【图文】字母组合及对应单词-幻灯片_百度文库
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字母组合及对应单词-幻灯片
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你可能喜欢★附：常见的字母与字母组合发音规则
（I）元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则
●元音字母的发音
（一）元音字母a
1.重读开音节 [ei]& pa late ; make ; lake ; face
2.重读闭音节 [æ]& ba fa ca la mass
（*例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]）
3.非重读音节 [?]或[i]&
即：[?]—— a a a a aloud
[i]—— comra villa manager ；
pala private ；necklace
*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属
后一个音节段。如上的ladder,village .
4.在字母w或wh后面 ，发[?]& wa wa wha wa
(*例外：water水[?:])
5.a在诸如-----ath组合里,重读时均发[a:]
即：dance ;France ; chance
&&ask ;mask ;task ;basket
&&&&& class ;grass ;glass ;pass ;——（*例外：mass[æ]）
&&&&& fast ;cast ;past ;last ;mast
&&&&& fathpath ;bath ;——(*例外：maths[æ])
(二)元音字母e
1.重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening
2.重读闭音节 [e] hege sete echo
3.非重读音节 [i] useletickebaskepockebebe
（三）元音字母i或y
1.重读开音节 [ai] Chi try ; my ; hi ; time ; guide ;
2.重读闭音节 [i] si hi i li sy
3.非重读音节 [i] unistudy
(四)元音字母o
1.重读开音节 [?u] no ; so ; go ; home ; pho
2.重读闭音节 [?] no ho bo fo co co
3.非重读音节 [?] purpo concern
4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[?]
son ; mon com ton ; (*例外：Tom[?])
lov dov glov abov another
moth broth becom some
5.两个单词：woman[‘wu-m?n]女人（单数） ; women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）
（五）元音字母u
1.重读开音节 [ju:] pu stu use ; cube
2.重读闭音节 [?]或[u]
&&&&& 即：[?]——cu lu u us
&&&&&&&&& [u]——pu fu pull
4.非重读音节 [?] autuAugu support
●元音字母组合的拼读规则
（一）元音字母a的字母组合
1.ai或ay在重读音节中 [ei] rai trai brai pain
&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay
&& *ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei]
Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday
2.al+绝大多数辅音字母 [?:] smal wal cal tal walk ；chalk
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
或[?: l] al always
&&&&&&&& *al后面是k时，只发[?:]
al+f或m时，al发[a:] hal calm
-al在词尾非重读[（?）l]& medal ;& metal ; (例外canal运河，重音在后[æl])
&&&&&&& 3.-ance在重读时[a: ns] chance ; dance ; France
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 在非重读时[?ns] importance ；performance ；ambulance
&&&&&&& 4.-ant非重读[?nt]& assistant ; important&
&&&&&& &5.-ange一般[eind?] change ; dange strange ;(*但orange [ind?])
&&&&&&& 6.-age 一般[id?] village ; carriage ; marriage
&&&&&&& 7.-ask一般重读时[a: sk] ask ; mask ; task ;basket
&&&&&&& 8.-ass一般重读时[a: s] class ; glass ; grass ; pass ; (*但mass[æ])
&&&&&&& 9.-ast一般重读时[a: st] last ; past ; fast ; cast
&&&&&&&&& -aste一般[eist]& waste ; paste ; taste
&&&&&&& 10.-ath一般[a: θ]
path ; (*但maths[æθ])
或[a: ð] fath rath (*但gather[æð])
&&&&&&& 11.-au一般[?:] cau auAu (*但because[?])
&&&&&&&&& -augh(t) [?: (t)]& caught ; taught ; daughter
&&&&&&&&&&&&&& (*例外：laugh[l a: f])
&&&&&& 12.-aw&
[?:]& draw ; saw ; law ; awful
&&&&&& 13.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[?]
