. A Safe Way Home? Non-Stop. 1.【答案】C? 【解析】从本文第一段可以得知，在德国工作的南斯拉夫人 Friedrich Dobl 每个周末和 放假都会回家，他在穿过德国和奥地利回国的路上受够了交通堵塞。由此可见答案 A）回德 国的家 B）跟其他外国工人见面 D）由一条捷径去工作的地方与原文不符，只有答案 C）正 确。? 2.【答案】D? 【解析】 文中第二段开头提到“How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way.”，意思是对 警察和急救人员来说就太简单了，一个警示灯和一个警报器，然后象魔术一样，所有的人都 给你让路。由此可见，答案 D）是正确答案。? 3.【答案】B? 【解析】 见文中第二段， “The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive.”，警示灯和警报器都还在，试了试，警示灯很亮，警报器很响， 所以正确答案是 B。? 4.【答案】B? 【解析】 见原文最后一段， “Now he was driving past a real accident, ... They stopped him”，他开车经过一个真正的车祸现场，他们让他停下，由此可推断出正确答案是 B。? 5.【答案】C? 【解析】详见内容概要，文章主要是关于一个外国工人为了躲过交通堵塞快点到家而买
辆救护车来开的故事，所以答案 C）最合适。答案 A）如何开快车 B）如何避免交通事故 D） 如何安全回家？——不要停！都跟本文大意不符。? Passage 2 Some researchers claim that people? personalities can be classified by their s blood types.?If you have blood type O, you are a leader. When you see something you want, you strive to achieve your goal. You are passionate, loyal, and self-confident, and you are often a trendsetter. Your enthusiasm for projects and goals spreads to others who happily follow your lead. When you want something, you may be ruthless about getting it or blind to how your actions affect others. Another blood type, A, is a social, “people” person. You like people and work well with them. You are sensitive, patient, compassionate, and affectionate. You are a good peacekeeper because you want everybody to be happy. In a team situation, you resolve conflicts and keep things on a smooth course. Sometimes type As are stubborn and find it different to relax. They may also find it uncomfortable to do things alone.? People with type B blood are usually individualists who like to do things on their own. You may be creative and adaptable, and you usually say exactly what you mean. Also you can adapt to situations, you may not choose to do so because of your strong independent streak. You may prefer working on your own to being part of a team. The final blood type is type AB. If you have AB blood, you are a natural entertainer. You draw people to your because of your charm and easygoing nature. ABs are usually calm and controlled, tactful and fair. On the downside, though, they may take too long to make decisions. And they may procrastinate, putting off tasks until the last minute.? 6. The passage is written by means of ____.? A. enumeration B. process analysis? C. classification D. examplification? 7. People with type O will do the following things except____.? A. direct a board B. burn the night? oil? s C. be considerate D. self-oriented? 8. Which of the following is not the feature of type A?? A. Stubborn. B. Sensitive.? C. Reserved. D. Patient.? 9. What is Not true to type B?? A. He likes to work by himself.? B. He doesn? think much before he speaks.? t C. He has many original ideas.? D. He cannot fit in with the environment.? 10. The best profession for a type AB is ____.? A. Musician B. Peacekeeper?C. Actor D. Spokesman 6.【答案】C? 【解析】本文按照血型分别谈论人的性格，这种写作方法叫分类。? 7.【答案】C? 【解析】原文谈到 O 型血的人作领导，会尽力做好想做的事情，又十分自信。但不太在 意别人的感受。因而答案选 C。? 8.【答案】C?
【解析】原文第三段有相关信息。? 9.【答案】D? 【解析】原文第四段说明 B 型血的人是有适应性并能够适应环境的。 ? 10.【答案】C? 【解析】本文最后一段提及 AB 血型的人是天生的演艺人员。因而答案选 C。? Passage 3 Before the 1870? trained nurses were virtually unknown in the United States, s, Hospital nursing was an unskilled occupation taken up by women of the lower classes, some of whom were conscripted from the penitentiary or the almshouse. The movement for reform originated not with doctors, but among upper-class women, who had taken on the role of guardians of a new hygienic order. Though some doctors approved of the women? desire to establish a nurses training school, s which would attract the daughters of the middle class, other medical men were opposed. Plainly threatened by the prospect, they objected that educated nurses would not do as they were told-a remarkable comment on the status anxieties of nineteenth-century physicians. But the women reformers did not depend on the physicians?approval: When resisted, as they were at Bellevue in efforts to install trained nurses on the maternity wards, they went over the heads of the doctors to men of their own class of greater power and authority. (Florence Nightingale, who had friends high in the English government, had followed exactly the same course in reforming beer country? military hospitals.) Professional nursing, in short, s emerged neither from medical discoveries nor from a program of hospital reform ini outsiders saw the need first.209 11. Which of the following the best title for the passage? A. Public Hygiene in the United States B. Florence Nightingale: A Nurse? Story s C. The Fight for Nursing Education in the United States D. Health Care in Upper and Lower-Class Neighborhoods 12. Accordi