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英语翻译The account is now in debt balance of 3472.76 USD of which 2884.95 USD is now overdue._作业帮
英语翻译The account is now in debt balance of 3472.76 USD of which 2884.95 USD is now overdue.
这账户现在欠账3472.76美元,其中2884.95美元已到期.
该账户当前有一笔3472.76美元的欠款，其中有2884.95美元已经过期（意思应该是上次未交的部分）
该帐户现在的3472.76美元的债务，其中2884.95美元，现在是逾期未付款项。
您可能关注的推广英语翻译V3 Bluetooth OLED headset BTH-8 is innovation at your fingertips.Pack with some of the familiar functions that you normally get from your mobile phone.Get quick access to caller ID,enjoy easy redial in a flash and best of all,you could browse your phone book and make _作业帮
英语翻译V3 Bluetooth OLED headset BTH-8 is innovation at your fingertips.Pack with some of the familiar functions that you normally get from your mobile phone.Get quick access to caller ID,enjoy easy redial in a flash and best of all,you could browse your phone book and make calls directly from V3 BTH-8.Possibly the most Technologically Advanced Bluetooth pact and modern,V3 BTH-15 is the smallest and the lightest in its class.Another design breakthrough for V3 Bluetooth Headset.Everything you need in a Buetooth headset,BTH-15 has surpassed the norm.It is designed and build so solidly,all you need to do is just pair up with you favourite bluetooth mobile phone and you are on the go.With longer talk time and unequalled sound quality,it is a weightless technological mini-wonder you can wear with comfort anywhere.
V3 蓝牙耳机（带显示器的）BTH-8 是为方便快捷而诞生的创新设计.加入一些经常被使用的手机功能. 快速显示来电号码,享受方便快捷的重播功能,你可以用你的手机里的电话薄查询号码,然后直接使用V3 BTH-8进行拨号.它是能在城镇里使用的最新高科技的蓝牙.设计坚固,美观且现代化,V3 BTH－15 是在同类产品中最小,最轻盈的一种,并具有另一种突破性设计. BTH-15蓝牙耳机的功能超过了所有你能在其它普通蓝牙耳机里使用的功能,且只需要配上一部有蓝牙功能的手机,你就可以开始使用了.支持更长的通话时间,具有前所未有的声音质量,它是一个轻与鸿毛且能随意佩戴的微型技术奇迹.
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英语翻译成汉语的技巧
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IntroductionInversion, as one of the translation techniques, means thenecessary or even inevitable change of word order in a sentenceaccording to the convention of the language to be translated into.It is something different from the one in a grammatical sense whereinversion means that the order of the subject and the predicate ischanged. Here, inversion refers to the process of translation inwhich the word order of a sentence in the source language ischanged or inverted in the target language. Eg: He is not happy,though he is rich. 他虽富有，但不幸福。It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone the visit whichI had intended to pay to China inJanuary.我原打算在一月访问中国，后来又不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望. This “change of word order”is necessary because, first of all, each language has its own“natural word order” and its own peculiasecondly, “inversion”, as a stylistic device, is often used foremphasis. Thirdly, in one sentence the words having different ordermay cause different meaning. Last but not least, the conscientioustranslator or interpreter has to keep in mind that “word order” iscapable detriment to the interests of the original speaker orauthor. Eg: in Chinese, “我晒太阳。”and “太阳晒我。”The two sentences havedifferent meanings, so does in English. Eg: A:“Speech by theChinese Representative at the U.N.6th Committee on the Conventionagainst the Taking of Hostages.” In Chinese, itmeans“中国代表在联合国六委关于反对劫持人质公约的发言。”However, if we change the word orderof the English sentence like this: “Speech by the ChineseRepresentative on the Convention against the Taking of Hostages atthe U.N. committee it could mean that the incident of the Taking ofHostages occurred at the 6th Committee, or that the Convention israther a limited one, only opposing the Taking of hostages at the6th! Or if the word order is changed like this: “Speech onConvention against the Taking of Hostages by Chinese Representativeat the U.N. 6th Committee" it could mean that the "Convention" isdirected against the Chinese Representative who has taken somebodyas "hostage" and that the incident occurred at the U.N. 6thCommittee! . Hence, word order is essential in the process oforganizing sentences. “Though inversion belongs to the formalthing, if we didn’t deal with& the specific‘change of word order’ well the expression_r of original meaning orcontent would be affected, which is the counteraction of form tocontent.” Only if we know the rules of inversion well can