&&&&&&&&&&& wa wa wa wha (*但water[?:])
&&&&&& 14.-ar 重读音时[a:] par car ; far ar yar har star
&&&&&&&&&&&& 在字母w或音[w]后面时 [?:] war ; war wartowar *quarter
&&&&&&&&&&&& 在非重读音时[-?]& beggar ; dollar ; solar
&&&&&& 15.-are一般[-ε?] hare ; bare ; dare ; stare ; rare ; care ; parent
&&&&&& 16.-air一般[-ε?] chair ; fair ; hair ; pair ; stair ; repair
&&&&&& 17.-able 一般[eibl] able ; cable ; table ; stable
& &(二)元音字母e的组合&
&&&&& 1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：
&&&&&&& -ea[i:] tea mea lea tea rea mea plea steal
&&&&&&& -ea[e] threa brea mea read(过去式和过去分词) ; peasant
&&&&&& &-ea[i?] rea really
&&&&&&& -ea[ei] grea break
&&&& 2.-ee[i:] fee wee kee three ; stee stree swee see
&&&&&&& *但是一个例外：coffee[i]
&&&& 3.-eer[i?]&
deer ; pioneer ; engineer ; volunteer
&&&& 4.-er重读音节[?:] her ; ter ser Germany
&&&&&&&&&& 非重读[?]& worker ; paper ; wester teacher
&&&&&&&&&& 特殊读法[a:] clerk
&&&& 5.-ere [i?]& here ; mere
&&&&&& -ere 或者发[ε?]&
there ; where
&&&& 6.-ear 有三种音，分别是：
-ear [i?]& ear ; dear ; near ; clear ; tear (n.) ; beard
-ear [?:]& ear ear lear heard
-ear [a:]& heart
tear作为动词时，发[ε?]
7.-ei [ei]& ei wei weight
-ei [ai]& height
-ei [i:]& receive&
8.-ey重读[ei]& they ; hey ; survey
-ey重读[i:]& key
-ey非重读[i] monkey ; donkey ; valley ; volleyball
*-et非重读[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket
9.-ew 一般[ju:]& new ; few ; knew&
-ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw
-ew还可以发[?u]& sew
10.-ege [id?]& college
11.-est [i s t]
biggest ; modest ; happiest;
12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d]&& lived ; studied
&&&&&&-ed在清音后[t]&& worked ; finished
&&&&&&&-ed在字母t或d后[id]& wanted ; needed&
（三）元音字母i或y的组合
1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:]& fie pie achieve
-ie在词尾[ai]& lie ; die ; tie
2.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)]& high ; night ; light ; bright
3.-ir在重读音节[?:]& gir fir cir fir third
4.-ire在重读音节[‘ai?]& fire ; tire hire ; retire wire
5.-ild [aild]& child ; wild
6.-ind [aind]& find ; kind ; mind &; wind ; (*但window[ind])
7.-ing& [i?] king ; wing ; sing ; doing ; making
8.-(a)tion [(ei) ?n]& nation ; pronunciation ; information ；composition
-stion [t?n] question
-sion& [?n]或[?n]& mission使命 ; precision精密
9.-ye在词尾[ai]& good-bye ; bye-bye
10.-ist[i s t]
list ; fist ;
(四)元音字母o的组合
1.-oa在重音时[?u] boa coa roa goa toad
-oar在重音时[?:] blackboar aboard
2.-oi，-oy在重音时[?i] boi poi joi oil
&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&boy ; toy ; joy ; loyal
3.-oo一般[u:] soo too ; zoo ; roo noo foo moo boo moon
&&&&&&& *单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroom[u]…等等。
在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u] coo loo boo too foo good ；
4.-or在重音时[?:] for ; hor impor mor born
-or在字母w后面[?:] wor wor wor wor worth
(*但是wore ,worn例外，均发[?:])
&&&&&& -or在非重音时[?] monitor ; doctor ; professor ; for
for for conductor
5.-oar一般[?:] boar aboard; blackboard
6.-oor一般[?:]或在美式英语里发[? ?]&
door ; floor
&& -oor 还发[u?] poor
7.-ore在重音时[?:] snore ; more ; before ; fore forest
8.-ou一般[au] shou lou rou found
& -ou还发[?] cou countryside ；trouble
& -ou 还发[u:] wou wounded
9.-ough(t)发[?:( t)] ought ; brought ; bought ; fought ; thought
&&&&&&& (*例外：cough[k ? f])
10.-oe[?u] toe ; hoe ; Joe
11.-old[?u l d] old ; hold ; cold ; told
12.-ost[?u s t] post ; most ; host ; ghost (*例外cost[? s t])
13.-our在重音时[au] sour ; our ; hour ;
&&&&&&& 还发[?:] four ; cour pour
&&&&&&& 还发[u?] tour ; gourd
&& -our 在词尾(非重音)[ ?] colour ; neighbour ; favourite
14.-ow在重音时[au] now ; cow ; dow how ; town
& -ow在重音或非重音中[?u] low ; yellow ; below ; follow ; grow
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
tomorrow ; window ; widow ; know ; show&
（五）元音字母u的组合
1.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发[u]
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
如：fu bu pu pu bush
& 字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发[u:]
rule ; tru blu June
2.-ue在词尾[ju:] argue ; continue
3.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发[u:] frui juice
&-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i]
如： bui gui biscuit
&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&(*即就是说字母u不发音)
4.-ur在重音时[?:] tur retur Thur nur purse
&&&&& 在非重音时[?] sur Saturday
& -ure在重音时[(j) u?] pure[ju?]
; manure[ju?]
; sure[u?]
- ture发[t??] picture ; future ; mixture
(II) ●辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则
辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下:
1.b在一般情况下[b] back ； b lab ; brother
& b和u在一起，u常发[i] building； build ； busy
&-bt一般[t] debt ; doubt
2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s] c Bruc juic bicycle ；fac central
c在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k] c c c duc
&bicyc c c c
c在词尾时也发[k]，但后面有e，那还发[s] gymnastic[k] ; music[k]
&grace[s] ; Bruce[s]
-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k] occ acc occ acclaim
&&& 在元音字母e和i之前[ks] acc success
-ci有时发[?] social
-ch 有三种音[t?][ k]或[?]
&&&&&&&& [t?] Ch rich ; ch chalk
&&&&&&&& [k] sch ch ch ch ach technology
&&&&&&&& [?] mach parach moustache
-tch[t?]& catch ; match ; fetch ; hatch ; butcher
-ck[k] duck ; luck ; tick pock black ; cock
3.d在一般情况下[d] did ; mad d d d damage
-ds发[dz] birds ; hands
dr在元音字母前[dr] dr dr dr drill
-dge一般[d?] bridge ; fridge ; judge ; edge
4.f在一般情况下[f] f f lif leaf
5.g在字母e,i或y前面[d?] larg g g ag energy
&&&&& &&&&&*例外：g forg g forget等,g都发[g]
在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g] g g g g glass
在词尾也发[g] big ; egg ; fig ; flag
-gn[n]，即g不发音 foreign ; sign ; gnaw
-gh发[f]或[-](*既不发音) [-] high ; though ligh brought
&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&[f] laugh ; cough
-dge发[d?] bridge ; knowledge ; judge
&*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 gue gue gua guide
而-gue在词尾发[g] league ; colleague
6.h在一般情况下[h] h beh h h hurry
&& h在字母r或x后面不发音 rh exhibition
7.j在一般情况下[d?] j j inj j J j just
8.k在一般情况下[k] k milk ; kick ; k lock ; knock
&&k后面是n时，k不发音,即kn发[n]
k k k k knife
9.l在元音字母前发[l](*即“勒”音，供参考) light ；l l l live
& l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](*即“尔”音，供参考) cold ；sell ; chalk
10.m在一般情况下[m] m m m com m Tom
& m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m]
comb ; tomb ; climb ; bomber
11.n在一般情况下[n] in ; n n ton ; nest
& n在m后面时，n常不发音,即-mn发[m]& autumn ; column
&& &但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的 autumn columnist
& -ng常发[?]或[?g]&&
发[?] sing ; king ; Engyoung
[?g] finger ；young language
&&&&& -nk常发[?k] bank ; sink ; sank ; sunk ; ink ; thank
12.p在一般情况下[p] map ; cap ; peop pest
&& -ph[f] ph ph philosoph ph phrase
13.que在一般情况下[k] unique ; cheque
&&& qu一般发[k w] qu qu qu qu qu queen
14.r在元音字母前才发音[r](*即音同“略”供参考) room ；r r around
&& r在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音 car ; star ; jar
&& rh在元音字母前只发[r] rh rh rhetoric
15.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发[s]
&&&&&& 如：s s s sis works ; lips ; news yes ; this
注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发[s]音后面的清辅音时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音（而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下：
如：school---音标[s k u: l]，而习惯念成[s g u: l]
street---音标[s tr i: t],而习惯念成[s dr i: t]
stubborn---音标[‘s t ? b n],而习惯念成[‘s d ? b n]
student---音标[‘s t j u: d ? n t],而习惯念成[‘s d j u: d ? n t]
space---音标[s p ei s],而习惯念成[s b ei s]
steal---音标[s t i: l],而习惯念成[s d i: l]
就是这样，像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。
s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发[z]
如：thes nos los ris wis observe
&&&&& &词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发[z]
&&&&&&&&&& 如：pigs ; plays ; flags ; eggs ; toys ; boys
&&&&&&& 词尾的s在长元音之后，发[z] hers ; yours
&&&&&&& s还可以发[?] s Russia
&&&&& -sh一般发[?] sh sh wish ; sh sh fish
&&&&& -sch一般情况下[s k] sch scheme(计划)
&&&&& -sion一般情况下[? n] tension ; succession
&&&&&&&&&&& 在元音字母后[? n] decision ; conclusion
&&&&& -sure在元音字母后[? ?] measure ; pleasure
&& 16..t在一般情况下[t] tooth ； cat ; t t hit
&cut ; let ; t t t
&&&&& -th一般发[θ]或[ð],即发[θ] th tooth ; youth ; th thigh
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 发[ð] th with ; th th those