weorganize the order of words elastically and make the versionfaithful, smooth and graceful.Contrasting and analyzing the similarities and differences of wordorder between English and Chinese.Before our discussion on rules of “inversion”, let us deal with the“natural order”. “The important point to note in this connection isthe fact that the ‘natural order’ of words in sentence constructionvaries from language to language.” In other words, what is regardas quitenatural in word order in one language may seem to be veryawkward or even unacceptable in another language.1. Natural order in Address, Designation, Etc.As is known to us all, “外交部礼宾司的李同志”is the natural order in Chinese.However, in English the same address reads: Comrade Li, ProtocolDepartment, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The former puts theofficial positions from high to low before the person. The latterusually puts the person before the official position from low tohigh. Similarly, “巴基斯坦陆军第六师第一旅穆罕默得-汗少将”. is the natural order ofaddressing the Major-General in Chinese. When in English, thisshould read: Major-General Mohammed Khan, The First Bridge, TheSixth Division, in the Pakistan Army.2. Natural order of AdverbialsIf there are adverbials of time, manner and place in a sentence,normally we in Chinese tend to place the adverbial of time first,to be followed by that of place and, finally, that of manner. Thenatural order of a series of adverbials in English is: (a) usuallythe adverbial of manner immediately follows the main verb, (b) nextcomes the adverbial of place and (c) finally comes the adverbial oftime. This rule is referred to as “M-P-T”, for short. For instance,“1942年11月，苏联红军在斯大林格勒狠狠地打败了德国法西斯的侵略军。” In English, the natural orderin this sentence reads: “The Soviet Red Army dealt a crushing blowto and defeated the aggressor troops of the German fascists atStalingrad in November, 1942.” Similarly, the sentence “Best workedin the 1920s on the narrow-gauge line between Pittsburgh and thelumber and mining hill towns of northwest Pennsylvama.” Can bereadily translated into:“19世纪20年代，贝斯特在匹兹堡和宾西法尼亚洲的林木场和矿山镇之间的狭轨道上工作。”3. Natural order of subject and predicate.The subject and the Predicate are the main components in asentence. The subject is put before the predicate, which is thenormal word order in English. In Chinese it is the same as that inEnglish. The basic sentence pattern is “subject +predicate+others”. For example, “The football match became very exciting.”In Chinese, 这场足球赛变得十分紧张。4. Natural order of inverse sentenceIn a English sentence, for the sake of inversion of particulargrammar construction or the emphasis of predicate, the predicate isput before the subject. We call this kind of sentence invertedsentence. Inverted sentences have tow types: one is partialinversion. The other is& complete inversion. Thebasic sentence model of the former is: “auxiliary predicate+subject +predicate +others”. The latter is: “Predicate +subject+others”. However, in Chinese when we express this kind ofsentences we should use the normal word order. For example, “ Howlong can the diver stay under water?”潜水员能够在水下停留多久呢？5. Natural order of the object in the sentence.The object is one of the minor components in the sentence, whichcan be the objects of verbs, prepositions. So the position of theobjects is flexible which can be put at the beginning, in themiddle or at end of the sentence. Yet, in Chinese the object isusually put after the verb or the preposition. Only when the objectis emphasized do we put the object before the verb or thepreposition. However, in the normal word order whether in Englishor in Chinese, the object is often put after the verb or thepreposition. Eg: “We want to sail through outerspace.”我们要遨游太空。6. Natural order of the double objects and the complexobjectsIn English there is one kind of verb, which has two objects. One the other is the indirect object. We call thiskind of verb dative verbs, such as: give, show, teach, offer,return and so on. In Chinese there is also such kind of objects. InEnglish, there are tow kinds of order: one is “subject +predicate+indirect object +direct object”, the other is “subject +predicate+direct object +to +indirect object”. In Chinese there are also twotypes of sentence pattern: one is “subject +predicate+(preposition)+indirect object +direct object”. The other one is “subject+preposition +direct object +predicate +(preposition) +indirectobject”. Eg: Bob told John the news of man- or, Bobtold the news of man-made satellites to John. InChinese,鲍勃将人造卫星的消息告诉了约翰。