&&&& -tr[tr] tr tr tr tr tr street
&&&& -tion[? n]information ; organization ; pronunciation ; production
&&&&&&&& (*一个例外：question[t? n])
& &&&-ture[t? ?] picture ; mixture ; future
&& 17.v在一般情况下[v] v liv v v v village
&& 18.w在元音字母之前[w] w w w w w wisdom
&&&&& wr[r] wr wr wr written
&&&&& wh[h] wh wh wh whole
&& &&&wh[w] wh wh wh wh why
&&&&& aw[?:] draw ; saw ; law ; law awful
&&&&& ew[j u:] few ; threw ; grew ; knew ; new
&&&&& ow[?u] ow ow low ; slow ; know ; below
&&&&& ow[au] now ; cow ; crown
& 19.x在一般情况下[ks] box ; fox ; nex textile
&&&&&& 位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时，发[gz] ex ex anxiety
& 20.y在元音字母之前[j] y y y young
& 21.z在一般情况下[z] z quiz ; z z zipper
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字母和字母组合发音规则
第二节& 字母和字母组合发音规则
advantage,
illinjure,
busy,build
foreigner,
handkerchief,
circuit,palace,pigeon
a,e,o,u,ai,ar,or,
ur,ou,ureiou
particular,
misunderstand
special,initial,patient,
sufficient
conservation,comprehension
framework,,worthy
earth,learn,
bottle,cough,Austria
wallet,quarrel
au,aw,oa,or,
courtyard,
broadcast,
aw,oaroororeour
claw,board,
floor,bored,
quarter,warm
taught,sought
woolen,cook,buffet,bull,
whom,movie
conclusion
ew,ou,oe,ui,ue
crew,youth,
shoe,juice,
afternoon,
academic,any,anywhere,
belt,breast,
comparative
fnphskspssstth
after,advance,paragraph,
ask,grasp,
fast,father
part-time,
aunt,laughter
wondersometimemotherlandrecover
sum,uncle,unfair,thunderstorm
though,touch,courage
alike,behind,apologize,analyze,cycle,butterfly
lie,apple-pie
age,ashamed,brain,campaign,day,daylight,they,obey,great,breakthough
anticipate,
eighty,weight
coin,appointment,boy,annoy
cafeteria,
ear,eer,ere
real,appearance,beard,appear,beer,cheerful,there,interfere
fierce,barrier
curious,obvious
vary,librarian
air,affair,care,compare
elsewhere,therefore
rural,tourist
influence,
tournament
bound,announce,background
cow,however,
cold,control,
coincidence
owing,window,show
biography,
combine,club
page,campaign,tip
deadline,behind
term,criticize,planet
garlic,magazine,
hook,inherit
cloth,alcoholic
camp,bacon,
cube,crowd
kettle,worker,look
chicken,check
chaos,architecture
leak,problem,tail
conventional,
article,battle
rabbit,oral
funy,pacific,
scarf,phase
differ,offshore,stuff
laughter,rough
victim,movie
world,nationwide
whale,wheal,
emergency,force
certainly,civil
select,resource,
associate,business
scenery,scisssors,
zipper,magazine
accuse,socialism,
cousin,always
iaieionious
appreciate,ancient,suspicion,
chef,machine
patient,partial,starvation
impression,extension,assure,sure
shade,workshop,
treasure,unusual
thief,author,death
meet,September,
communication
nation,journal,
long,singer,
fuction,angle,
bank,conquer
suggestion
achieve,chest,
branch,buthcher
trust,patriotic
digest,ecology,
suggestion
joy,object,prejudice
gradual,soldier,procedure
scare,subscript
mixture,fox,taxi,
execute,expectation,extent,exhibition
access,accident,excite,except,exclude
diagram,dial,
diet,hire,retire
lion,violent,
environment
Australia,billion,
convenience
congratulate
amuse,accuse,
contribute
view,queue
new,newspaper,
suit,suitcase
due,continue
curiosity,curious
secure,pure
introduction,presentation
profession,
suggestion
technical,
traditional
alcohol,algebra
altogether,salt
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
rent,sensitive
silence,strengthen
fine,combine,sunshine
competition,communist
comfortable
conscience
[k ŋ]
congress,conquer
different,sudden
business,cousin
honest,vehicleghost
behalf,chalk,
calm,could
psychology
island,conscience
Christmas,castle,catch,buffet,often
delight,thorough,
cheque,colleague
described,served
touched,relaxed
pointed,succeeded【国际音标】字母组发音规律_百度文库
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