或鲍勃告诉了约翰人造卫星的消息。Of course, there may besome special cases that we will be discussed later. The complexobject consists of the object and the complement. The complement isused to explain or supplement the object and is put after theobject. This word order is the same with Chinese. For example: "Heoften mistakes the man for my best friend.”他时常误认为这个人是我最好的朋友。7. Natural order of the attributives in the sentence.In English the attributives is used to embellish the noun orpronoun and can be put before or after them. One noun or pronouncan be embellished by several attributes. When all of theseattributives are put before the noun or pronoun they follow suchrules: the prescribed word +the article +the word which is used todescribe the quality, nature, character and shape +the word thatrefers to the time +the color word +the word that refers to thescope +the word that is used to indicate the material of which theobject is made. In Chinese, all of the attributives can only be putbefore the noun or pronoun. The word order of the attributives isthe same with the word order of these attributives which are putbefore the noun or pronoun in English. Eg: Miss Sedley was acharming young girl.赛德里小姐是一位迷人的年轻姑娘。8. Natural order of exact adverbials in the sentence.In English the adverbial modifiers can be put at begin, in themiddle or at the end of the sentence. According to the meaning ofthem there are adverbial modifier of time, place, reason, purpose,result, prerequisite, concession, manner, extend and paralanguageetc. The word order of these adverbial modifiers in the sentence isdifferent from the word order of these in Chinese. Now let usdiscuss them separately.(1)The adverbial modifier of time can usually be put at the end ofthe sentence, sometimes be put in the middle or at the beginning ofthe sentence. In Chinese it is usually put before the predicate.Eg: The swallows return to England in the spring to nest.春天这些燕子飞回英国筑巢。(2)The adverbial modifier of place is often put at the end of thesentence, sometimes it is also put at the beginning of the sentenceor after the predicate. In Chinese, it is often put before thepredicate or at the begin Sometimes it is putafter the predicate to be used as the complement. Eg: Who issinging in the drawing room? 谁在客厅里唱歌呢？(3)The adverbial modifier of reason is often put at begin or theend of the sentence in English. In Chinese it is usually put at thebeginning of the sentence or before the predicate, because we mustshow the reason first, then to have the result according to theconvention of expression_r in Chinese. Eg: Oranges here grow verywell because of the warm and sunny weather.因为气候温和，阳关充沛，这里的柑橘长得很好。&&& (4) Theadverbial modifier of purpose is usually put at begin or the end ofthe sentence in English, so does in Chinese. Eg: To avoid dryingup, they must absorb through out the day great quantities of water.为了避免干涸，他们每天都要吸入大量的水。The adverbial modifier for paralanguage isusually put at the end of the sentence in English, using a commabefore it to separate. In Chinese it often has the same word order.Eg: His daughter was sitting beside him, holding a large cake inher hand. 他的女儿坐在他旁边，手里拿着一块大蛋糕。(5) The adverbial modifier of result in English is usually put atthe end of the sentence, it can be placed at the beginning of thesentence, too. In Chinese it is often put at the end of thesentence. Eg: To our great joy, we succeeded at last.我们终于成功了，这使得大家都十分高兴。&&& (6) Theadverbial modifier of prerequisite and concession are usually putat begin or the end of the sentence in English. Yet in Chinese theyare often put at the beginning of the sentence or before thepredicate. Eg: You would be a fool to refuse his advice.你若拒绝他的劝告，就是个傻瓜。With all his achievements he remains modest andprudent. 他虽有许多成就，但还是谦虚，谨慎。（7）The adverbial modifiers of manner can be put at begin, in themiddle or at the end of the sentence in English. In Chinese it isusually put at the beginning of the sentence or before thepredicate. Sometimes it can be put after the predicate to emphasizethe manner. Eg: He did his exercises carefully at home yesterday.他昨天在家细心地做练习。(8) The adverbial modifier of end in English can be put before, inthe middle or after the predicate. Sometimes it can also be putbefore the adjective that is embellished. In Chinese in case of theformer, it is often put before the predicate .In the case of thelatter, it has the same order with that in English.Eg: We workentirely in the interests of the people. 们是彻底为人民利益而工作的。There is anexceedingly exciting scene in the story. 在这个故事里有个非常动人的场面。How to deal with inversion in translation&&& Now let uslook at how the rules mentioned above can be applied to thetranslation of the short story “Don’t Get Comfortable” by NatonLeslie:1. Inversion of subject and predicate.(1) When the subject is before the predicate with active voice inEnglish, generally we don’t need to rearrange the word order. Forexample: My father doesn’t say what Doc saidback.我父亲没有说出多克所回的话。(2)In translating an English sentence of inverted word order, weshould use the normal word order in Chinese. For instance: Aren’tyou scared traveling all the way back to Blue Jay Ridge with thatmuch money on you, Doc? 你一路带那么多钱回蓝洁桥难道不担心吗，多克？(3) In the sentence with passive form and “there be + others” weshould translate the subject into the object in Chinese, because inChinese passive voice is much less frequent than in English.. Forinstance: Best had been assigned jurisdiction, lacking any otherpolice, over several mining camps in northwestern Pennsylvania, andwas sent to arrest a miner…贝斯特在宾夕法尼亚洲的西北区管辖好几英里营地，因为这里缺少警察，所以派他去抓一个矿工。(4) In English if the subject indicates the reason or manner of oneaction we can translate it into the relevant adverbial modifier inChinese and put it before the predicate or at the beginning of thesentence. Eg: …as he said, “ death is invisible, while life can beseen.” …正如他所说的“因为是死的，看不到，只有活的才能被看到。”2. Inversion of the object.Generally the object in English can be translated into the relevantobject in Chinese. But there are some special cases in which weneed to rearrange the word order.(1)When in the sentence there is logical subject with passive voiceor the subject is an abstract noun or something with active voicewe can translate the object into the subject according to theconvention of Chinese. Eg: Doc was jumped by three men wearingbandannas…,三个穿着蒙面服的彪雄大汉拦劫了多克。&&& (2) In asentence when the object itself includes the meaning of action wecan translate the object into the predicate. For example: Bestclaimed at the investigation that he couldn’t tell it was Hard RockPete. 贝斯特声称当他询问这个小男孩时，小男孩没说自己是哈代-洛克-彼得。3. Inversion of the double object and the complex object.Usually when we translate the English sentence into Chinese, thedouble object or the complex object need not to be rearranged. Butif the indirect object is put at the begin of the sentence toemphasize it we should put it after the subject or thepredicate.Eg;The boy, a homeless child the railroad workers calledHard Rock Pete,...铁路工人们都叫这个无家可归的男孩为哈代-洛克-彼得。And in the case of acomplex object if the object is too long, and using "it" as theform object and putting the real object after the complement weneed put the object before the complement and omit "it" whentranslating the sentence into Chinese.4.Inversion of the attributives.Generally speaking, we don’t need to rearrange the word order ofthe attributive when translating English sentences into Chinese.However, there are two special cases in which we need to change theword order. One is: When the attributive is put after the noun orpronoun that it modifies we should put it before the noun orpronoun. If the attributive is too long, we can translate it into aclause. Eg: Walker would then hold the bets as Jackie’s opponent,usually an older boy of twelve or so, was announced. 当宣布杰克的对手时，常是一个12岁左右的男孩，沃克就下赌注。Farms now part of the Allegheny NationalForest, a mixed old-growth-second-growth wilderness replacing theirhard-won clearings andplantings.这些农场是阿里吉尼亚洲的一部分，阿里吉尼亚洲森林是集原始森林和新生森林于一体的荒地，而不是被开垦得很好田地或林地。Theother is:& when the noun that is embellished istranslated into the predicate in Chinese the attributes should betranslated into the adverbial modifier relevantly. For example: Thedog kept a vigilant guard over the house. 这只狗警惕地守护着这座房子。5．Inversion of the adverbial modifiersThere are various adverbial modifiers both in English and inChinese. Except for the adverbial modifiers of purpose orparalanguage we need not rearrange the word order while translating. Others may need rearrangement. Now let us discuss themseparately.(1)Most of the adverbial modifiers of time or place are put at theend of the sentence. Some of them can also be put in the middle ofor at the beginning of the sentence. While translating we need putthem before the predicate. For instance, My father led the waythrough the woods we hunted north ofBrookville.我们在布鲁克威尔北部打猎，父亲在树林中带路。(2)The adverbial modifier of reason in English can be put at thebeginning or at the end of the sentence. But we often put it beforethe predicate or at the beginning of the sentence when translating.For instance: Sam did not speak much in those last years becausespeech was breath, and each breath was bought with large portionsof his strength.由于山姆说话时喘着粗气，每讲一次话都要耗费他体内一大部分元气，所以在最后那些年里他没说太多的话。（3）The adverbial modifier of result in English is usually put atthe end of the sentence, but sometimes it is also put at thebeginning of the sentence. We need put it at the end of thesentence while translating. For example: Later he would developsevere back problems and would suffer years of pain, caused I’ msure by that jarring fall,… 后来落了一身背痛的毛病，这使我确信那次摔得很惨。（4）The adverbial modifier of prerequisite or concession can be putat the beginning or at the end& Of the sentence inEnglish. While translating we need put them before the predicate orat the beginning of the sentence. For instance, “Imagine”, myfather says when he tells the story, “a five-year-old boy and Iwasn’t even scared,” though I wonder if he says that in tribute tohis na&ve courage or in acknowledge of trusting his father soutterly that fear never occurred to him.虽然我在想那是否是出于父亲那时本身的天真，不知道害怕，还是完全信任祖父的力量而从不知害怕的滋味，“难以想象！”父亲讲到这时惊叹道：“那时才五岁且没受一点伤。”（5）In English the adverbial modifier of the manner can usually beput at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the sentence.When translating we should put it before the predicate or at thebeginning of the sentence, sometimes it is placed after thepredicate to emphasize the manner but the word“得”should be addedbefore it. For instance, Then he’d raise his shirt quickly, andwe’d see the brutish pucker circling his waist.接着他很快掀开了衬衫，我们便看到了他腰部起皱疤的一圈。(6 )The adverbial modifier of extent in English can be put before,in the middle or after the predicate. It can also be put before theadjective. While translating , we often put it before theadjective. For example: My father had never gone in for gimmicks asa hunter…作为一位猎手父亲从不用复杂的工具。…6. Inversion of the word order of the addresses, designations andthe adverbials.The rules of inversion can be consulted the natural order inaddresses, designations and the natural order of adverbials, whichare discussed above.7. Inversion of the independent component.In English sentences there are various independent components, suchas the interjection, exclamation and address. When we translatethem we don't need to rearrange the word order. For example, "Hell,a good shot like you must have hit him,” hesaid.“造孽！像你这样的好射手一定能打中它的。”他说道。ConclusionThrough discussing the natural word order in English and Chinesesentences, the convention of expression_r in English and in Chinese,concerning the rules of inversion in the process of translation, wefind that understanding inversion clearly can avoid the confusionof meaning, to ensure clarity of the version. It would be easierfor us to translate English into Chinese if we master these rules.Appropriate application of these rules would make the version notonly faithful to the original but conforming to the convention ofexpression_r in Chinese.&Bibliography[1] Zhong Xukong 钟叙孔 ，Ying Han Fan Yi Shou Ce 英汉翻译手册 A Handbook OfTranslation,& Beijing 北京: Beijing Shang Wu Chu BanShe 北京商务出版社 Beijing:The commercial& Press,1983[2] Qiao Haiqing 乔海清 ，Fan Yi Xing Lun翻译新论The New Theory ForTranslation, Beijing 北京：Beijing Yu Yan Xue Yuan Chu Ban She北京语言学院出版社 The Beijing Language Institute Press.1983[3] Dan Hanyuan 但汉源，Ying Han Fan Yi Li Lun Yu Ji Qiao 英汉翻译理论与技巧 TheTheories and Techniques of Translation, Changsha 长沙 Zhong Nan GongYe Da Xue Chu Ban She 中南工业大学出版社 The Middle South IndustrialUniversity Press, 1933[4] Huang Zhishun 黄志顺 Ying Yu Ya Xu De Han Yi Dui Bi 英语语序的汉译对比Contrasting The Word Order of Chinese to English, Beijing北京：Beijiang Ke Xue Ji Shu Chu Ban She& BeijingScience and Technology Press, 1992&
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